I-Begonia isitshalo esivelayo esiqhakaza hhayi ehlobo kuphela, kepha nasebusika. Yisitshalo se-herbaceous ngokuphelele (esibalelwa ku-3 cm ukuphakama) nes shrub emide, eminyene. Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa nezinesibindi zinobuhle obuhle kakhulu, obunamahlamvu athuthukile obukhulu obuhlukahlukene nemithunzi eluhlaza. Isitshalo singaba namaqabunga amancane noma amaningi amancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbali zazo azivezi futhi zincane.
Isici esibonakalayo isymmetry eshidi, uhlangothi olulodwa luhlala lincane kuneyesibili. Ukuqhakaza kwama-begonias, kunalokho, kunezimbali ezinkulu, ezikhanyayo nge-gamut yemibala ehlukahlukene efudumele. Ngokwesimo, angaba ejwayelekile futhi abe-terry, afane nama roses. Ngenxa yeziphambano ezinhlobonhlobo, namuhla inani elikhulu lezinhlobo zalobu buhle liyaziwa.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-begonias
Isigaxa esimangalelayo - ayinaso isiqu, futhi amaqabunga akhula ngokuqondile esuka kwiziqa emilenzeni emide. Kusatshalaliswa ngokwahlukana kweqabunga nokusika. Lolu hlobo lusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ama-sill kanye nama-balconies (ama-loggias). Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:
I-Royal begonia amaqabunga afinyelela ku-30 cm ukuphakama (amahlumela amadala), anomumo wenhliziyo, ongabonakali, abe nombala ongashintshile, onobuhlakani obomvu, obomvu, onsundu nohlaza. Izimbali ziyasuswa kulesi sitshalo, zincane futhi ukuba khona kwazo kubambezela ukukhula kwamaqabunga, futhi kungamaqabunga agxile kakhulu kulolu hlobo.
Masoniana noma Mason begonia ephepheni eliluhlaza okwenhliziyo eliluhlaza okotshani, iphethini emnyama eluhlaza idonswa ngendlela yesiphambano esinezici ezinhlanu. Kubukeka kungajwayelekile. Ubude bamaqabunga acishe abe ngu-15-20 cm.
Metallica noma i-begonia yensimbi Amagatsha egatsha alolu hlobo afinyelela kumitha eyodwa nesigamu ukuphakama. Iziqu zibomvu, kanti amaqabunga (10-15 cm) aluhlaza okotshani anemithambo ebomvu nebheen metallic. Ikhula unyaka wonke, kepha ikhuthele ehlobo nasentwasahlobo.
Begonia carolina - isitshalo esifushane esinezimbali ezi-pink ezikhanyayo, eziqhakaza sekwephuzile.
Hogweed begonia inesiqu esipinki futhi sibukhali, sinjengemunwe, siluhlaza ngemithambo ekhanyayo, sinamaqabunga. Ukukhunjuzwa kwamaqabunga ajiyile.
Cuff begonia - inesiqu esikhulu esimbozwe izinwele ezibomvu. Amacembe makhulu ngemiphetho eyenziwe nge-serated. Isitshalo sifinyelela imitha ukuphakama.
I-Tiger begonia - isitshalo esincane ngesimo sesihlahla (20-25 cm). Amaqabunga mancane, aluhlaza okotshani anamabala akhanyayo.
Begonia inkosana emnyama amaqabunga efomu elingajwayelekile elinendawo yama-velvet. Zinombala oluhlaza okotshani ocishe ube mnyama.
Bush begonia - ineziqu ezicijile, ezikhumbuza isiqu soqalo. Ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka ngemisiko, imbewu namahlumela (kusuka phezulu). Izimbali ezinjalo zilungele kakhudlwana ukulinyelwa kwasekhaya, ngoba zingcono ukuthatha izimpande ngaphakathi ezindlini. Ezinye zezinhlobo:
I-Begonia ihlala iqhakaza - Inenkathi ende yezimbali, eseyithande ukuthandwa kwayo. Inombala wephepha eshidi, eliluhlaza okotshani noma obomvu. Izimbali zincanyana: zimhlophe, zibomvu futhi zipinki. Ingasatshalaliswa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni futhi ikhule kokubili engadini nasekhaya. I-Indoor begonia ingathokozisa abaphathi bayo ngezimbali cishe unyaka wonke. Ngezikhathi ezithile, itshalwa kabusha ngendlela yokusika (njalo emva kweminyaka emithathu), ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ilahlekelwa ukukhanga kwayo.
UBegonia ubomvu - Isitshalo esikhulu esinama-inflorescence abomvu acebile akhula ngamaqhubu aminyene. Amaqabunga abushelelezi, acwebezelayo, anobuhle besimo.
Ama-coral begonia - Ukubukeka okukhulu kakhulu, kushiya ubude be-10-15 cm, kube namabala amhlophe. Izimbali zipinki ezikhanyayo.
UFuchsia begonia kwehluka kwabanye ngamaqabunga amancane, ahlobisa izimbali nezimbali ezincane zilenga ngendlela yamabele. Izimbali zibomvu ngokugqamile. Iqhakaza kusuka ngo-December kuya ku-Mashi.
UTuber begonia - Umhlobiso omuhle kakhulu wezingadi zasekhaya, izingadi namapaki. Iqhakaza kusuka ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba, futhi ngamagadango avaliwe (izingadi zasebusika, izithombo zokugcina izithombo) kuze kube yilapho iqhwa yokuqala. Akayithandi okwakungapheli nemimoya enamandla, futhi wesaba nemisebe yelanga eqondile.
Ihluka kwamanye amalungu omndeni ngokuba khona kwethotho elikhulu leshubhu, okuvela kulo ukukhula kwesiqu esikhulu esikhula esinamaqabunga enhliziyo enendawo enamanzi amancane. I-inflorescence yemibala ehlukahlukene. Ungahlangana nezinhlobo ezilandelayo:
Ampel begonia inezimbali ezigobile futhi ihlumela kahle, amahlumela athambekele kancane. Zisetshenziselwa ukwakheka komhlaba ukuhlobisa izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene ezilengisiwe.
I-Ampel begonia inenzuzo ngaphezu kwabanye ngokuqhakaza okuqhubekayo. Ifakwe ebhodweni le-cache, lapho inani elikhulu lama-inflorescence alengiswa ngokuqinile isigaxa ubude obungu-20- 40 cm. Kwenzeka ngombala omhlophe, okusajingijolo, owolintshi, ophuzi, kanti kwesinye isikhathi umbala wethoni ezimbili.
Ubolo olukhulu olunezimbali ezinkulu ububanzi bezimbali bufika ku-25 cm.
Phakathi kwama-begonias asengadini nawasekhaya, kunezinhlobo ezisetshenziswa kuphela ekubalulekeni kwezimbali zasekhaya, ngokwesibonelo, begonia elatior. I-tuber hybrid inezimpande ezintekenteke ze-ebb ebomvu, idinga ukwesekelwa okwengeziwe. Amhlophe, apinki, orenji, aphuzi, abomvu kanye nama-shades awo ahlukahlukene (imisindo emibili), ama-inflorescence (6-7 cm ubukhulu) aqhakaza ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ishiya enobuso obukhazimulayo, oyindilinga. Isihlahla sifinyelela ku-30-35 cm.
I-Begonia lorrain ukuphakama kwesihlahla cishe isigamu semitha. Amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama ayagwaza emaphethelweni (cm cm). Izimbali: zimhlophe, zipinki futhi zibomvu.
Khrisp Begonia isici esibonakalayo salesi sitshalo esigeleza izimbali njalo siyimbali elintekenteke enesimo se-wavy sama-petals, amhlophe anomngcele wepinki nomgogodla ophuzi ophuzi.
Begonia ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Lesi sitshalo sinezithombe eziningi, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo eziqhakazayo zidinga ukukhanya. Kepha ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kufanele kugwenywe, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba nokushiswa emacembe.
Ngakho-ke, kufanele afakwe imijondolo emgwaqweni, futhi akhonjiswe efulethini elisempumalanga noma entshonalanga windows, nangezinsuku ezishisayo zasehlobo ukucasha ekujuleni egumbini, noma ukuvikela amawindi ngephepha noma ifilimu elikhethekile. Ngezikhathi ezithile, vula imbiza, ushintshe izinhlangothi zokukhanya kwezimbali. Amahle angabizwa ngokushisa kwe-20-24 ° C ehlobo futhi angabi ngaphansi kuka-15 ° C.
Ukunisela begonias
Njengoba i-begonia isitshalo esishisayo ngokwemvelo, ithanda umswakama ophezulu. Awukwazi ukufafaza amaqabunga, ngaphandle kwalokho azoqala ukonakala (ambozwe amabala ansundu). Ngakho-ke, uma isitshalo singenawo umswakama owanele (ngokwesibonelo, esimweni sezulu esishisayo), usibeka epanini elikhulu esitobhini bese uthela amanzi (ukuze angathinti ezansi ebhodweni) uthele ubumba oluncane olunwetshiwe lapho. Ukuhwamuka, amanzi azonikeza umswakama odingekayo osazungeze imbali.
Ukuchelela kuyadingeka ngobuningi, ngamanzi axazululiwe, kepha ungavumeli amanzi ukuba anciphise epanini. Umbuso wokunisela ulawulwa kusukela ngenkathi, lapho nje ukoma komhlaba (1.5-2 cm) ukoma - unisele. Ebusika, ukuchelela kuncishiswa kakhulu, kanti izinhlobo zezinhlamvu eziwela ebusika azinamanzi nhlobo, kepha zibekwe ku-peat.
Umanyolo we-begonias
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa izikhathi ezingama-1-2 ngesonto ngesikhathi sezimbali ezisebenzayo. Kusetshenziswa umanyolo ogcwele i-nitrogen kuma-begonias aqobayo, ngoba athuthukisa ukukhula kwamaqabunga kepha anciphise ukuqhakaza.
Begonia ukufakelwa ekhaya
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa njengokudingekile, ngokwesibonelo, uma imbali iye yagcwala ebhodweni, ingahanjiswa kwenye ebanzi kakhulu. Isikhathi esijabulisayo sokufakelwa umoya kungukuqala kwentwasahlobo.
Isitshalo sithathwa ebhodweni, sikhululwe ngokucophelela emhlabeni omdala (iphutha elikhulu lokuhambisa imbali kabusha ebhodweni olusha ngomhlaba omdala ufafaze okusha). Ukunakekelwa kumele kuthathwe ukuze kungalimazi izimpande neziqu. Ukususa isihlabathi, ungasebenzisa isixazululo esilula se-potassium permanganate, uphonsa izimpande lapho imizuzu embalwa.
Emva kwalokho, ubuthakathaka buzabonakala (uma kukhona ukubola, khona-ke kufanele kusikwe). Isitshalo esihlanjululwe sibekwa emgodini omusha. Ukunisela emva transplantation kaningi. Umhlaba awuthelwe phezulu, kuyadingeka ukulinda kuze kube yilapho izimpande sezomile, bese ukhuphuka phezulu.
Musa ukubeka kuphela i-begonia etshalwe kabusha elangeni ngqo (imbali idinga isikhathi, cishe inyanga ukuzivumelanisa). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-begonias aklanyelwe kancane ukwakha umqhele omusha, omusha.
Inhlabathi yeBegonia
Inhlabathi - ayinazo izidingo ezikhethekile. Ungayithenga esitolo sezimbali noma uyipheke ngokwakho. Phansi, kubekwa isihlabathi esincane, bese imbiza igcwala inhlabathi enamaqabunga kanye nengxube ye-peat ne-chernozem ingezwe (1: 1). Uma inhlabathi ilungiswe kahle, i-begonia izoyithokozisa iso ngokukhula okugqamile nokuqhakaza, imibala iyogcwala, amacembe abe namanzi futhi abe nempilo, isiqu sibe siqinile futhi siqine.
Begonia ishubhu tuber ebusika
Lapho nje iqhwa kuqala, kuqala ukuvunwa kwe-tuber begonia ukuze kugcinwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ingxenye engenhla iyanqunywa, ishiye kuphela ama-3-4 cm.Imbiwa ngaphandle kokuqeda izimpande kusuka emhlabathini, bese igoqwa emabhokisini okugcina.
Lapho ama-tubers omile, susa izinsalela zamahlumela bese usakaza inhlabathi ezungezile nge-peat. Ukugcina endaweni eyomile, emnyama, emazingeni okushisa angekho ngaphansi kuka-10 ° C. Ngokuqondene nezinhlobo ezihlala ziqhakaza, isikhathi sasebusika njengaleso asibhekwa.
Ukusakazwa kweqabunga leBegonia
Lapho kusakazwa ukusikwa kwamaqabunga, kukhethwa iqabunga eliqine kakhulu nelinempilo bese lisikwa libe izingxenye eziningi eduze kwemithambo, ukuze isithombe ngasinye sibe nemithambo engama-2-3. Ngemuva kwalokho zibekwa ngaphezulu kwesihlabathi esimanzi, futhi zimbozwe ngefilimu noma isikhwama sepulasitiki. Isihlabathi kufanele sifafazwe ngezikhathi ezithile.
Lapho kuvela amaqabunga amancane, kancane kancane jwayela lesi sitshalo emoyeni, uvule imizuzu engu-10-15 bese uvala futhi, okwandisa isikhathi sokuphumula nsuku zonke.
Ukusakazeka kwe-begonias ngezihlahla zokusika
Le ndlela ilungele noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-begonia enesiqu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sika isiqu esihle kakhulu esingu-7-8 cm ngamaqabunga angama-2-3, asezingeni eliphansi kufanele asuswe, kanti lawo aphezulu aphezulu kufanele anqunywe phakathi. Faka umsiki, ophathwe namalahle.
Embizeni elungiselelwe, nenhlanganisela yesihlabathi kanye nenhlabathi ye-begonias (1: 1), faka isiteki emgodini owenziwe ngaphambili ngenduku, usijula ngamahlamvu. Mboza ngebhodlela leplastiki elisikiwe. Ngenyanga, kuzovela amapheshana amasha. Kancane kancane jwayela isitshalo emoyeni. IBlossom izoqala ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.
Ukusakazwa kweBegonia ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
I-Begonias ekhula esihlahleni ingasakazwa kusetshenziswa ama-rhizomes. Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa isitshalo enhlabathini, cwilisa izimpande ezimbalwa emanzini, bese uhlukanisa ngokucophelela i-rhizome ibe izingxenye ukuze ngamunye abe nezinso noma ihlumela. Kukhipha amaqabunga amaningi, amaqabunga omisiwe nama-inflorescence, futhi izindawo ezisikiweyo ziphathwa ngamalahle. Izithombo ku izimbiza namanzi.
Imbewu begonia
Akuyona indlela ethandwa kakhulu, ngoba akuyona yonke imbewu emila noma esebenzayo, kodwa asayisebenzisa. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa engxenyeni elungiselelwe engalali ngaphezulu komhlabathi, ifafazwe futhi imbozwe ngefilimu noma ingilazi (ngezikhathi ezithile i-ajar, ukuvimbela ukubikwa kwamanzi). Ngemuva kokuncipha, linda kuze kube ukuthi amahlumela aqine futhi atshalwe emabhodweni ahlukile.
Ukusakazeka kwe-begonia ebanda kakhulu
Ekwindla, amaqabunga e-begonia ayathulwa, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zithathwa emhlabathini zihlanzwe emhlabathini bese zomile. NgoFebhuwari-Meyi, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zinqunywa ezingxenyeni eziningana (ezimbili, ezintathu), kodwa ukuze ngayinye ibe nezimpande futhi ihlume.
Uhlangothi olubunjiwe lufafazwe ngamalahle futhi lubekwe ku-peat (hhayi ukungcwatshwa ngokujulile, ingxenye encane kufanele ibe semhlabathini), iqiniseke ukuthi ayisho ukuthi ayomile. Izinga lokushisa akufanele lehle (10-12 ° C). Inqubo yokuhluma ihamba kancane, udinga ukubekezela.
Begonia izinambuzane nezifo
- Isicabucabu esibomvu - Isinambuzane esivame kakhulu esithinta i-begonia. Icutshungulwa ngama-insecticides.
- I-Powdery hlobo - isifo fungal okubangelwa umswakama ngokweqile eduze izimpande. Ukubonakala kokubola ezansi kwesiqu sesiqu noma kumaqabunga aphansi. Uma kutholakala, susa amaqabunga athintekile bese unciphisa ukuthambisa. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimba ukwanda kwalesi sifo.
- IBegonia ayiqhakaza ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwephulwa kwemithetho yokunakekelwa: ukukhanyisa okunganele, umswakama ophansi, ukushintshwa kwezinga lokushisa, okusalungiswa, inani elikhulu lomquba. Uma ulandela izincomo zokunakekelwa kwe-begonias, khona-ke le nkinga ngeke ivele.
- Ukuwa kwemali ngenxa yokwephulwa kwimodi yokunisela kanye nesikhundla esingalungile esihlobene nokukhanya (okunganele noma okuningayo). Okunye isizathu kungaba ukuntuleka kukamanyolo, kufanele kudliwe.
- Amaqabunga aphuzi ngenxa yomswakama ophansi noma ukuncipha kwenhlabathi. Kuphakathi kokuthi izinambuzane zilimele ezimpandeni (ukushintshwa kwenhlabathi kuzosiza, ngoba ngaphambili kuhlanzwe izimpande kusixazululo nge-potanganum permanganate).
- Amacembe weBegonia aphenduka abe mnyama, ayikwazi ukufafazwa futhi angavumeli ukuthi amanzi awele emaqabungeni nasitayeleni ngesikhathi sokunisela, kungenjalo aqala ukugcwala. Amacembe ama-brown kanye brittle akhombisa ukuntuleka komswakama nokushisa komoya okuphakeme.
- Isitshalo siyadonswa phezuluuma engenakho ukukhanya nokuntuleka kwezakhi enhlabathini.
- Amacembe asontekile - izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu.
- Umbala wehlamvu eliphakathikukhombisa ukukhanyisa okunganele.
- Ngokushisa okuphansi kanye nomswakama ophezulu, isikhunta singabonakala ngaphezulu kweshidi, okukhombisa ukuhlulwa kokubola okungwevu. Lawa maqabunga kufanele asuswe, futhi isitshalo uqobo siphathwe nge-fung fung.
- Uma amathiphu amaqabunga aba nsundu futhi yaqala ukuwa, khona-ke imbali ayinakho ukuthambisa nomswakama.
