Ukubutha ama-raspberries, abalimi abaningi bakhala ngesivuno esincane sesilimo. Kodwa-ke, akufanele uphatheke kabi - izitshalo zikwazile ukunikela ngokufana nalokho izinto zangaphandle ezibavumelayo nokuthi kungakanani okugxunyekwe emandleni ezinhlobonhlobo zazo. Ukuthonya inani lamajikijolo kungokoqobo impela. Isivuno, esikhathini esiningi, singumphumela wokusebenza kwethu.
Ama-raspberries.
Ukukhetha Okuhlukahlukene Okusajingijolo
Yisho okuthandayo, kepha ithebhu yokuthola isivuno esikhulu sama-raspberries iqala ngokukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo. Futhi kungcono ukuyikhetha hhayi esizeni sabangane noma komakhelwane (yize usengathola inketho enhle), kepha ngokuya ngokuchazwa kwezimpawu zokuhlukahluka nokubuyekezwa kwabanye abalimi.
"Izinhlobonhlobo zakho" kufanele zihlangabezane nezidingo zakho. Izici zokunambitha kwamajikijolo, usayizi wawo, umbala, ukumelana nokuchitha, ukubhaka, ukuqala nesikhathi ubude be-fruiting, ukwakheka kwesihlahla, ukuphakama namandla amahlumela, ukuthambekela kokuthinteka yizifo - konke okubalulekile! Futhi ngikholwe, ukuthola okufunayo kungokoqobo!
Izinhlobonhlobo zinqunywa - kuyadingeka ukuthenga izinto zokutshala. Cishe kuzodingeka uyithenge (uma ukhetho nomakhelwane lungakhethwanga). Uma uthenga, udinga ukuphendukela kwimithombo ethembekile ngempela, futhi ungahambisi igama kumthengisi wokuqala wentengiso emakethe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akudingekile ukuthatha inani elikhulu lezithombo, kodwa ukuthenga izitshalo zokutshala okungenani umugqa owodwa, futhi lapho, uma okhethiwe eqinisekisa izimfanelo ezithandwayo, tshala i-raspberry egcwele (kulandela imithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo, ungathola inzalo eningi yezimpande ngonyaka wesibili).
Beka okusajingijolo
Njenganoma isiphi esinye isiko, ama-raspberry anezicelo zawo emhlabathini, elangeni nakomakhelwane. Ngakho-ke, ekunqumeni indawo efikayo, kufanele ukhethe okuyiyona engcono kunazo zonke, eyodwa ezogcwalisa ngokugcwele izidingo zama-raspberries.
Inketho ekahle yendawo embozwe yi-raspberry iyindawo elinganayo evikelwe emimoyeni, ingahlupheki ngokushelela, inhlabathi yokwakheka okuphakathi noma okukhanyayo, izinga lamanzi aphansi komhlaba alikho ngaphezulu kuka-1.5 m, ungqimba olondlekayo olunempilo kakhulu kanye nokunikeza umswakama okuhle. Kunoma iyiphi enye inguqulo, ama-raspberry azohlupheka: umswakama owedlulele ungadala izimpande zawo, ukuntuleka kwamajikijolo amancane nenani elincane lamahlumela, ukushaya ngamandla kuhlanganiswe namazinga okushisa aphansi - iziqu ezifa, ukubekwa ezindaweni eziphansi - ukumiswa kwamaqabunga, ukufika emithonjeni - ukuntuleka komswakama . Konke lokhu kuthinta umkhiqizo!
Indlela yokutshala okusajingijolo
Indima ebaluleke ngokulinganayo enanini nasezingeni lama-raspberries idlalwa ngendlela yokutshala. Uma uthatha futhi umbe izitshalo ezincane enhlabathini engalungiselelwe, akunakwenzeka ukuthi zibonge inani elikhulu lamajikijolo. Kepha uma ufaka umcamelo onamandla we-organic ngaphansi kwesipele, isiko lizokuvuza ngentuthuko enhle, ukumelana nezifo, nezithelo eziningi. Ngakho-ke, indlela enhle yokutshala ama-raspberries, futhi ngakhuluma ngakho esihlokweni esithi "Indlela enhle yokutshala ama-raspberries," kungumsele lapho ungqimba lwezinto eziphilayo lufakwa emgodini olungiselelwe ukutshala, olunikeza ukondliwa kwesihlahla unyaka owodwa.
Kepha ngaphezu kokushaja imibhede ngomanyolo, ukubeka inkululeko yezindawo zezitshalo kuyadingeka futhi. Ukuthembela ekutheni ama-raspberry bush azokhula kakade ngonyaka wesibili, futhi azodinga indawo eyanele yokudla, indawo yesisindo semvelo nokunakekelwa, izintambo phakathi kwama-raspberry kufanele zishiywe zinethemba elingaba yi-1,2 m, futhi uma izinhlobonhlobo zinde (nezinhlobo eziningi zanamuhla eziphakeme izinhlobo zifinyelela ukuphakama okungaphezulu kuka-2,5 m) bese ngaphezulu.
Okusajingijolo yisithombo.
Ukuhlanganiswa okusajingijolo
Le ndlela yezolimo ayibalulekile kangako kunayo yonke eyedlule. Kusuka ekutheni ama-raspberries azokwakhiwa kanjani (nokuthi uzonqunywa nhlobo), mangaki amabhulashi ezimbali kuwo owakhelwe isivuno esizayo.
Kuze kube manje, indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuthena ama-raspberries wonyaka indlela A. G. Sobolev. Ibhekisisa kusiko elikhuliswe ngokuhambisana nohlu oluphelele lwamasu ezolimo, futhi alandelayo.
Isigaba sokuqala. NgoJuni - Julayi, lapho ama-raspberries athela izithelo kumahlumela aphelile, amahlumela amasha ahloselwe ukuzithelo ngonyaka olandelayo ngokunamandla asuka ezimpandeni zawo ngonyaka olandelayo. Lapho nje sebefinyelele ukuphakama okungama-80 - 120 cm, izihloko zazo zifinyezwa ngamasentimitha ayi-10 - 15. Kungakapheli nenyanga, amagatsha asebusweni azovela ezinsizakalweni zamaqabunga amahlumela ancitshisiwe, futhi maphakathi nekwindla azofinyelela ubude obuyi-30 - 40 cm. Kulesi simo, ama-raspberries angena ebusika.
Isigaba Sesibili. Entwasahlobo, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuthi kubonakale amahlamvu, kuyadingeka futhi ukuncipha ama-raspberries, kulokhu kunciphisa amahlumela wokuhleleka kwesibili ngo-5 cm (amagatsha aseceleni afanayo, ukukhula kwawo okucasulwe ngonyaka owedlule). Lokhu kuzonikeza umfutho ekwakhekeni kwamagatsha e-lateral nakuwo.
Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokuzala, okusajingijolo okwakhekile kuzoba namagatsha we-oda lokuqala nelesibili, futhi afane nomuthi. Lapho nje isihlahla sibuyisela isivuno, ngaphandle kokulinda ekwindla, amahlumela avundisiwe kumele asikwe empandeni. Lokhu kuzokhipha amabhethri ekukhuleni okusha, kuthuthukise umoya omncane nokukhanya kwawo. Ukuze uthole amahlumela amasha, inqubo yokuthena okuphindwe kabili, njll, isisetshenziswa futhi.
Le ndlela isisungule njengendlela yokuphinda kabili isivuno se-raspberry. Futhi konke ngoba umuthi okusajingijolo owakhiwe ngale ndlela ubeka amagatsha amajikijolo hhayi kuphela kumama (oyinhloko) amahlumela, kodwa futhi nangamagatsha akamuva abunjwe kuwo.
Futhi kuthiwani ngezinhlobo zokulungisa? Ngokulungisa izinhlobo kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili.
Inombolo 1. Kusuka ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, sika isihlahla esikhule ngokugcwele ukuze sithuthukise ikhwalithi yesitshalo sekwindla ezayo, futhi isivuno sasehlobo sizokweqiwa.
Inombolo 2. Ehlobo, ekubuyeni kokuqala kwamajikijolo, unqume amahlumela aneminyaka emibili, okushiya ithuba lokunikeza amahlumela amasha ukuvuna ekwindla.
Ukuze ukhulise isivuno sama-raspberries we-remont, kubalulekile ukukhumbula inqubo eyodwa yokuthena - ukuthambisa. Ukulungisa izinhlobo zithinta kakhulu ukuqina futhi ziphendule kuzo hhayi kuphela nge berry encane, kodwa futhi nokwehla okubonakalayo kwesilinganiso sako. Ngakho-ke, iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ekwandiseni isibalo nosayizi wamajikijolo amajikijolo afana nalawa anciphisa ama-raspberries. Kushiywe amahlumela amane athela izithelo kuphela esihlahleni sezinhlobonhlobo zokulungisa.
Ama-raspberries.
Ukunakekela okusajingijolo
Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe ukhethe indawo efanele kangakanani ama-raspberries, noma ngabe ayisika kanjani, ngaphandle kokunakekela kahle ama-raspberries, akunakuphikwa ukuthi kukhona yini ukwanda kwesivuno, ikakhulukazi okuhlukahlukayo nezinhlobo zokulungisa.
Ama-raspberries adinga amanzi njalo futhi ngesikhathi sokukhula, kanye nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza, futhi ngenkathi kumiswa amajikijolo, kodwa hhayi ukuthela, kepha kugcina umbhede usesimweni esimanzi kancane kuze kufike ku-30 - 40 cm. Lapho izihlahla zihamba ebusika, yenza ukuchelela amanzi okushaja.
Ngeke ube superfluous ku okusajingijolo ukuhlukaniswa komugqakanye nokususwa kokhula emigqeni. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lapho ama-raspberries akhula khona phakathi kotshani, isivuno esihle nokukhula okufika ngesikhathi kwamahlumela amasha akwenzeki.
Kahle kahle, le raspberry iyaphendula umanyolo. Uthanda umlotha, umquba, umquba obolile, udinga initrogen, phosphorus ne-potassium. Kodwa-ke, uma itshalwe ngendlela yomsele, iminyaka yokuqala engu-2 - 3 ayinakudliwa, ngaphandle kwalapho kungenjalo - ukondliwa kufanele kwenziwe entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokukhula kwamahlumela amasha nokwakhiwa kwe-ovary, nasekwindla.
Inketho enhle yokuphakelwa kwentwasahlobo ngumquba wezinkukhu, uvinjelwe u-1 kuye ku-10 ngamanzi kanye nesaladi elihlanjululwe ezingxenyeni ezintathu zamanzi. Ngaphansi kokucubungula ekwindla, ungenza amabhakede aze abe ma-5 womquba ngemitha eyodwa nesikwele, kodwa ngemuva konyaka.
Ezindaweni ezibandayo, ebusika, ama-raspberries anconyelwa ukuba ahlanganiswe futhi agobeke phansi, amboze isikhathi seqhwa ngesendlalelo seqhwa esihle. Futhi entwasahlobo, ukuletha ukuvuthwa kwesitshalo kusondele amasonto amabili, kumboze ngefilimu emnyama noma ukuyifaka ngesigaxa esikhulu ngomlotha.
Ngakho-ke, isivuno esikhulu sama-raspberries, lokhu kungokubonga kwakhe ngokusinaka.
