Izitshalo zasendlini zitholakala nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zifo zingumphumela wokuchayelwa ezimweni ezingezinhle zemvelo, kanye nomphumela wokunakekelwa okungafanele. Kungaba: umswakama ngokweqile noma umoya owomile, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu noma eliphansi kakhulu, ukuntuleka kokugqoka okuphezulu noma okweqile, ikhwalithi yengxube yenhlabathi ayihlangabezani nomthamo odingekayo, ongafanele, njll. Izifo eziningi azidluliselwa kwezinye izitshalo. Kwesinye isikhathi inkinga ukuthi izitolo zithengisa izitshalo ezigcina ukushisa, kwesinye isikhathi okunzima ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zezindlu zanamuhla, ngenxa yokuthi zingakhula kabi noma zilahle amacembe, okukhombisa ukuthi izimo zalesi sitshalo azilungile ngokuphelele. Uma isandulela esinjalo sibamba, khona-ke lesi sitshalo kudingeka sisuswe ebhodweni bese sihlola izimpande. Uma uhlelo lwezimpande lonakele, isitshalo kuyodingeka ukuthi sitshele, uma kungenjalo, kufanele kuthunyelwe futhi kusungulwe ngokuyisisekelo, yisiphi isizathu. Mhlawumbe kunokukhanya okuncane ngalesi sitshalo noma kuswela izakhi zomzimba. Into ingadliwa futhi ihanjiswe endaweni ekhanyiselwe kakhudlwana. Uma isitshalo ngaphambi kwalokhu simi endaweni ekhanyayo, khona-ke kufanele idluliselwe emthunzini noma emthunzini osesilinganisweni.
Kunoma ikuphi, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole ukuthi lusebenza kahle kangakanani udoti nokuthi lukhona ngokuphelele. Ngokungabikho kwayo, udinga ukudlulisa isitshalo ngokuya ngayo yonke imithetho. Izitshalo eziningi zasendlini azikubekezeleli noma zikubekezelele ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa okungatheni, kanye nokuba khona kokubhaliwe. Le nto ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe lapho kugcinwa izitshalo zokuhlobisa noma izimbali zasendlini.
Umoya owomile, ikakhulukazi ebusika, lapho kuqala isikhathi sokushisa, kungadala ukulimaza okukhulu ezitshalweni. Kungadala ama-thrips kanye nesibungu sesicabucabu uma izindlela zokuthibela zingathathwanga.
Izitshalo zokunisela zenziwa ngamanzi at lokushisa lasekamelweni futhi zithambile kuphela (imvula noma zincibilike) futhi kuzinze kuphela.
Izifo ezijwayelekile zasendlini
Leaf fain fungi
Njengomthetho, izitshalo ziyathinteka, okwenzelwa ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi okungekuhle. Ngokuyisisekelo, lokhu kuyathinta: i-camellia, i-anthurium, izinhlobo ezithile zezihlahla zesundu nama-orchid.
Ukwahlula okunjalo kubonakaliswa ngu ukubonakala kwamabala emaqabungeni, hhayi ngobukhulu obukhulu. Uma kungekho zinyathelo ezithathwayo, lapho-ke lezi izindawo zingakhula, bese amaqabunga eqala ukufa.
Izindlela zokulwa iqiniso ukuthi izitshalo ezithintekile azifafazwa ngamanzi, futhi amaqabunga athintekile ayasuswa.
Anthracnose
Lesi sifo esijwayelekile singakhula ngaphansi kwezimo ezifudumele futhi ezinomswakama, ezingasebenza lapho kukhula izitshalo ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo.
Izimpawu avele ngesimo sokubukeka emaqabungeni ezitshalo ezinjengemithi yesundu nama-ficus, imifudlana emnyama onsundu.
Izindlela zomzabalazo ngezifo ezinjalo kwehla ekwelashweni okuhleliwe kwezitshalo ezinama-fungicides kanye nokubhujiswa kwamaqabunga onakele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasonto ambalwa, ukuthambisa nokufafaza izitshalo kuyekiwe.
I-Powdery hlobo
Lolu hlobo lwesifo luvela emoyeni owomile futhi ofudumele. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo zingatholakala kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesikhunta. Ngamanye amagama, isikhunta esivela ku-begonias asikwazi ukuvela kwi-rose. Izitshalo ezinjenge-hydrangea, i-creton, i-begonia, i-kalanchoe, i-cyclamen, i-chrysanthemum, ama-roses kanye ne-uzambers violets zithinteka yi-powdery hlobo.
Ukubukeka Lesi sifo sibonakaliswa ubukhona bokunamathela okumhlophe, okusabalalisa kalula. Leli thala lingatholakala emaqabunga, efihlekile, amahlumela amancane nezimbali. Emva kwalokho, izindawo ezithintekayo ziqala ukuba mnyama bese zifa. I-fungus ingashintshela ngokushesha kwezinye izitshalo zohlobo olufanayo.
Izindlela zomzabalazo zihlanganisa ukwahlukanisa isitshalo esinegciwane futhi sichithe izindawo ezithintekile, emva kwalokho lesi sitshalo siphathwa ngamakhemikhali afanele.
Downy isikhutha
Ikhula kahle endaweni enomswakama kodwa ebandayo. Kungathinta izinhlobo ezithile zezitshalo, ezinjenge-primrose, calceolaria ne-gloxinia.
Izimpawu isebenza njengokuvela kwenhlanganisela emhlophe engafinyeleleki engxenyeni engezansi yamaqabunga. Ukuvimbela ukuqala kwalesi sifo, Ungagcwali inhlabathi, kanye nomoya ozungeze isitshalo. Isifo sezitshalo akufanele sifafazwe ngamanzi. Njengoba ukhunta uhlala ngaphakathi kwezicubu zamaqabunga, akunangqondo ukufafaza lesi sitshalo ngezidakamizwa ezahlukahlukene.
Umlenze omnyama
Lesi sifo sizibonakalisa ekusikeni kweziqu zezitshalo eziningi, kepha i-pelargonium ihlupheka ngaphezu kwakho konke. Ingenzeka ngenxa yomswakama ophezulu noma ukuthambeka ngokweqile kwenhlabathi, okuvimbela ukuhamba kwamahhala komswakama.
Izimpawu ukubonakala kwesifo esinjalo kungukufiphala kwesisekelo sesiqu, okukhombisa ukunqotshwa kwesikhunta saso uBotrytis.
Isiqu esithintekile kufanele sisuswe masisha bese kutshalwa okusha, ngenkathi siqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi noma umugqa omncane awumanzi kangako, futhi isiqu akufanele simbozwe ngefilimu noma ingilazi.
Ukubola okumpunga
I-grey rot fungus iyakwazi ukuvela ezimeni zomoya omanzi futhi ofudumele, ngenxa yendawo engalungile yesitshalo, ngoba ithambile. Okuthinteka kakhulu yizitshalo ezinamaqabunga amancane futhi athambile
Kungaba chrysanthemum, gloxinia, cyclamen nabanye.
Ukubukeka Lesi sifo singabonakala ngokuvela kobumba obumpunga ezihlahleni nasemaceleni, angakhuphukela emoyeni lapho kuvela imisinga enamandla yomoya. Umphumela wesilonda esinjalo kungenzeka kube mnyama kanye nokufa kwezindawo ezithintekile.
Izindlela zomzabalazo nalesi sifo, udinga ukususa ngokucophelela nangokucophelela indawo ethintekile. Emva kwalokhu, lesi sitshalo asifafazwa futhi singezwa kaningi, futhi igumbi livulelwa umoya njalo.
Ukugqwala
Lesi sifo sivela ezitshalweni ezifana ne-rose, fuchsia, pelargonium, njll.
Izimpawu ukugqwala kungahlonzwa ngokubonakala kwamaphaphu ezinsundu noma e-orange wart-ohlangothini olungaphezulu lweshidi. Zingakhishwa kalula ngesicoco somunwe, bese kuvela izindawo zazo ukukhanya.
Uma isitshalo sonakaliswe ukugqwala, kungcono ukusicekela phansi sonke isitshalo, hhayi nje izingxenye ezithintekile. Uma lesi sitshalo sinqabile futhi sibiza kakhulu, lapho-ke ungadinga ukwelapha isitshalo nge-fungic ehlelekile.
Isiqu sokubola
Ukuvela kwesikhunta esinjalo kunomthelela ekusakazweni kwawo ngokushesha, okuholela ekufeni kwesitshalo. Emva kwalokho, sonke isitshalo sikhiqizwa, kanye nebhodwe nenhlabathi.
Ukubukeka lesi sifo singanqunywa ngokuthambisa iziqu noma umqhele wonke, emva kwalokho ukubola kwenzeke. Kulokhu, sonke isitshalo singathinteka.
Izindlela zomzabalazo okunemibandela kakhulu futhi akunakulindeka ukusindisa lesi sitshalo, ngisho nasezingeni lokuqala lesifo.
Izindlela zokuvimbela ukugcina isitshalo sisesimweni esijwayelekile, ngenkathi sizama "ukusikhukhula" isitshalo, sigcine izinga lokushisa elifanele futhi sivule umoya njalo egumbini.
Ukufaka izithombo
Isisekelo salesi sifo isikhunta esithinta izisekelo zeziqu, kanye nezimpande zezithombo.
Izimpawu izifo ezinjalo izinguquko ekwakhekeni kweziqu esifundeni sohlelo lwezimpande, ngenxa yalokho eziqala ukubola, emva kwalokho kufe izitshalo ezincane.
Izindlela Zokuvimbela Isifo esinjalo sisebhanoyini lokugcina imithetho yegolide yokutshala imbewu: imbewu itshalwe emhlabathini oyinyumba, hhayi obukhulu kakhulu nangokunisela okuningi. Lapho nje lesi sifo siqala ukuzibonakalisa, izitshalo ezincane ezithintekayo ziyasuswa masinyane, bese ezinye zidluliselwa endaweni epholile, lapho igumbi lingena khona umoya njalo.
Ukubuka kweqabunga
Imbangela yokubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo ingaba zombili isikhunta namagciwane.
Kubonisiwe livela emaqabungeni e-dieffenbachia, i-citrus, i-dracaena kanye nezinye izitshalo zezindawo ezinamabala ansundu. Uma kungekho zinyathelo ezithathwayo, khona-ke lezi zingxenye zizokhula zihlangane endaweni eyodwa, ngenxa yalokho kuzoba nokuthinteka kweshidi lonke.
Izindlela zomzabalazo faka ukwelashwa kwesikhunta, kanye nokushiswa kwamaqabunga athintekile, emva kwalokho lesi sitshalo asisafafazwa futhi siniselwe amasonto ambalwa.
Yehla
Lesi sifo singumphumela wokuchithwa kwamanzi kwenhlabathi ngaphansi kwezimo eziphansi.
Kubonisiwe lokhu kubukeka njengokuvela kokukhula kukakhokho ngemuva kweqabunga.
Kungcono ukususa amaqabunga anezifo, ngoba ngeke athathe uhlobo lwawo lwangempela, futhi isitshalo ngokwaso kufanele sihanjiswe endaweni ekhanyiselwe ngokwengeziwe ngokuncipha komsebenzi wokunisela. Kulokhu, amaqabunga amasha akhula, aphile ngokuphelele.
Ukubola kwezimpande
Ama-Succulents, izihlahla zesundu, i-begonias, i-senpolia, njll azizinzile kwisifo esinjalo.
Izimpawu avele ngesimo sokuvela kwengqondo kumaqabunga noma iziqu, emva kwalokho isitshalo sesiqala ukubuna. Ngemuva kwalokho izindawo ezithintekayo ziba mnyama, ngenxa yalokho lesi sitshalo sifa. Lesi sifo sivela ngenxa yesifo sempande sefungus, esivela ngenxa yomswakama omkhulu womhlabathi.
Yilwa nempande ukubola kungenzeka kuphela ekuqaleni kokutholwa kwayo futhi kuphela ngendlela yokuhlinzwa, equkethe iqiniso lokuthi isitshalo sikhishwa embizeni futhi nezimpande ziyagezwa, kuthi emva kwalokho, ngommese obukhali, zonke izimpande ezithintekile zinqunywe. Ngemuva kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa ebhodweni elisha elinobuhlalu obusha. Imbiza enesitshalo kufanele ibekwe endaweni ekhanyayo, kodwa ngaphandle kwelanga ngqo. Ngokushesha lapho kuvela amahlumela amasha, lesi sitshalo kufanele siniselwe, kepha hhayi kumithamo emikhulu, ukuze singazidabuli ngokweqile.
Mnyama
Ukuvela okumnyama kwesikhunta kungavela ezindaweni lapho ama-aphid, ama-whiteflies noma ama-mealybugs ashiya ama-sweetish secretion.
Izimpawu avele ngesimo sokungeyona i-plaque enhle, engabeki ingozi kulesi sitshalo uqobo, kodwa ivala ingaphezulu kwamaqabunga kusuka ekungeneni kwelanga, okunqanda kakhulu lesi sitshalo.
Yilwa ngentambo emnyama iqukethe ngokusikhipha ngomshini ngezinsimbi ezimanzi, futhi ihlukanise izindawo ngamanzi afudumele afudumele. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kubalulekile ukuphatha ngesikhathi izitshalo kusuka ezinambuzaneni.
Tshala izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane
Izimila, njengomthetho, ziyagula esigabeni sokusakazeka kwazo ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, emva kwalokho zingena kwinethiwekhi yokusabalalisa.
Izimpawu ingahluka, kepha ngokuyisisekelo, ukutheleleka nakho kwehlisa ukukhula kwesitshalo noma isitshalo asikhuli kahle: iziqu zigoqiwe, nokukhula kuvinjelwe. Amachashazi noma imichilo yemibala ehlukahlukene ingavela emaqabungeni neziqu zesitshalo.
Izindlela zomzabalazo onesifo esinjalo asikho, ngoba isizathu asaziwa, ngakho-ke, kungaba ngcono uma isitshalo simane silahlwe.
Izinambuzane nokulawulwa kwezitshalo zasendlini - Video
