I-Areca

Isundu lomndeni ka-Arekov. Indawo yazo eyinhloko amahlathi emvula aseChina naseNdiya, futhi indawo yaseMalay Archipelago naseSolomon Islands. Ososayensi banezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-50, kanti izihlahla zesundu ze-areca ezimbalwa kuphela eziguqulwa ukuze zikhule ekhaya.

Lesi sitshalo esingajwayelekile sithatha igama laso ngamagama aso - igama lolwandle lwaseNdiya. I-Areca palm inesiqu esincane (kwezinye izinhlobo zezinhlobo zingaba ngaphezu kwesisodwa) izibazi ezisesimweni sendandatho zivame ukusondela esisekelweni saso. Amaqabunga akhiwe phezulu phezulu (afana ne-comb), amaqabunga uqobo aqondile. Zinezimo zezimpaphe ezinombala ogqamile ohlaza okotshani, ezihlobeni zezimbali nezihlahla zezifunda ezishisayo nezishubile.

Ama-inflorescence aqoqwe ngohlobo lwama-cobs (phezulu - owesilisa, ophansi - lowesifazane). Ngaphakathi kwakungujikijolo elineproteyini esesimweni sophondo. Imbewu yezimbali ze-areca inobuthi futhi ingadala umdlavuza wesisu ngokusetshenziswa njalo. Zibuye futhi zibe yingxenye ye-betel chewing gum, eyaziwa kakhulu eSoutheast Asia, esetshenziswa njenge-narcotic futhi ivuselela amandla.

Ukukhula kwesihlahla sesundu kuvame kakhulu ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zazo, isibonelo, i-Areca Dayung ingama-35 cm kuphela, kanti ezinye izinhlobo ezifuywayo zingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-12. Futhi lokhu akuwona umkhawulo - ngokwemvelo ziphakeme kakhulu.

Ukunakekelwa kwezihlahla zesundu e-Areca ekhaya

Inketho eyamukelekayo kakhulu ye-Areca efulethini ukukhanya okungafani. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kuvunyelwe, kepha kuphela ehlobo kanye nenani elilinganiselwe. Lapho nje ubona ukuthi amahlamvu asephendukile, futhi sekusha yonke indawo, kufanele uvimbele ukufinyelela ukukhanya. Amathuba okubuyisa imbali empilweni mancane kakhulu, kuvame kakhulu ukufela ezimeni ezinjalo. Lapho u-Areca efika eminyakeni eyisithupha ubudala, umelana nokukhanya kwelanga futhi akafanga ngenxa yokushiswa, kepha umane aguqula umbala. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kwesundu se-areca ekhaya kuzoqinisekisa ukukhula okuzinzile nokusheshayo, ukwakheka komqhele okusebenzayo kanye nokubukeka okunempilo.

Futhi, uma ufuna ukuthi isihlahla sesundu siqhakaze ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, lapho sigcinwe elangeni futhi singenasithunzi, kufanelekile ukukuqinisekisa ukuwa ngasohlangothini zombili, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzodingeka ukuthi ujikeleze njalo imbali (ngokunokwenzeka kanye noma kabili njalo ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa).

Ukushisa komoya lapho unakekela i-areca ekhaya kubaluleke kakhulu njengazo zonke ezinye izinto. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lesundu le-Areca lingama-35 °, elingatholakali esimweni sezulu sethu. Ngakho-ke, kuhle uma ungagcina okungenani i-23-24 °. Ekushiseni okuhlala isikhathi eside okungu-0 °, imbali ingahle ikwazi ukumelana futhi izoqala ukufa ngokuthula, imbali endala iyafa ngo-10 °. Uma lokushisa kungokwesikhashana (izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu), khona-ke kukhona ithuba lokulondoloza isitshalo.

Njengoba ukhumbula, izihlahla zesundu zivela ezindaweni ezishisayo futhi zisetshenziselwa umswakama ophezulu, okufanele ugcinwe efulethini ledolobha. Imbali iyakwazi ukugcina ukubukeka kwayo okungajwayelekile ngisho nomswakama ophansi. "Ukuqonda kanjani ukuthi awunawo umswakama?" - uyabuza. Elula kakhulu: indawo yamahlamvu incishiswa kakhulu, bese etholakalayo yome ngokushesha.

Ukunisela i-areca lapho ushiya ekhaya kudingekile kuphela lapho impande yawo yomile kancane. Isundu linobuhlakani obukhulu - lingafa uma uhlala ulithela ngamanzi alukhuni. Futhi lapha unokuphuma okuningana - ungakwazi ukuqoqa amanzi emvula (kodwa i-e1y isadinga ukufakwa) noma uyithulule ngamanzi afakwe ebhodleleni.

Kufanele wazi ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko sokufa kwesitshalo ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhulayo efulethini ukuthambisa ngokweqile. Uma kukhona isoso ngaphansi kwembiza lapho uketshezi luqongelela khona, imane isuswe ngemuva kokuniselwa. Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele ihlale emanzini - izimpande ziqala ukubola bese isihlahla sesundu sife. Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokubola ngumbala omnyama ongaphezulu kwamaqabunga nesiqu se-Areca.

Ngakho-ke, inhlabathi kumele iqinisekise ukuchitheka okuhle kwamanzi (qiniseka ukuthi iphuma ngokushesha emgodini wokudonsa). Kungaba hlangothi noma acidic.

Ochwepheshe baluleke ukuthi balungiselele lo inhlabathi elandelayo: isidlo sethambo, amagxolo kaphayini wamaphayini, amalahle, amatshe amatshe (itshe elichotshoziwe le-dolomite lingasetshenziswa esikhundleni salokho), i-perlite ne-coarse peat. I-Pumice ne-perlite asetshenziswa njengezindlela eziyinhloko zokwelapha i-Areca, uma kwenzeka kuphuthumayo, engeza enhlabathini yesitshalo esinegciwane.

Kuhle ukufaka esikhundleni sesihlahla sesundu lapho izimpande zigcwalise wonke imbiza. Abalimi abanesipiliyoni bayalulekwa ukuthi baphinde inqubo ngo-Ephreli futhi baqiniseke ukuyigcina ingekho emhlabathini. Isitshalo esidala sidinga ukufakelwa kuphela njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Intsha kumele yenziwe inqubo efanayo minyaka yonke. Khetha ngokucophelela ivolumu lembiza - ngokobukhulu besitshalo, futhi futhi akunconywa ngokuqinile ukushintsha izinga lomhlabathi.

Ngemuva kokufakelwa, intende idinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela - ungakhohlwa ukuyondla ngamanyolo wezimbali njalo emavikini amabili ukusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Agasti (isikhathi sezitshalo).

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Areca chrysalidocarpus: isithombe nencazelo

Uhlobo lomndeni wakwa-Arekov, olukhula ekhaya nasezivandeni. Igama laso lesibili yi-chrysalidocarpus ephuzi. Indawo yokuhlala yayo yemvelo iyindawo ezishisayo yesiqhingi saseMadagascar. Kulesi zinhlobo ze-areca palm, isisekelo sigcwele, iziqu zinesimo sesihlahla, futhi amaqabunga anomusa aluhlaza ngombala omfushane futhi anezimpaphe.

Iziqu zeSmooth zingakhula zifike kumamitha ayi-10, amahlamvu - afinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ubude kanye nemitha eyodwa ububanzi. I-Palma ingena kahle ngaphakathi kwezindlu zezindlu ezibanzi namahhovisi ebhizinisi, ibanikeze induduzo nobunzima. Bheka lezi zinhlobonhlobo zesundu ze-areca esithombeni:

Isimbali sithanda ukukhanya okukhulu, kepha ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kufanele kugwenywe, ngakho-ke kungcono kakhulu ukusetshenziswa. Zama ukugcina amazinga okushisa egumbi unyaka wonke endaweni yokuhlala yesundu, okuzovumela lesi sitshalo ukuthi sikhule futhi sikhule ngendlela evamile. Ehlobo, ungayikhiphela ngaphandle, kepha emthunzini kuphela. Ebusika, kuhle ukubheka ukuthi amazinga okushisa asekamelweni awaphansi kune-23 °, futhi igumbi lihlala linomthombo wokukhanya okukhanyayo.

Ngokungafani nabalingani bayo basezindaweni ezishisayo, inhlobo efanayo kufanele ilondoloze umswakama omuhle ehlobo - inhlama yenhlabathi kufanele ibe nomswakama njalo, ungafaka ngisho isoso ngamanzi phansi. Ebusika, umthamo wokunisela uncishiswa ube kabili ngosuku.

Ukufakelwa kufanele kwenziwe kuphela uma imbiza yangaphambilini iba mincane kakhulu noma amaphothi eqala ukukhula izimpande ezintsha (kepha lokhu kumele kwenziwe kuphela entwasahlobo). Inhlabathi ine acidic kancane.

Ungasabalalisa umuthi wesundu ngokutshala imbewu noma ngokuhlukanisa izimpande. Uma ugcina imbewu etshaliwele emazingeni okushisa okungenani angama-25 °, khona-ke emva kwenyanga nesigamu uzobona amahlumela okuqala. Kepha khumbula nje ukuthi esigabeni sokuqala nangesikhathi sokukhula kwaso kuyadingeka ukufaka umquba amahlandla ambalwa ngenyanga ngomanyolo wezimbali.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Areca catechu: isithombe nencazelo

Ama-Areca catechu ahlukahlukene akhula emazweni asezindaweni ezishisayo oLwandlekazi iPacific, Asia naseMpumalanga Afrika. Lolu hlobo lwesihlahla sesundu lubizwa nangokuthi isihlahla se-betel, ngoba izithelo zazo zivame ukuhlafunwa kanye namaqabunga e-betel. Uma uqhathanisa nabanye abafowethu, izihlahla zesundu zincane impela - zingamamitha angama-20 kuphela, kanti isiqu sincane ngisho nangaphezulu - kuphela amasentimitha ayi-10. Amacembe amakhulu wesimo se-feathery angafinyelela amamitha amabili. Ngezansi izithombe ze-Areca Catechu:

I-Areca palm catechu ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza izingadi nezikhala zazo. Ibuye isetshenziswe emakamelweni amakhulu anjengehhotela noma izindawo ezinkulu zokuthenga. Kepha iqiniso ukuthi likhula ngaphakathi endlini kancane kancane, okusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uthole noma yiziphi izithelo kulo.

Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwembewu ye-areca, njengakwezinye izinhlobo, kuyayilulaza - lesi simo sijwayelekile kubahlali baseThailand, eTaiwan, eVietnam, ePhilippines, eMalaysia naseNdiya. Ukusetshenziswa kaningi kubangela umdlavuza womlomo.