I-Gloxinia iyimbali enhle kakhulu ekhuliswa ngabantu abaningi. Unombala ohlukahlukene ohlukile nokwakheka kwembali. IGloxinia yigama elidumile, ngokwesayensi kuzwakala njengeSinningia. Isitshalo esivela emndenini wakwaGesneriev, esinezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-60. Cabanga ukuthi ungayitshala kanjani kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ekhaya.
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu
Okusaba kakhulu kwakuyinhlobo eyodwa kuphela - iSinningia enhle. Uhlobo lukhokho lokudalwa kokuzala iningi lesimanje, elinemibala eminingi yezimbali.
Ungathenga imbali enjalo cishe kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezimbali noma esikhungweni sengadi. Kodwa-ke, akushibhile. Kepha kukhona okunye. Ngiyakwazi ikhule le mbali emangalisa imbewu, ikakhulukazi njengoba inzalo ye-gloxinia enkabeni yengadi mikhulu kakhulu kunezitshalo ezindala esezikhulile.
Yi-Gloxinia the Perfect ehlukahlukene eyakha isisekelo sembewu eminingi yale mbaliNgaphezu kwalokho, kwiphakeji elilodwa kuzoba nezinhlamvu eziningana kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-5, kuya ngomkhiqizi. Ngakho-ke, wonke umuntu angakhetha i-gloxinia ngendlela abayithandayo. Futhi uma uthanda ukuchitha isikhathi ngezimbali, ke ukukhula kwe-gloxinia icishe ibe ephelele.
Ukusakazwa kwemifino kwe-Gloxinia
Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe imbali kusetshenziswa le ndlela elula kakhulu, futhi ilungele ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya. Ngesikhathi sokusakazwa kokutshala imifino, ingxenye ethile yesitshalo iyathathwa futhi, kuye ngokuthi iyiphi indlela, ingasatshalaliswa ukusikwa kwamaqabunga, ukusikwa kwesiqu, ukujikeleza kwezitho zomzimba kanye nokuhlukaniswa kweshubhu.
Le ndlela yokuzala iyakhiqiza, ngoba ngesizini ezayo ungabona ukuqhakaza. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi vele useyingxenye eyakhiwe yesitshalo yidla izakhamzimba ezanelekanye nama-macro kanye nama-micronutrients.
Lapho ingxenye efudumele yentyatyambo ifinyelelwa, ngokushesha iqala ukwakha uhlelo oluncane lwezimpande futhi ikhule. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela ilungele cishe wonke umuntu, futhi ngisho nabalimi abaqalayo kanye nama-amateurs nje.
Leaf petiole
Ngale ndlela, amaqabunga aphansi kufanele athathwe, bakhiwe kangcono kunabancanyana. Lapho likhula i-petiole, lishesha futhi libe ngcono. Njengoba inezakhamzimba eziningi. Futhi, ukwakheka kobukhulu be-tuber kuzoncika ekuqineni kwe-petiole.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokusakaza usebenzisa i-petiole yamaqabunga.
Emanzini
Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-petiole kumele icwiliswe emanzini, kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-1-2, ngoba lapho kungekho khona i-oxygen eyanele emanzini, i-petiole ingavele iqale ukubola. Ngakho-ke i-petiole kufanele ime kuze kube yilapho isungula uhlelo oluncane lwezimpande, khona-ke idinga ukutshalwa emhlabathini wezakhi ukuze ingabi ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-2-3.
Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi ukucwiliswa okuthe xaxa emanzini kuzoholela ekuwohlokeni kokusikwa.Kuyadingeka ukuqapha ngokucophelela umswakama osemhlabathini, njengoba izitshalo ezisencane ezizayo, nezimpande ezingekakhiwa kahle futhi zingomile. Kulokhu, kungcono ukumboza imbiza nge-petiole ngesikhwama noma ngembiza evele obala.
Lokhu kuzokwenza lula ukunakekelwa esikhathini sokuqala futhi kudale i-microclimate efanele yesitshalo.
Emhlabathini
Ngendlela yesibili, i-petiole ingabiliswa ngohlobo oluthile lokuvuselela izimpande (izimpande, i-heteroauxin, njll.) Noma namalahle kwifomu le-powder futhi atshalwe emhlabathini. Ukusuka phezulu kungenzeka futhi amboze ngesikhwama noma embizeni.
Ukuze ukwakhiwa kwe-mizizi kanye ne-tuber kwenzeke ngendlela ephumelelayo ngangokunokwenzeka, kubalulekile ukugcina umbuso wokushisa. Izinga lokushisa kufanele lisuke ku-22 degrees Celsius. Ngokuya ngalo mthetho, i-petiole ingangena izimpande phakathi namasonto okuqala noma amathathu, khona-ke ingasuswa.
Ukumboza imbali ngephakethe kudala ukuqina kokushisa okufaneleUma ufuna ukusuka ku-petiole hhayi eyodwa, kodwa izitshalo ezimbili, ke kuyadingeka hlukanisa kube kubili. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, amaqhubu aphumelelayo azoba mancane, yize ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile azothola isisindo esidingekayo, ukubekezela okuyinhloko.
Ungakhula kanjani kusuka ku-cut stem
Izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-Gloxinia ziyakwazi ukwakha amahlumela akamuva. Lapho kuvela amahlumela anjalo, aqine kakhulu ayasala bese ehlukana. Isiqu esinjalo sesiqu empeleni siyisitshalo esihlukile, kodwa kuphela ngaphandle kohlelo lwezimpande.
I-Rooting yenziwa ngendlela efanayo ne-petioles yamaqabunga. Ngokukhula kahle kwezimpawu nokunakekelwa okufanele, izimbali zingatholakala kulo nyaka.
Isigaxa seLeaf
Kungenziwa ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- Anqume elinye lamaqabunga amakhulu ekushintsheni kwe-petiole. Ukuguqula i-blade leqabunga ngaphezulu, udinga ukwenza ukuvuvukala emithanjeni emikhulu. Iqabunga elinjalo kufanele libekwe enhlabathini enomswakama futhi lenze amazinga okushisa aphezulu (+ 25) nomswakama ophezulu (hhayi ongaphansi kuka-70%).
Ezindaweni zokusikeka, izimpande ezincane, bese amaqhubu, zakheka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Sika ishidi elikhulu kunazo zonke bese ulihlukanisa izingxenye ezimbili noma ezintathu. Kulula ukuhlukanisa iqabunga leqabunga emithanjeni. Ngemuva kwalokho izingxenye ezitholakalayo zeqabunga zitshalwa enhlabathini noma engxenyeni yenhlabathi futhi imbozwe ngeziqukathi ukuze kulondolozwe umswakama ozinzile kanye nokushisa.
Ukuze ukhula lwenhlanganisela kungaba semhlabathini engeza i-peat, ukhukhunathi, i-vermiculite noma i-perlite. Ziyanezelwa ukuze inhlabathi iphefumule, ukudala ama-pores osayizi oyifunayo. Yimhlabathi engavundile, kanti amagciwane ahlukahlukene angahlala emhlabathini, okungadala ukubola kweqabunga leqabunga emhlabathini.
Isiqu sezimbali
Ngale ndlela yokusabalalisa, i-peduncle isetshenziswa, osevele wanyamalala. Kuyadingeka ukusika i-peduncle phansi bese uyibeka esitsheni ngamanzi. Ukudepha akufanele kudlule amasentimitha ayi-1-1,5. Isiqu sezimbali akufanele sithinte izindonga zesitsha.
Ngemuva kokuzinza emanzini, i-peduncle nayo itshalwe emhlabathini ngokuhambisana nazo zonke izimoNgaphansi kwalezi zimo, i-peduncle ingakhiqiza izimpande, bese udinga ukwenza ngayo ngendlela efanayo nange-petiole yeqabunga. Faka enhlabathini bese udala yonke imibandela edingekayo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kude nazo zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-gloxinia zinokuzala ngale ndlela. Ngakho-ke, ukusakazwa kwe-peduncle kudinga isipiliyoni nokubukwa.
I-Tuber
Uma i-tuber yezimbali inkulu ngokwanele, khona-ke ingahlukaniswa izingxenye eziningi, kepha kaningi izimbili. Isidingo esikhona kuzoba ukuthi kube khona amahlumela adonsayo ku-tuber. Okungenani 1 ukuphunyuka okunjalo kumele kube yingxenye ehlukanisiwe.
Ukulungiselela iTuber | |
| Indawo yokwahlukana | Kuyadingeka ukufafaza ngamalahle powder bese ulinda kuze kube owomile. Kule nqubo kuzothatha izinsuku ezingama-3-5 |
| Isitoreji | Endaweni emnyama endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni |
| Ukwehlulwa nokunakekelwa | Ngemuva kwalokho, ishubhu elinehlumela litshalwe enhlabathini yezakhi. Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe njengesitshalo esidala. |
Ukusakazeka okudala - Ukutshala imbewu
Le ndlela yokusabalalisa ifaka ukukhula kumbewu. Kwenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Ukuze kuhlume kangcono, imbewu ingafakwa emanzini, lapho ungangeza enye yalokho eyaziwayo amalungiselelo wokuvusa izitshalo.
Ungangena emanzini afudumele ngokushisa okufika kuma-40 degrees Celsius. Ukusebenza okunjalo kuzothambisa igobolondo lembewu futhi kufake isandla ekuvuseleleni izinqubo zokuphila. Imbewu akufanele icwiliswe ngokuphelele emanzini. Uma kungekho umoya-mpilo, zingabumba zibole. Ngakho-ke, ungasebenzisa ama-pads ekotini noma i-gauze.
Ukuhlwanyela
Uma une-phytolamp, eyenzelwe ngqo ukukhanyisela izitshalo, khona-ke ukuhlwanyela kungenziwa ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari noma ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari. Kokunye lo msebenzi wenziwa ngoMashi.
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngesandla. Njengoba mncane impela, adinga ukuhlwanyelwa phezu kwenhlabathi. Imbewu imila ekukhanyeni. Isendlalelo sokuhlwanyelwa kufanele sibe sesimweni esimanzi, futhi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthintana kwembewu enhlabathini, kudingeka icindezelwe kancane. Ngemuva kwalokho amboze ngesikhwama noma ifilimu elisobala.
Kulokhu, imbiza ingambozwa nge-cellophane ukuze kulondolozwe izinga lokushisa olifunayo.Imbewu ibekwa endaweni ekhanyayo neyifudumele. Izinga lokushisa kufanele libe phakathi kwama-24 kuya kwangama-25 degrees. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, ukuhluma kwembewu kuqala emavikini ayi-1.5 kuye kwayi-2. Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi kunesidingo, khona-ke ukuhluma ingavela kuphela emva kwenyanga nokuningi.
Khetha
Ukuthathwa kokuqala kwe-gloxinia kwenziwa cishe inyanga ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ama-rudimentary (cotyledons). Isikimu esifanelekile sokukhetha izitshalo ngu-2 ngamasentimitha amabili. Inhlabathi yalokhu kufanele ibe lula futhi i-porous.
Ukuthathwa kwesibili kuyenziwa inyanga ngemuva kweyokuqalalapho kuvela amapheshana wangempela. Uma izithombo zikhiqizwe, khona-ke izithombo kufanele zisatshalwe ngokushesha zibe ngamabhodwe amancane ahlukene. Izimbiza ezilungele i-cacti.
Inketho enhle yedive yesibili - amabhodwe amancane avela obalaIzinga lokushisa akufanele libe ngaphansi kwama-degrees angama-20. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamabili wamapheshana angempela, ungadlulisela endaweni esivele unomphela.
Ukuze ungenzi ukukhetha esigabeni seqabunga le-cotyledon, imbewu idinga Hlwanyela kude kwe-4 cm ngaphandle komunye nomunye. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga ambalwa amaqabunga eqiniso, i-gloxinia ingatshalwa ngokushesha ebhodweni elikhulu endaweni ehlala njalo.
Izimo ngemuva kokuhlwanyela
Ukunakekelwa okulandelayo kwe-gloxinia kuqukethe ukubuka umbuso wokushisa, ngenkathi kunesidingo sokuqapha isimo senhlabathi, kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sibe nomswakama. Ungavumeli inhlabathi yomile ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezitshalo, ngaphandle kwalokho izithombo zingafa. Bazwela kakhulu.
Ukuze ungahlumi izithombo, izitshalo kufanele zibe sendaweni ekhanyayo kahle. Ingxenye esemoyeni ye-gloxinia ngesikhathi sokuqala sokukhula kungenzeka ingakhombisi ukukhula okuqinile, kusukela ishubhu likhula nalo, Lokhu futhi kufanele kubhekwe lapho kukhula.
Ukuzindla ngokweqile kuzokwenza imbali igule nge-bola noma nge-fusariumAmaqabunga akufanele ahlangane nenhlabathi, futhi i-tuber kufanele ibukeke kancanyana kuyo. Ukunisela ngaphansi kwezimpande, ukugwema ukuwa phezu kwamaqabunga. Inhlabathi akufanele ibe nomswakama omningi futhi igweme ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kumaqabunga e-gloxinia.
Isikhathi sokuphumula seGloxinia
Elinye lamaphuzu aphambili ekukhuleni kwe-gloxinia isikhathi sokuphumula sembali. Uma isimo esiyinhloko singatholakali, isitshalo siyonikeza impendulo (nje kungaqhakaza).
Isikhathi sasebusika e-gloxinia siqala ukuzungeza ukuwa, lapho sesiphela. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbali ibamba kancane ukukhula kwayo, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi futhi omile. Ama-buds awaboshiwe.
Ungazami ukushaya uvalo uma amaqabunga ebala ewile - mhlawumbe isitshalo siphumuleUkuze udale izimo ezifanele, kuyadingeka ukuncipha amaqabunga, ngakho-ke, wonke amabutho imbali ayoqondiswa ekuqongeleleni izakhi ezikwi-tuber, ezizonikela ebusika obuhle.
Isikhathi esihle sokwenza lo msebenzi maphakathi no-Okthoba nokuqala kukaNovemba.
Amanye ama-gloxinia asefinyelele eminyakeni engaphezu konyaka owodwa awahlali efuna ukuya ekuphumuleni. Kulokhu, udinga ukusiza isitshalo. Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa inani lokunisela, faka lesi sitshalo endaweni epholile futhi enomthunzi omncane.
Lapho lesi sitshalo sinciphisa ukukhula kwalo, singabekwa eceleni ukuze sigcinwe. Gcina i-tuber yezitshalo ku-12-16 degrees Celsius.
Ukuvuka kweTuber
I-Gloxinia kungenzeka iphumule kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kweziyi-5. Ngemuva kokudlula kwalomzuzu, nezilimo eziyizigaxa ziqala ukuvuka bese amahlumela aqhume kuwo. Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuvusa i-gloxinia nguFebhuwari-Mashi.
Ekuvukeni, izimbali ziqala ukuhluma amahlumela amashaEsimweni lapho i-gloxinia tuber ingavukanga (ngokwesibonelo, kuze kube ngoMeyi), khona-ke kuyadingeka ukwenza lokhu ngendlela yokufakelwa. I-tuber yezimbali kufanele ifakwe esikhwameni esisobala, ithulule inhlabathi yezakhi lapho isesimweni somswakama.
Isikhwama kufanele sifakwe endaweni ekhanyiswe ngokwanele, ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo akufanele kuvunyelwe.. Kumaviki awu-1-2 alandelayo, amahlumela amancane azovela kwi-tuber.
Ngemuva kokuthi ishubhu selisuliwe, lingagezwa kuxazululo lwe-potanganum permanganate ye-disinfection, lisuse izimpande ezindala, kepha udinga ukushiya ubukhulu bawo. Bese utshala vele enhlabathini endaweni ehlala njalo.
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-tuber ayikwazi ukufafazwa ngokuphelele ngenhlabathi, kuphela cm 1. Ukuhluma kuyasebenza futhi. Ekuqaleni, ukuchelela kufanele kube okulinganiselayo, ukuze i-tuber ingaboli.
Uma kuvela amahlumela amaningana, kunconywa ukukhetha okuqine kakhulu, okusele - ukukhiphe ukuze ubambeUma i-tuber ingakhethi hhayi eyodwa kodwa amahlumela amaningana, ngakho-ke kungcono ukushiya onamandla. Isitshalo sizoncintisana kakhulu, futhi izimbali zikhulu. Ama-cutout amahlumela angagxilwa ngesikhuni se-stem ngokwendlela echazwe ngenhla.
Abathandi ikakhulukazi bakhulisa i-gloxinia ukuthola izitshalo ezinezimbali ezinhle nokusakazeka okwengeziwe besebenzisa indlela yezitshalo. Ochwepheshe lapho kukhula imbali bangathola imbewu yabo yezitshalongaleyo ndlela kuholele ekukhetheni kwayo i-gloxinia.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ochwepheshe sebevele bazi zonke izici nezinto ezicashile zokukhula nokuzala futhi bangaxazulula kalula izinkinga ekuhambeni. Ezitshalweni, izikhathi ezincane ezinjalo zingabamba iqhaza elibalulekile, kubo konke kudinga ukwenziwa ngendlela yesikhathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi imicimbi elindelekile.
Ukukhula kwembewu akuyona eyabaqalayo, ngoba kudinga ulwazi olwengeziwe namakhono ekunakekelweni kwezimbaliUkukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni yinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi edla isikhathi kunokukhula isetshenziswa okusakazayo. Uma kune-tuber ngesinye isikhathi sinciphise isikhathi sokwakhiwa kwamahlumela amashakanye nokunakekelwa kwezitshalo okuncishisiwe.
Uma ukufakelwa kwezimbali kusondele ngempela kuwe, funda ngokukhulisa ezinye izimbali. Isibonelo, sikhulume ngokuthi ungazalela kanjani uDracaena ekhaya. Ukutshala imbewu ye-gloxinia kudinga ulwazi namakhono athile. Kepha uma ungumlimi wezinceku ngenhliziyo, khona-ke kuwe kuzoba isikhathi esimnandi kwaphela.
