Yidla iplamu - ujabule

I-Plum yisihlahla sezithelo somndeni weRosaceae. Ayenzeki endle, ngokwesiko elaziwa iminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili. Kwaqhamuka lapho kuwele khona ameva nama-plums e-cherry. Itshalwa kuyo yonke indawo, ngoba lesi sitshalo esitshaliwe sibonisa ngokuvuthwa kwangaphambi kokukhiqiza, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye nokuvumelana nezimo okuhle enhlabathini nasezimeni zezulu.

I-Plum (lat. Prúnus) - Uhlobo lwezitshalo zamatshe ezithelo, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezinjengePlum, Cherry, Peach, Apricot, Almond nezinye. Imvamisa kubhekiselwa kuyo i-subfamily Plum (lat. Prunoideae) noma i-Almond (lat. Amygdaloideae) umndeni Pink (lat. Rosaceae). Izinhlobo eziyikhulu zamapulangwe ziyaziwa, zisatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo zomhlaba ezisenyakatho.

Amacembe alula, ama-lanceolate, afakwe emaphethelweni. Izimbali zivame ukuba mhlophe noma zipinki, zibe nezinhlamvu ezinhlanu kanye namathuna amahlanu, zodwa noma izambulela ezivela kuma-inflorescence amabili kuya kwayisithupha..

Izithelo ziyi-drupe enamathambo amakhulu.

© YAMAMAYA

Ukutshala iplamu

Iplum, empeleni, ingatshalwa zombili ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Kodwa-ke, maphakathi neRussia ngesikhathi sokutshala ekwindla, izithombo azinaso isikhathi sokuthatha izimpande futhi ziqinise kahle futhi zivame ukubanda ebusika. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukutshala lesi sitshalo entwasahlobo.

Imigodi yokufakelwa ilungiswa kusuka ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo amasonto ama-2 ngaphambi kokutshala. Zimbiwe ngokujula okuyi-60 cm kanye no-60-70 cm. Inhlabathi ekhishwe emgodini ixubene kahle ne-humus ngesilinganiso 2: 1 futhi le ngxube ithululelwa emgodini.

Isigaxa sokhuni sifakwa phakathi enkabeni yomgodi, lapho okubotshwa khona isithombo. Ubekwe ohlangothini olusenyakatho lwesigxobo futhi ungcwatshwe ukuze intamo yezimpande (lapho izimpande ziphela khona kanye nesiqu kuqala) kungama-cm cm angama-7 ngaphezu kobuso bomhlaba. Izimpande zimbozwe ungqimba olungaphezulu lomhlabathi ngaphandle komanyolo, luboshwe kancane ngezandla zakho njengoba ungeza ukuze ungazungezi izimpande kwakukhona okuzwakalayo.

Umuthi otshaliwe uniselwa kakhulu, khona-ke ingaphezulu lomhlabathi olizungezile lifakwe ungqimba lwe-peat noma umquba. Lapho utshala iplamu, unake la maphuzu amathathu alandelayo.

Musa ukufaka umanyolo onamandla emgodini wokutshala.: esimweni esihle kakhulu, bazovusa ukukhula kwamagatsha kulimaze izithelo, kubi kakhulu - bangashisa izimpande.

Ngemuva kokutshala, intamo yezimpande yesithombo kufanele ibe ekuphakameni kuka-cm cm ngaphezu komhlabathi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho inhlabathi ihlala, intamo yezimpande iyoba sezingeni lomhlabathi.

Ukufika okubuye kubukelwe kubi ngamaplamu, ngoba kungaholela ekuvuthweni kwamagxolo nokucindezelwa kwesihlahla, okuthi, ekugcineni, kube nomthelela omubi ukukhula kanye nokwenza izithelo.

Izinhlobo ze-plum ezindala zidinga ukushesha ukubekwa ezigxotsheni eminyakeni emibili yokuqala ngemuva kokutshala. Igebe eliphakathi kwesigxobo kanye nesiqu somhlwanyelo kufanele kube ngamasentimitha ayi-15. Isithombo siboshelwe esigxotsheni nge-twine ethambile ngesikhathi esingamasentimitha angama-30. Musa ukusebenzisa ucingo noma ezinye izinto ezingalimaza amagxolo esihlahla. Eminyakeni emibili yokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile uhlole ukuthi i-twine ayeluliwe yini ngokuqinile esiqiniseleni futhi ayiweleli ku-bark njengoba ikhula. Lapho-ke izingodo zingasuswa.

Ukunakekelwa

Iminyaka yokuqala engama-2-3 ngemuva kokutshala, izihlahla zisebenzisa izakhi ezethulwe emgodini wokutshala. Eminyakeni elandelayo, umanyolo wamaminerali ne-organic ungezelelwa embuthanweni wesiqu. Umbuthano we-trunk kwesinye isikhathi uyakhulula futhi uchithe uhlaza lokhula.

I-Plum iphendula kumanyolo. Entwasahlobo yokuqala nangemuva kokuqhakaza, kufakwa umanyolo we-nitrogen, okufaka isandla ekukhuleni kwesihlahla. Ukusuka engxenyeni yesibili yokukhula, kunezelwa umquba we-nitrogen-potash ne-phosphorus-potassium, okudingekayo ekuqongeleleni izakhi zomzimba. Ekwindla, ngaphansi kokumba inhlabathi, kufakwa umanyolo we-organic ne-phosphorus-potash.

Ukunakekela izihlahla ezivuthiwe kuhlanganisa nokuncipha nokuthena.

Isinyathelo esibalulekile sokunakekelwa kwe-plum ukususwa okujwayelekile kwamahlumela ezimpande, okungavela ngamanani amakhulu endaweni engaba amamitha amathathu emhlabeni nesihlahla futhi kubangele ukuphazamiseka okuningi engadini. Kufanele isuswe izikhathi ezingama-4-5 phakathi nehlobo ukuze ihlumela lezimpande lingasenzi buthaka isitshalo somama futhi linganciphisi isivuno salo. Ukuze ulwe ngempumelelo nezimpande zezimpande, kunconywa ukuthi ugaye ngokucophelela ungqimba olungaphezulu lwenhlabathi uye endaweni lapho ihlumela lenyuka lisuka ohlelweni lwezimpande zesihlahla, bese umane ulisuse ezimpandeni. Lokhu kuzonciphisa kakhulu ukwakheka kwehlumela entsha yezimpande.

Izithelo ze-plum ezimcwathile

Izinhlobo eziningi zama-plums zinempahla eyodwa engathandeki - imvamisa yokwenza izithelo. Umehluko kwisivuno ngesizini nonyaka ungazanywa ukukala usebenzisa inqubo elula kangaka ye-agrotechnical njengezithelo ezinciphile. Eminyakeni lapho kunamaqanda amaningi kakhulu, kunconywa ukuba unciphise izithelo ngaphambi kokuba ziqale ukugcwaliswa. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi yezitshalo engcono kakhulu yesikhathi samanje futhi kugcinwe izakhi zesitshalo esilandelayo. Inani elikhulu lezithelo liyingozi futhi ngenxa yokuthi amagatsha ezithelo angaqhekeka ngaphansi kwesisindo sazo.

Izithelo ezinciphile kufanele zibe sezitebhisini ezimbili: ekuqaleni kukaJuni, ngokushesha nje lapho amaqanda esanda kwakhiwa, futhi maphakathi no-Julayi, lapho amaplamu eqala ukuthela. Okokuqala, izihlahla zezithelo ezilimele nezinezifo ziyasuswa. Zonke ezinye zinciphile, zishiya cishe u-7 cm phakathi kwezithelo, ukuze amaplamu athulule ngaphandle kokuthintana.

Ukuxhaswa Kwegatsha

Uma, ngaphandle kokuncipha, umthwalo esihlahleni uhlala umkhulu, amagatsha kufanele aqiniswe ngokusekelwa. Beka indawo lapho ukusekelwa kuthintana khona negatsha, impahla ethambile. Lokhu kuzovikela ukuthi igatsha lingagudli ngokuhlasela izilinganiso zazo, ezingalimaza amagxolo futhi zibangele ukuthi nomuthi ungenwe yizifo zepulamu.

Ukuthena izihlahla

Lapho uthamba izihlahla, amaphuzu amabili abalulekile okufanele uwacabangele: okokuqala, indlela oyifunayo yokukhula ofuna ukuyinikeza iplamu, futhi okwesibili, ukuthi unganciphisa kanjani ingozi yokuthola izifo, ezinjenge-white bola noma isifo sezinsini.

Ukuze ungabeki lesi sitshalo engcupheni yokubola okumhlophe nesifo sezinsini, kuyanconywa ukunquma hhayi ekwindla, kepha entwasahlobo kusanda kuqala noma ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwamaqabunga, noma ngisho nasekuqalekeni kwehlobo, lapho kungenawo amazinga okushisa abalulekile ebusuku athinta kabi amanxeba amukelwe izihlahla ngenxa yokuthena izihlahla . Izicucu kufanele zenziwe ngommese obukhali noma zibone ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka, siqaphele ukuthi zingalimazi izinkuni. Lapho kugaywa amagatsha amakhulu, izindawo zokusikeka noma ukusikeka ziphathwa nge-var var yengadi. Amagatsha agulayo nawomisiwe ayashisa.

Amasu wokuthena ancike esimweni isitshalo afuna ukusinikeza.. Ukwakheka kwamaplamu amancane e-pyramidal ahlukile kakhulu ngokuthenwa komqhele osesihlahleni noma izihlahla ezinde.

Izihlahla zokuthenwa kwe-pyramidal

Ukunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka ngezifo ze-plum, kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe izihlahla zokuqala zasehlobo, ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwamahlumela. Ingxenye engenhla yesiqu isikiwe, ishiye cishe amasentimitha angama-60 ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi. Ukusikwa kwenziwa ngqo ngaphezulu kwezinso. Izinso ezitholakala ngokushesha ngaphansi kwesihlahla esingaphezulu kwesithombo esifushane siyasuswa. Ngaso leso sikhathi, okungenani izinso ezingaphezulu kwezingu-3-4 kufanele zihlale ngaphansi kwalezi zinso ezimbili ezingenhla esiqwini.

Kumaplamu angenele inkathi yezithelo, ukuthenwa okukhanyayo kuyenziwa, inhloso enkulu yawo ukugcina usayizi wesihlahla oyifunayo kanye nomumo womqhele okhethiwe. Kunconywa ukufiphaza amahlumela amasha asemuva, ashiye amaqabunga ayisithupha kuwo: lokhu kuzothuthukisa izithelo kuwo ngonyaka olandelayo. Lapho isiqu sifinyelela ekuphakameni okungamamitha ayi-2,5, siyancishiswa ukuze i-apex ibude bemitha ukusuka egatsheni eliphakeme kunawo wonke.

Lapho kuthathwa, amagatsha omisiwe futhi aphukile nawo ayasuswa, abese eshiswa.

Isihlahla se-plum noma isihlahla eside

Ukuze ungabeki lesi sitshalo engcupheni yokubola okumhlophe nesifo sezinsini, kunconywa ukusiphula isitshalo ngoJuni, ngesikhathi sokukhula kokuhluma okusebenzayo.

Amasu wokuthena iplamu, ukukhula kwesihlahla, ne-bushy plum ngokufana, ngaphandle kokuthena umqhubi wesikhungo. Ukwakheka komqhele kuncike ekuphakameni kokuqothulwa kwesiqu.

Isitshalo sonyaka esidalwe ngoJunikushiya isiqu esingu-1 m ukuphakama ngaphezu komhlaba lapho kwakhiwa khona iplamu enamanzi, i-1,2 m ukuphakama ukwakheka kwesihlahla esiphakathi nendawo no-1.9 m ukuze isihlahla mude.

Lesi sitshalo se-biennial siphinde sithunyelwe ngoMeyi-Juni. Emncane, iplamu inika ukukhula okuqinile namagatsha ngokuningana phansi kwesiqu. Zonke ukukhula zikhunqulwa kubude obungama-25 cm kusuka esiqwini. Ukuthena okunamandla okunjalo endaweni eluhlaza kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba omncane iplamu, akubuhlungu kangako ukususa amagatsha.

Ngonyaka wesithathu, ukuthenwa kwezihlahla futhi kwenziwa ngoMeyi-Juni. Amahlumela wokuqhubeka kwamagatsha wamathambo kanye nomqhubi ophakathi nendawo afushaniswa abe ngu-30 cm. Konke okunye ukukhula kukhunqulwa kubude be-15 cm. Zonke amahlumela zisikwa ngokuqondile ngenhla yezinso ezinempilo.

Eminyakeni yesine nelandelayo yokuphila, izitshalo ziyaqhubeka nokwenza izihlahla zaminyaka yonke zokususa amagatsha abuthakathaka futhi anombala ngaphakathi komqhele, kususa amahlumela anesifo futhi kuvimbele umqhele ukuthi ukhule kakhulu. Amahlumela emathambo ancishiswa ngu-1/3 wobude, futhi amagatsha asele anqunywa abe ngu-15 cm, akha umqhele we-plum osesimweni sevase. Amagatsha omile naphukile ayasuswa futhi ashiswe.

Ukuzala

I-Plum iyandiswa, njengazo zonke izithelo zamatshe: inoculation, inzalo yezimpande, izimpande kanye nokusika okuluhlaza. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-plum, njenge-Skoroplodnaya ezihlukahlukene, zikhiqiza amaphesenti amaningi ezitshalo ezitshaliwe lapho zihlwanyelwa ngembewu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekwindla emibhedeni eqeqeshelwe kahle ekujuleni kuka-6-7 cm no-mulch nge-humus noma ngomquba ngaphambi kokuqala kobusika. Ubukhulu besendlalelo se-mulching kufanele sibe ngu-2-4 cm. Amahlumela avela entwasahlobo.

Lapho kusakazwa ngokugoma, isimo esibalulekile ukutshala izithombo njengesitoko esivela ezinhlotsheni zezinhlobo ze-ipulamu ebusika kunazo zonke esifundeni., ameva noma amaplamu ezinhlobonhlobo ze-Ussuriysky. Ukugoma kuzithombo ezinjalo kukhulisa kakhulu ubusika bebusika bezinhlobonhlobo eziklanyelwe. Ukusakazwa okusikiwe okuluhlaza kufana nokusakazwa kwama-cherries.

Ukuqoqwa kanye nokugcinwa kwezinqwaba

I-Plum ithela izithelo ngonyaka we-4-5 emva kokutshala. Esihlahleni sinye, hhayi zonke izithelo zivuthwa ngasikhathi sinye, kodwa kungakapheli inyanga. Ngakho-ke, aqoqwa kaningana, lapho evuthwa. Izithelo ezinesifo zisuswa masinyane. Ukuthola isivuno esihle, kunconywa ukutshala okungenani izinhlobo ezintathu zezikhathi zokuvuthwa ezihlukile.

Amapulangwe adliwa emisha, futhi futhi acutshungulwa ngezithelo ezomisiwe (ama-prunes), ukulondolozwa, iziphuzo zezithelo, ujamu, ujamu, ama-marmalade, ama-marshmallows, njll. Ukuze uzigcine zintsha, ama-plums asuswa kancane angagcini futhi agcinwe emabhokisini, abekwe ngephepha, endaweni emnyama, epholile.. Izithelo zePlum zigcinwe kahle eqandisiwe.

Izinhlobo ze-Plum

Lapho ukhetha izinhlobo ze-plum, kanye nezimpawu ezinkulu futhi ezinhle zokunambitheka, abalimi abangama-amateur abanolwazi banika ukubaluleka okukhulu ebulukhuni bayo obuhlanganisiwe basebusika: amagxolo, ukhuni, iqabunga nezithelo. Lezi zimfanelo zinazo ngokuphelele ameva ajwayelekile nameva amakhulu.

Ameva ajwayelekile

Ikhula ngesimo sesihlahla esisakazwayo esifinyelela ku-2-3 m ukuphakama. Izithelo zaso zincane, ziqukethe ama-tannins amaningi, ngakho-ke ukunambitheka kwazo kunesilinganiso esiphakathi futhi kuthuthukisa ngandlela-thile ngemuva kokuqandelwa yiqhwa ekwindla. Ijika leli limelana nobusika kakhulu futhi lisetshenziswa kabanzi ngabalimi ekutshaleni izinhlobo zamakhemikhali asebusika. Abalimi be-Amateur bavame ukuyisebenzisa njengezitoko-zesitoko ukukhulisa ubulukhuni bebusika obunamasimu ahlanganisiwe. Ijika linekhwalithi eyodwa engathandeki: lakha amahlumela amaningi ezimpande, avela ngamanani amakhulu endaweni engaba ngu-2,5-Z m esihlahleni futhi abangele ukuphazamiseka okuningi engadini.

Inameva enezithelo ezinkulu

Isihlahla siphakathi nendawo, sinomqhele oyindilinga. Izithelo zikhulu ngokulingana (isisindo se-1 izithelo 13-16 g), zivuthwe sekwephuzile - ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, aqukethe ama-tannins futhi asetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukucubungula (izithelo ezitshelwe, ujamu). Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu - kuze kufike ku-10-15 kg kusuka esihlahleni esi-1. Ubusika be-hardness buphakeme.

I-plum yakuqala

Ithembisa ukwehluka okuphakathi kweRussia maphakathi. Kuza ukuthwala ekuqaleni - ngonyaka we-2-3 ngemuva kokugoma. Ukuqhakaza kusenesikhathi. Izithelo zobukhulu obuphakathi, ezinamaphethelo, zibomvu ngombala, zinamanzi kakhulu, zinambitheka kamnandi omnandi we-acid. Kusetshenziswa okusha. Phinda phakathi no-Agasti. Izinhlobonhlobo azizethembi. Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokupholisa impova yilezi: Ussuri iplamu, i-Dawn, i-Red Ball, uSista Dawn, njll. Ubusika beqhwa buphakeme.

Ubomvu wakuqala

Izinhlobo ezivamile zokuvuthwa kokuqala. Amabheshi wokuphakama okuphakathi, angu-2-3 m ukuphakama, anomqhele oyindilinga. Ubusika bokhuni kwezinkuni nezinso kungaphezu kwesilinganiso. Izithelo zincanyana futhi ziphakathi ngosayizi, oblong, zibomvu-zibomvu. I-pulp yezithelo imnandi, i-omuncu-omnandi, we-Mediocre ukunambitheka. Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu. Izithelo zivuthwa ngasikhathi sinye. Izinhlobonhlobo zokuzithokozisa ngokwengxenye, kepha uma impova ihlaselwa yizinhlobonhlobo zokuvota (iRakitovaya, iRenklod kolkhoz, iVengerka, iMoskovskaya), isivuno siyanda.

IsiTatar ophuzi

Ukuvuthwa okuhlukahlukene. Amabheshi wokuphakama okuphakathi - 2,5-3 m mude, enomqhele osabalalisa. Ubusika be-hardness buphakeme. Lokhu kuqhakaza okuhlukahlukene sekwephuzile, ngemuva kokudlula kwesithwathwa sentwasahlobo. Izithelo zobukhulu obuphakathi, umbala we-amber-aphuzi, ukunambitheka okumnandi okumuncu, kuvuthwa ezinsukwini ezi-1-2 zika-Agasti. Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu.

Greengage Tenkovsky

Izinhlobo zasebusika eziqinile, ezithela phezulu zilungele ukutshala ngaphansi kwezimo zaseTatarstan, eBashkortastan nakwezinye izindawo ezinesimo sezulu esibuhlungu. Izihlahla ziphakathi nendawo, zinomqhele osabalalisa. Izithelo zinosayizi abaphakathi, oyindilinga-oval, obomvu ngokuwolintshi, onomalahle we-waxy, abe nokunambitheka okumnandi kwe-acid, kuvuthwe maphakathi no-Septhemba. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa okusha nokucutshungulwa. Izinhlobonhlobo azizethembi. Igcotshwe yizinhlobonhlobo: Ukuvuthwa kokuqala obomvu, i-Eurasia21, ameva. Izinhlobonhlobo zilwa nezilokazane nezifo.

Iso elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Ukuvuthwa okuhlukahlukene. Amabheshu aphakathi nendawo, anomqhele obanzi. Ukuqina kobusika nokukhiqiza kuphezulu. Izithelo zincanyana, ziyindilinga ngokweqanda, ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukunambitheka kwezithelo kumnandi, kumnandi, i-tart kancane; izithelo zilungele ukusetshenziswa okusha nokucutshungulwa. Phindani ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu. Le nhlobonhlobo ithandwa ngabalimi abaningi bama-amateur ngenxa yokuthi yakha ukukhula okuningana. Izinhlobonhlobo azizithobi; Izinhlobo zokuvuthwa kwempova: Ukuvuthwa kokuqala kokubomvu, ameva.

Ubuhle beVolga

Izinhlobonhlobo zokukhula okuphezulu kokukhula okuphakathi, kukhula ngesihlahla esinomqhele oyindilinga. Izinhlobonhlobo azizethembi. Izinhlobo ezihlakazayo: ngoJulayi, eSouvenir waseMpumalanga nabanye, izimbali ezihlangana ngesikhathi. Izithelo zinkulu, zibomvu okumnyama, zinambitheka kamnandi. Ubusika bunzima

Izinambuzane nezifo

I-Plum moth- lesi sinambuzane sidla iplamu, i-cherry iplamu nezinye izitshalo zezithelo. Isibungu silethwa esibelethweni, sidlulisa indlela yesibambo, sithinte uhlelo lomthambo, siphazamisa ukuhamba kwemvelo kwezakhi zomzimba. Ukukhula kwesibeletho kuncishiswa kakhulu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi siphulukana nombala bese siwa.Ubusika bamakhokhethi ebusika obugqinsiwe emihubeni yegxolo, eduze kwesihlahla esingaphezulu kwenhlabathi.
Indlela yokulwa siqukethe ukumba inhlabathi endaweni engadini, sisebenzisa amabhande okugcoba ezungeze izihlalo zezihlahla. Ngemuva kokuvuna, amacimbi aqoqwe ngesandla futhi abhujiswe.

Yellow plum sawfly idla izithelo zeplamu, kaningi - ezinye izithelo.
Indlela yokulwa nge-sawfly futhi iqukethe ngokumba inhlabathi. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, izimbotshana zivame ukunyakaziswa kudoti, futhi izihlahla nazo zifafazwa nge karbofos, chlorophos, njll.

Ama-aphid wePlum pollinated kuvame ukulimaza ama-plums, ama-cherries, ama-apricots, ama-petshisi, njll. Izinkathazo ikakhulukazi zanda uhlangothi olungaphansi lwamaqabunga, ngaleyo ndlela amaqabunga aqala ukuncibilika, isihlahla sezithelo siba buthaka, izithelo zingavuthi futhi zibole.
Indlela yokulwa liqukethe ukufafaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nge-nitrophene, benzophosphate, carbophos, njll.

Leaflet Yakhelwe -lesi sinambuzane esinamagciwane amaningi silimaza izinhlobo zezithelo zamatshe zezihlahla zezithelo. Amakhethini athela amaqabunga, azikhukulise noma azibambe ngesigaxa. AmaLeafworms aguqula izindawo esihlahleni, alimaze amaqabunga amasha.
Izindlela zokulwa Ngokuvamile, ngesilonda esincane, udinga ukuqoqa izimvemvane lapho ubeka amaqanda, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi azindiza, kepha khasa eceleni kwesiqu. Ikhambi elisebenzayo elinesibulala-zinambuzane lufafaza nge-nitrofen ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Ngaphezu ukunambitheka okuhle, i-plum inezinto eziningi zokwelapha nezokwelapha. I-Plum inenzuzo enkulu emzimbeni ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo okunothile. Ilinde izeluleko zakho!