I-Tulip iqhakaza ukuqaphela kwentwasahlobo. Uma ama-tulips ehlobisa isiza unyaka nonyaka, ukutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo enjalo. Izitshalo ezinamahlamvu anezithelo zomdabu e-Asia kudala zazingumbuso ezweni lakubo nakulo Old World, lapho zawela khona maphakathi nekhulu le-16.
Ngenxa yothando lwendawo zonke kulezi zimbali, ngemuva kweminyaka eyikhulu, iNetherlands yaziwa njengezwe lama-tulips, futhi namuhla amashumi ezinkulungwane zezinhlobonhlobo zalezi zitshalo ezinhle, kodwa ezingabizi kakhulu zisatshalaliswa emhlabeni wonke.
Izinsuku zokutshala ama-tulips emhlabathini
Ama-tulips ahlanganisiwe aqhakaza entwasahlobo noma engxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi esifanele sokubamba ikwindla. Emavikini angama-3-4, ama-bulm ayahlanganisa futhi akha uhlelo lwezimpande, kepha awenzi ingxenye yengxenye yomoya. Lokhu kuvumela ama-tulips ebusika kahle, futhi ngokufika kokushisa anikeze amahlamvu aqinile futhi avule ama-corollas amakhulu.
Lapho unquma isikhathi sokutshala ama-tulips, kubalulekile ukuthi ungabi nephutha! Uma ama engena emhlabathini kusenesikhathi, anganikeza amahlamvu. Futhi ubusika obuzayo buzothatha izitshalo ngokumangazayo. Ingxenye engenhla izohola, ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba izothamba futhi ngeke ikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuqhakaza kwentwasahlobo. Ukutshala sekwephuzile kusongela ukuthi ama-tulips awanaso isikhathi sokuthatha izimpande, iqhwa elinamandla lizowabulala noma liwonakalise.
Ungasikhetha kanjani isikhathi esihle kakhulu? Tshala nini Tulips emhlabathini ezifundeni ezahlukene?
Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi bayelulekwa ukuba banake hhayi ikhalenda, kepha ngesimo sezulu esingaphandle kwewindi. Isiqalo esihle kakhulu sezitshalo sizobe sitshale enhlabathini esekhulele emazingeni okushisa ayi-10-12 ° C.
Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, izimo ezinjalo zikhula maphakathi no-Septhemba. Ama-Tulips atshalwa eningizimu kamuva; enyakatho, izinsuku ziguqulwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti.
Uma ngasizathu simbe lapho ama-tulips ewa engazange awele emibhedeni yezimbali, ungawatshala entwasahlobo. Ngeshwa, kulokhu, izitshalo zinesikhathi esincane sokulungiselela ukuqhakaza nokuqongelela izakhamzimba zonyaka olandelayo. Ukuze uthole umphumela oyifunayo futhi wenze lula ukunakekelwa kwama-tulips enkundleni evulekile, kungcono ukukhulisa ama-bulbs kumabhodwe we-peat agcwele i-substrate yezakhi zomzimba ngaphambi kokutshala ama-bulbs. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ama aqhekelele amahora angama-24 egumbini lezemifino esiqandisini.
Ama-Tulips adluliselwa emibhedeni yezimbali lapho kufudumala, futhi inhlabathi ifudumele kuze kufike ku-+15 ° C. Le ndlela ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izifunda, kubandakanya nezindawo lapho ama-tulips asendaweni evulekile engalondolozi ebusika.
Ukutshala ama-tulips wokutshala ngaphandle
Ukuze uthole Tulips eziqhakazayo engadini eziqhakazayo zidinga:
- ilanga noma umthunzi osobala ohlukile;
- okunomsoco, umhlabathi ovulekile ongatheni hlangothi noma ukusabela okuncane kwe-alkali;
- ukuvikela komoya;
- ukuthambisa okusesilinganisweni.
Indawo efanelekile yokutshala ama-tulips ibiwa kuze kube yi-bayonet ephelele, ithukululwe, kuqhekezwe imichilo, kukhethwe ukhula bese kufakwa umanyolo we-nitrogen ne-potassium, ngokwesibonelo, i-humus ne-ash ash. Umhlabathi omnyama, osindayo uhlanganiswa nesihlabathi, i-peat.
Ngaphansi kwama-tulips, kanye nangaphansi kwezinye izilimo ze-bulb, akudingekile ukuletha ama-organics amasha, okuvame ukuba ngumthombo wegciwane lokubola nezifo zokukhunta.
Ukujula kwemisele yokuqhuma kwama-tulips enkundleni evulekile kuya ngosayizi wama-bulbs. Ngakho-ke, zihlelwe ngaphambilini, ngasikhathi sinye sihlukanise izinsalela ezinokugula nezonakalisiwe. Futhi unempilo isigamu sehora sicwiliswa ngesixazululo esimnyama sombala we-potanganum permanganate futhi somiswe ngokuphelele.
Ngaphansi kwama-bulbs amakhulu, enza imisele ngokujula okungama-20 kuye kwangama-30 cm, athululela umcamelo wamasentimitha ayi-10 wesihlabathi esiqhekekile phansi. Izingane zitshalwa, zicindezela kancane, zingene emigodini nge-drainage efanayo, kodwa ingxenye eningi, okungukuthi, kuya ekujuleni kuka-7 cm. Lapho inhlabathi idilizwa, indawo iyafakwa.
Nakekela ama-tulips ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile
Ama-Tulips azosabela kuphela ekunakekelweni okuhlala njalo nokunekhono ngokwembulwa okukhulu kwemibala egqamile. Izilimo zebhalbhu, njengomthetho, azithobeki, kodwa nokho zidinga ukunakwa kusukela ekuboneni kwamaqabunga okuqala, kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile. Ukunakekelwa kwe-Tulip ngemuva kokutshala kufaka:
- ukuchelela, ikakhulukazi kuningi ngesikhathi sokusethwa kwama-buds, ukuqhakaza kweziningi futhi kungakapheli amasonto ama-2 kuqediwe;
- ukususwa kwezitshalo zokhula ezungeze ezokutshala;
- kunembile, ukuze kungalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande nama-bulbs, kukhulula;
- ukugqokwa kathathu kwezimbali.
Ngemuva kokunisela, inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezitshalo kufanele ibe nomswakama ekujuleni kwama-30-40 cm, okungukuthi, ngemitha yendawo ngayinye, kuya ngohlobo lomhlabathi, okungenani amalitha ayi-10- 40 wamanzi kufanele achithwe.
Umanyolo ngesimo sewuketshezi noma granular uyingxenye yokunakekelwa kwama-tulips ngemuva kokutshala. Zilethwa kathathu:
- Esigabeni sokuvela kokuhluma kokuqala, kusetshenziswa ingxube yezingxenye ezi-2 ze-nitrogen, izingxenye ezi-2 zikasawoti we-phosphorus, 1 ingxenye yezingxube ze-potassium;
- Ngesikhathi kuvela amahlumela aluhlaza, kupha izitshalo i-nitrogen, phosphorus ne-potassium ku-1: 2: 2;
- Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, usebenzisa amakhompiyutha e-potassium-phosphorus, ushiya ngokuphelele i-nitrogen.
Ekhuluma ngokunakekela ama-tulips, awukwazi ukukhohlwa ngenqubo elula kodwa ewusizo. Lapho izimbali ziphela, zisikwa kanye nama-peduncle. Lokhu kuzovumela ama ukuthi angasebenzisi amandla ayigugu ukukhula kwama-bulbs.
Uma izinhlamvu zembewu zakha futhi zivuthwa ngeziqu, akumelwe ulinde ama-bulbs amakhulu, futhi izingane ngeke zikwazi ukuthola isisindo esikhulu.
Ngaphambi kokukhula ama-tulips, kufanele wazi ukuthi endaweni eyodwa isiko lingabi ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-4. Ngemuva kwalokho, ubungozi bokuqongelwa kwamagciwane ayingozi, isikhunta nezinambuzane zenhlabathi luyanda, ama bulbs ngokwemvelo ayaguga futhi adinga ukufakelwa. Ama-bulb asele enhlabathini kancane kancane aya ngokujula, ngakho ngonyaka olandelayo kuba nzima kakhulu ukuthi amahlumela aqhekeze phezulu. Ngenxa yalokho, izimbali ziba zincane, ama-peduncle aba buthaka futhi amafushane.
Ama-Tulips ayambiwa lapho amaqabunga ebuna ngokuphelele futhi ewa. Kuyasiza ukuchitha indawo ekhululiwe ngesisombululo se-phytosporin, i-potanganum permanganate noma noma iyiphi i-fungicide etholakalayo. Izitshalo ezihlala enhlabathini ebusika, ukuze zigweme iqhwa, zifakwe emgodini ngamapareti, ngesihlahla sezinkuni noma embozwe ngamagatsha e-spruce.
