Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho iqhwa lalisanda kuncibilika, izingwenya zaziphakathi kokuqhakaza engadini. Lezi zimbali ezinhle ezinamachashazi amelela ukufika kwentwasahlobo. Zibukeka kahle ematshinini nasezimbali zezimbali, zilungele amagquma asezintabeni futhi zingaba umhlobiso wanoma iyiphi ingadi yezimbali. Izingwenya ezikhulayo emhlabathini ovulekile akunzima ngisho nakubalimi abangenalwazi, ngakho-ke zivame ukutholakala emakamelweni asehlobo nasezindlini zasendlini.
Izincazelo, izinhlobo nezithombe zezingwenya
I-Crocus noma isafroni ingeyamalungu omndeni wakwa-iris futhi isitshalo esinamandla amakhulu. Le primrose emangalisa ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungamasentimitha ayi-10. Izimbali ze-crocus ezimise okwenziwe ngesigaqa ziyaqhakaza kwi-peduncle emfushane futhi zingaba o-orenji, ophuzi, onsomi, olilac, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukhilimu noma omhlophe. Amaqabunga omngcwabo embozwe esikalini futhi abuthana ku-bun avele ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
Ama-Crocuse ahlukaniswe izinhlobo zezimbali zasentwasahlobo kanye neziqhakaza zasekwindla. Muva nje, phakathi kwabalimi, ethandwa kakhulu yizinhlobo zama-Dutch nzalo.
Izingwenya eziqhakaza entwasahlobo
Phakathi kwama-primroses entwasahlobo angahlukaniswa Izinhlobo ezine ezaziwa kakhulu:
UCrocus Tomisani uyaqhakaza amasonto amathathu ngo-Ephreli. Ihlukahluka ngezimbali ukuphakama okungama-6 cm ngesimo senkanyezi ne-pink-lilac perianths. Ukusuka kukakhomidi owodwa, kukhula izimbali eyodwa kuya kwezintathu.- Izimbali ezingama-Golden crocus eziqhakaza ngezimbali eziphuzi zegolide cishe izinsuku ezingamashumi amabili ngo-Ephreli, zikhula zibe ngama-20 cm futhi zinamaqabunga amancanyana kakhulu. Ummbila kulesi sitshalo uyindilinga, kepha uthambile kancane.
- I-crocus yezimbali ezimbili iyahluka ngemibala yokuma okuhlukahlukene nemibala. Bangaba mhlophe ngemisinga e-brown-nsomi, ilac-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma imhlophe ngamabala ansundu. I-pharynx yezimbali imvamisa kakhulu iphuzi noma imhlophe.
- Ukuqhakaza kwentwasahlobo kwentwasahlobo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo cishe kwamasonto amathathu. Ukusuka ku-corm eyodwa, kukhula izimbali ezingama-lilac eyodwa noma ezimbili noma ezimhlophe. Lesi sitshalo sikhula sifinyelele ku-17 cm, sinamaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama onomucu wesiliva kanye nomhlanga ocolekile.
UCrocus Tomisani uyaqhakaza amasonto amathathu ngo-Ephreli. Ihlukahluka ngezimbali ukuphakama okungama-6 cm ngesimo senkanyezi ne-pink-lilac perianths. Ukusuka kukakhomidi owodwa, kukhula izimbali eyodwa kuya kwezintathu.Izimbali eziqhakaza i-Autumn
Phakathi kwezitshalo eziqhakaza ngoSepthemba noma ngo-Okthoba Izinhlobo ezintathu zithandwa kakhulu:
- I-Banat crocus inezimbali ezinombala okhanyayo we-lilac, ukuphakama kwawo kungafika ku-14 cm. Amaqabunga aqondile wesitshalo akhula aze afike ku-15 cm, futhi abe ne-tint ye-grey-silver.
- I-crocus enhle enokuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-7-10 nobubanzi obuyi-6-8 cm ihlukaniswa izimbali ezikhanyayo ngemivimbo ye-lilac emnyama. Isitshalo asesabi amafrikhisi akhanyayo kanye namafomu avela kwizimbali ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-10 kwi-corm eyodwa.
- I-crocus enhle iyaziwa ngombala wayo onsomi okhanyayo, i-lilac, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, imhlophe nezimbali eziluhlaza okotshani. Amaqabunga awo afinyelela ku-30 cm ubude.
Izingqinamba: ukutshala nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile
Ama-Crocuses ayizitshalo ezinothando olukhanyayo, ngakho-ke kunconyelwa ukuba zikhule endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle efudumele ilanga. Ngokukhula kwamahhala abakudingayo ahlinzeke ngendawo ebanzi yendawo.
Ungayikhetha kanjani ama-corms anempilo?
Impumelelo yokukhula okuhle kanye nokuqhakaza kwezimbali eziningi zezingwenya kuyinto yokutshala enempilo. Lapho uthola ama-corms ezitolo zezimbali, i-nurseries noma ezimakethe, umuntu kufanele acabangele u-anyanisi ngokucophelela. Akufanele babe:
- amabala amnyama;
- ukubola;
- ukulimala kwemishini.
Noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka kwama-corms kufanele kuqedwe ngokuwakhulula kuqala ezimpandeni nasezilinganisweni. Ngemuva kwalokho, izindawo ezilimele kufafazwe ngamalahle ahle noma umlotha.
Kwezinye izitolo zezimbali, izingwenya zithengiswa kakade ziyaqhakaza. Isitshalo esinjalo kungenzeka singabi nezimpande, kodwa simile. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kubalulekile ukusika izimbali, amaqabunga bese ushiya isitshalo sodwa. Kulokhu, i-crocus izophinda iqhume futhi ngonyaka olandelayo, kepha izokwazi ukwelulama ngokuphelele kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka emibili. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuthenga izinto zokutshala ngaphambi kokuba ziqhakaze.
Izici zokutshala izingwenya
Izinhlobo zezitshalo zasentwasahlobo zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ekwindla, futhi ziyaqhakaza ekwindla ehlobo.
Lapho utshala izingwenya, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi azizithandi izindawo ezimanzi nenhlabathi ene-acidic. Bakhetha inhlabathi enempilo, evulekile, eyomile, enokhanyayo.
Ilungiselela isiza se-crocus, inhlabathi kumele yethulwe:
- isihlabathi somfula coarse noma amatshe amahle;
- Peat nge umquba noma umquba obolile;
- umlotha, uma inhlabathi ingubumba;
- ungqimba lwamanzi wedrako noma amatshe amatshe uma inhlabathi imanzi.
Ukufika kwe-Autumn
Ukuze ama-primroses akujabulise ngokuqhakaza kwawo entwasahlobo, adinga ukutshala ekwindla endaweni yokulima engapheli. Lokhu kwenziwa kangcono ukusuka maphakathi no-Septhemba kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba.
Izici zokutshala ama-corms zifaka:
Emhlabathini osindayo, umgodi wesibani kufanele ube usayizi ofanayo nawo.- Uma umhlaba usukhululekile, khona-ke umgodi wenziwe ama-bulbs amaningi.
- Ibanga phakathi kwezimbobo kufanele libe ngu-70 cm.
- Izinto zokutshala ezitshaliwe ngokushesha ziniselwa kahle.
Emhlabathini osindayo, umgodi wesibani kufanele ube usayizi ofanayo nawo.Imithetho yokunakekela izingwenya engadini
I-primroses ekhulayo yinto elula. Ukuze zikhule kahle, zikhule futhi ziqhakaze, udinga nje landela izincomo ezithile:
- Kusukela kwavela izithombo, izitshalo zidinga ukuthambisa njalo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izingwenya ziyizitshalo ezivimbela isomiso, ukuntuleka komswakama ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kungaholela ekuqothulweni kwama-corms.
- Amahlamvu akumelwe asuswe emtshalweni aze omile ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kwalokho, imbali ingahle ibe buthaka.
- Ukwakha ama-buds amasha, futhi izingwenya ziyaqhakaza isikhathi eside, kunconywa ukususa izimbali ezitshiwe.
- Ngemuva kokuqothuka kwamaqabunga, ukunakekela ama-primroses iwukutshala inhlabathi phakathi kwawo ngamaqabunga owomile noma ungqimba olubanzi lwe-peat.
- Njalo ngeminyaka emithathu kuya kwemine, ama-primroses adinga ukutshalwa. Ngalesi sikhathi sesikhathi, izingane eziningi zizokhula kuma-corms. Izingwenya eziqhakaza izimbali zingatshalwa kulo lonke ihlobo, futhi izingwenya ezintwasahlobo ezigeleza entwasahlobo kusuka phakathi nehlobo kuya ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba.
Ngingawimba nini izingwenya?
Izitshalo ezigeleza intwasahlobo ziqala ukukhula kwazo okusebenzayo kakade ngasebusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Maphakathi noJuni, ama-primrose asephumule. Futhi ekwindla, lapho izingwenya zenziwa futhi, ziqala ukuqongelela izakhamzimba, zikhule izimpande, futhi zibhule. Kungakho ukugaya nokutshala izitshalo zasentwasahlobo kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sokuwa, esivame ukuhlala cishe ihlobo lonke, kuqala maphakathi noJuni.
Ngo-Agasti, ukuqhakaza okusebenzayo kwezingwenya eziqhakaza ukwindla kuqala. Ngalesi sikhathi, bakhuthele bakha u-anyanisi omusha futhi amaqabunga ayakhula. Isikhathi sokuphumula siqala ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Ukumba nokutshala izitshalo eziqhakaza ekwindla kungenziwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuze kube maphakathi no-Agasti.
Amabhule akhishwe enhlabathini ukhonjiwe kusuka kumaskhi nezimpande ezifile. Lapho-ke zidinga ukoma ngokunquma lokhu kungqimba eyodwa esitsheni esifanele. Ekhaya, izinto zokutshala kufanele zigcinwe egumbini elomile, elimnyama elinomoya omncane nomoya wokushisa wegumbi.
Izilokazane nezifo ezingama-Crocus
Ukutshala izitshalo ezinamandla ngokuhambisana nazo zonke izincomo, izinkinga ngezinambuzane nezifo akufanele kube njalo.
Izitha zabo eziyinhloko ngamagundane, athanda ukudla ama. Ngakho-ke, izinto zokutshala ezibekelwe ukomiswa azinconywa ukuba zishiywe zingagadiwe.
Kuyafana namagundane, ama-aphid noma ama-thrips kungaba abathwali besifo segciwane. Isitshalo esigulayo singabonakala ngezimbali ezintofontofo ezindaweni ezimpunga. Kuze kutheleleke ezinye izimbali, imvuthuluka yesitshalo esinegciwane kufanele ibiwe futhi ichithwe, bese inhlabathi ichithwa ngesisombululo esishisayo se-potanganum permanganate.
Lapho unakekela izingwenya, kuma-bulbs ungathola izimbobo ezenziwe nge-wireworms. Uma ziningi lezi zibungu eziphuzi eziluhlaza epulazini, lapho-ke zidinga ukulahlwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungakwenza Sebenzisa izicupho ezenziwe ekhaya:
- Entwasahlobo, beka izingcezwana zotshani, utshani noma utshani obugawulwe ngonyaka odlule esizeni.
- Zonke umswakama bese umboza ngamabhodi.
- Ngemuva kokuthi izibungu zingene kulezi zingibe, izindwani zotshani zizodinga ukuqoqwa futhi zishiswe.
Ukunakekelwa okungafanele kanye nesimo sezulu esishisayo kungaholela ezifweni fungal zama-primroses. I-Fusarium, i-sclerotic noma i-penicillic bola, isifo se-gung fung singabashaya. Ukugwema le nkinga, izinto zokutshala kumele zihlolwe ngokucophelela. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kunconyelwa ukuwufaka kusisombululo se-fungicide.
Ngemuva kokutshala ama-primroses ekwindla endaweni yangakini, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo uyakwazi ukujabulela ukuqhakaza kwawo. Kodwa ukuze izitshalo zikwazi ukuqhakaza ngempela futhi ziqhakaze kahle, lapho ukutshala, kukhula futhi kunakekela, kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo ezilula zabalimi abanolwazi.
