I-Azalea ingesinye sezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu zasendlini, ngoba iqhakaza kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile abatshali bezimbali bakhala ngokuthi esikhathini esincane emva kokutholwa kwembali enjalo, uyafa. Iqiniso ngukuthi i-azalea iyisitshalo esingathandeki. Ukuze uvikele imbali ukuba isomile futhi ishiye amacembe, kubalulekile ukuzama ukudala izimo ezifanelekayo zokukhulisa isivuno esinjalo. Kuphela uma ama-azaleas enikezwe ukunakekelwa okufanele angaqhakaza ngokubabazekayo futhi okuhle kakhulu.
Izici ze-Azalea
I-Azalea isitshalo esijwayelekile esihle sezimbali ezinamagatsha aluhlaza futhi esihlala sikhona. Kuvela eChina naseJapan, kepha ngokwemvelo lesi sitshalo singatholakala naseNyakatho Melika naseningizimu yeYurophu. Le mbali yangaphakathi ingeyohlobo lwama-Rhododendrons. Kusuka esiGrekini, igama elithi “Rhodon” lihunyushwa ngokuthi “rose,” bese elithi “dendron” lihunyushwa ngokuthi “umuthi.” Ngakho-ke, i-Rhododendron ingahunyushwa ngokuthi "rosewood." Kuhunyushwe kusuka kulimi lwakudala lwesiGreek, "azalea" kusho "owomile." Igama lalesi sitshalo lihlotshaniswa nokubukeka kwaso, siyisihlahla esincane esomile.
E-Russia, i-azalea yavela kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, futhi ekuqaleni yayikhuliswa kuphela emagumbini okugcina izithombo noma ezingadini ze-botanical. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-350 zalesi sitshalo ziyatholakala. Kodwa-ke, ezimbili kuphela zazo ezikhula ekhaya, futhi i-azalea yaseNdiya ithandwa kakhulu. Lolu hlobo luyisithunzi esihlala sikhona esiphakeme ubude baso abudluli isigamu semitha. Amapuleti amaqabunga amancane amaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza, ubude bawo abudluli kumamilimitha angama-35. Phezu kwamaqabunga kukhona izinwele ezibomvana ezibomvana. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuyabonakala ebusika, ngezimbali kufinyelela kumamilimitha angama-30-50. I-azalea yaseJapan nayo i-shrub ehlala ihlala njalo, ukuphakama kwayo kungahluka kusuka kumamitha ayi-0,3 kuya kwangama-0.5. Amapuleti akhe acwebezelayo amancanyana kakhulu. Ngokubuka kwangaphambilini, lena yehluka ngosayizi wezimbali; zinokuncane okuncane. Lenhlobo ingatshalwa engadini.
I-azalea yegumbi lezimbali ihlukaniswa ubukhazikhazi bayo. Uqala ukuqhakaza eneminyaka emithathu noma emi-4. Imvamisa, izimbali zakhe zipendiwe ngombala opinki ojulile, kepha zingaba bomvu okhanyayo, onsomi, zimhlophe qhwa, zibubende, futhi kube nezithoni ezimbili. Ezimbali, ama-petals aphansi-kabili, aphindwe kabili futhi. Amapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama alincane ngosayizi.
Uma uthenga isihlahla se-azalea esithandekayo sokuqhakaza, khona-ke kulokhu kuyanconywa ukukhetha eyodwa lapho kukhona ama-buds amaningi angenakuphikiswa. Iqiniso ngukuthi imbali enjalo ivumelana nezimo ezintsha ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi ukuqhakaza kwayo kuzoba okude, okuxakile futhi okubukekayo. Enye ikhophi ethengiwe kufanele ihlolwe ngokuphelele, ngenkathi izama ukuthola izimpawu zalesi sifo noma ukuba khona kwezinambuzane, uma zikhona. Tsheka isihlahla kancane, uma ubona amaqabunga omisiwe, khona-ke lokhu kungasho ukuthi imbali iyagula noma ibinakekelwa ngendlela engafanele.
Ukunakekelwa Kwezidingo Zasekhaya
Uma i-azalea ekhule ekhaya inakekelwa kahle, izokuqhakaza kahle, inhle futhi isikhathi eside.
Isibani
Ngemuva kokuba imbali ithengiwe, udinga ukuthola indawo efanelekayo kunazo zonke endlini. Lesi sitshalo sinezithombe eziningi, kepha sidinga ukuvikelwa emisebeni yelanga eqondile. Kulokhu, ngokutshala kwayo, kufanele ukhethe i-windowsill of oriental oriental, iwindi elibekwe ohlangothini olusenyakatho noma olusentshonalanga nalo kufanelekile. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ubheke ukuthi izibani kufanele zihlakazeke, kepha i-azalea izizwa kahle isendaweni ethile. Ngo-Okthoba nangoNovemba, lapho lesi sitshalo sakha ama-buds, sizodinga isibalo esikhulu sokukhanya. Ukukhanyisa okuhle kungatholakala ngokukhanyisela imbali ngamalambu we-fluorescent.
Ukushisa
Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa elifanele kufanele futhi kube nendima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni kwezilimo ezinjenge-azaleas. Le mbali, ekhule ekhaya, ayisiye phakathi kokuthanda ukushisa. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokutshala kwalo lisuka ku-15 laya ku-18 degrees. Ngenkathi kwakhiwa ama-buds, uzodinga izinga lokushisa eliphansi - ama-10-12 degrees. Uma ngesikhathi sokutshala ama-azaleas ukuze alondoloze izinga lokushisa elifanele, khona-ke ukuqhakaza kuzoba kuhle kakhulu, kube okumangazayo futhi kubude. Ehlobo, kunzima kakhulu ukugcina amazinga okushisa adingekayo. Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi bancomela ukuyihambisa kuvulandi ngalesi sikhathi, kodwa akufanele itholakale ohlangothini oluseningizimu. Uma igumbi linendawo yomoya, lapho-ke kufanele uzame ukuqiniseka ukuthi izinga lokushisa komoya elikulo alidluli ama-20 degrees.
Umswakama
Isitshalo esinjalo sidinga ukuhlinzeka umswakama owandisiwe. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusifafaza kaningi kusuka ku-sprayer, futhi kusetshenziswa amanzi apholile kulokhu. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukufafaza isihlahla kufanele kwenziwe ngokunakekela okukhulu ngoba uma umswakama ungena phezu kwezimbali zezithelo, zingaqala ukuba mnyama. Kunconyelwe futhi ukubeka iziqukathi ezivulekile ezimbalwa ezigcwele ngamanzi ukwandisa umswakama womoya ezungeze isitshalo. Ehlobo, uma ufisa, i-azalea ingadluliselwa emoyeni ohlanzekile, ngokwesibonelo, ukuyibeka engadini. Ebusika, lapho kuqala isikhathi sokushisa, ukunakwa okuphezulu kufanele kukhokhwe kufinyelele ezingeni lomswakama.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Ukuchelela okufanele nakho kubalulekile kakhulu lapho kukhula ama-azaleas egumbi. Inomthelela onamandla kokukhula kanye nohlaza lwezimbali ezinje. Kuyadingeka ikakhulukazi ekuniseleni, futhi ukugwema ukufa kwesihlahla, kufanele ulandele ngokusobala le mithetho elandelayo:
- Kuyadingeka ukunisela isitshalo ngokuhlelekile, ngenkathi ngenkathi yezimbali, ukuthambisa kufanele kube kuningi kakhulu;
- inhlama yobumba epanini ayifanele isomile, uma lokhu kwenzekile, isitshalo kanye nembiza kufanele sicwiliswe esitsheni esigcwaliswe ngamanzi afudumele kancane amahora ama-2, phakathi naleso sikhathi lapho kudonswa khona inani elifanele lomswakama enhlabathini;
- umugqa ongaphansi kufanele ube nomswakama kancane ngaso sonke isikhathi;
- ukumanzisa ngokweqile kwe-substrate nakho kufanele kungafakwa;
- kusuka epanini kuyadingeka ukuthulula amanzi akhishwa, ngaphandle kwalokho i-rhizome ingahle ibole;
- uma amanzi ompompi esetshenziselwa ukunisela, khona-ke kufanele kushiywe kume okungenani izinsuku ezi-2, phakathi naleso sikhathi lapho i-chlorine izophuma futhi ngeke ikwazi ukulimaza isihlahla;
- kungcono ukunisela i-azalea ngamanzi ancibilikayo, okufanele apholile;
- ukwenza izimbali zibe ziningi, ihlathi lidinga ukuniselwa isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini ama-2 (akusekho ngokuvamisile) ngenhlanganisela enamanzi axazululiwe namaconsi ama-2 noma ama-3 kalamula.
Inhlabathi
Ukuze kutshalwe ama-azaleas egumbi, ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa inhlabathi ene-acidic, kuyilapho i-pH yayo kufanele ibe ku-4-4,5. Uma ufisa, esitolo esikhethekile ungathenga ingxube yenhlabathi, elungele ukukhula isitshalo esinjalo. Futhi, ungenza kalula ukuxubana komhlaba ekhaya ngezandla zakho, lokhu udinga ukuhlanganisa imousse, izinaliti ezibolile nesihlabathi, ezithathwa ngokwesilinganiso 1: 2: 1.
Iqaqa futhi ithambisa
Ukuze kwakheke isihlahla esihle futhi esikhulu kakhulu, kanye nokuqhakaza okuningana, isitshalo kumele siqinisekise ukunakekelwa okufanele. Futhi ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukunquma okufika ngesikhathi futhi unamathisele amahlumela asebekhulile. Lapho ama-shrub aqhakaza, kuzodingeka ukusika zonke izimbali ezingashadile esezishonile. NgoMeyi, kuyadingeka ukuqala ukuthenwa okujwayelekile kweziqu ezincane, ezisanda kuvuthwa, kuyilapho nazo zidinga ukuphawulwa ngokucophelela. Uma unciphisa futhi unamathisela ngokufanele, nangesikhathi esifanele, uzokwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-buds akhiwa kumathiphu wesiqu. Sika ama-azaleas, abacebisi bacebisa, abakhelwe ngokukhethekile la ma-secateurs. Ukunciphisa wonke amagatsha esihlahla somdwebo ngaphandle kokukodwa akudingekile. Ukunquma kungaboshwa kuphela kulokho okunwetshiwe ngokweqile. Imvamisa, ukubonakala kwamapuleti amaqabunga amancane kuqashelwa ngemuva kwengxenye yenyanga emva kokuthenwa.
Umanyolo kanye nezinto ezikhulisayo
I-Azalea ekhule ezimweni zekamelo kufanele inikezwe ngamanyolo angenamaminerali. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukubheka ukuthi i-chlorine akufanele ibe khona kumanyolo osetshenzisiwe. Iqiniso ngukuthi uyakwazi ukubhubhisa imbali yegumbi elinjalo. Ukugwema ubunzima nezinkinga ezingenasidingo, abatshali abanolwazi bancoma ukuthenga umanyolo obizwa nge-Azalea esitolo esikhethekile. Esikhathini sentwasahlobo nehlobo, ukugqoka kufanele kube kaningi impela, ngakho-ke kufanele kuhlelwe kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa, futhi kaningi akunakwenzeka ukondla imbali. Ngokuqala kobusika, inani lokugqoka eliphakeme lehla kakhulu, ngalesi sikhathi kuyadingeka ukufaka umanyolo kanye ngenyanga. Ngemuva kokuqalwa kokuqhakaza nezimbali kuqala, ukufaka umanyolo wegumbi, uzodinga ukusebenzisa umanyolo oqukethe inani elidingekayo lezinto ezinjenge phosphorus ne potassium. Isibonelo, ngalesi sikhathi, ekondleni, ungasebenzisa iKemira-Suite noma i-Uniflor-bud.
Ukufakelwa kwe-Azalea
Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi batusa ukuthi kudluliswe lesi sihlahla ngokushesha nje lapho kuqhakaza okokuqala. Ukufakelwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela kakhulu futhi ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukusebenzisa indlela yokudluliselwa kwengqondo, ngenkathi kudingekile ukuze ugcine ubuqotho be-coma yobumba. Iqiniso ngukuthi izimpande zegumbi le-azalea zincane kakhulu futhi zincane, ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, zingalimala kalula, okuyinto engathandeki kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo kufanele sidluliselwe ebhodweni lezimbali elingajulile kangako, lapho izimpande zizobe zisondelene khona ngaphezu kwesiqalo sendawo. Ochwepheshe bancoma ukudlulisa izinhlobonhlobo ezincane ngonyaka, kanye nabantu abadala abaningi - kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-3. Ezitshalweni ezitshalwe kabusha, kuyadingeka ukususa izimbali ezomile, isiqu namagatsha.
Ukusakazwa kwe-Azalea
I-Azalea isakazeka ngokusika iziqu. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ehlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukusika okune-lignified ngama-buds akhona atshalwe emhlabathini, kuyathandeka ukumboza ngembiza yengilazi, isikhwama sepulasitiki. Ukunisela nokufafaza kuningi futhi kuvamile. Uma kuvela izimbali, zivele zisuswe. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, lapho ukhula lwenqubo yokusika lwenzeka, kufanele itshalwe ebhodweni. Izithombo ezeluliwe zinciphisela ukusikeka okunezimpande ukwakha umqhele.
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-azalea
Izifo zivela ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungafanele:
- Ukunisela okunganele kwesitshalo,
- ukuvezwa yilanga
- izinga lokushisa lamakamelo,
- iphi imbali le
- ukuntuleka kokukhanya
- inhlabathi engalungile.
Izifo ze-Azalea
- Uma amaqabunga etshisiwe, ephuzi, ewa, khona-ke isizathu ukuntuleka kokunisela isitshalo noma ukuvezwa yilanga. Uma uqala ukulandela imithetho yokunisela, ukufafaza nokukhanyisa, inkinga izonyamalala.
- Uma ukugqwala noma ukubola okumpunga sekuvelile, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukudala indawo yokushisa intofontofo ukuze imbali ibe khona futhi unqume amaqabunga onakele.
- Uma izimbali zakhe zivele ziphuzi, ziqala ukubuna bese ziwela, okusho ukuthi amanzi asezingeni eliphansi ayaniselwa. Ungakulungisa lokhu uma unisela ngamanzi abilisiwe ngamanyolo akhethekile.
- Ngenxa yokugcwala ngokwedlulele enhlabathini, i-azalea imvamisa ithinta ukulimala okufika sekwephuzile, okuholela ekufeni kwe-houseplant.
Izinambuzane
Izikhala zesicabucabu, izinambuzane ezilingana nezinambuzane, ama-sitrobheli izibungu zingalimaza i-azalea yangaphakathi. Ukuze ulwe, kubalulekile ukucubungula imbali yasekhaya ngezindlela ezikhethekile. Okokuqala okudingeka ukwenze ukwelashwa kwamahlamvu ngekhambi le-soapy, bese uhlanza ngamanzi afudumele bese udinga ukuwaphrinta ngomkhiqizo othengiwe (isibonelo, isixazululo se-Actellik)
