I-Calendula - ekhula futhi inakekelwa

UCalendula, isihlobo esisondele kakhulu sama-asters, ama-daisies, ama-daisi kanye nabanye abamele umndeni omkhulu we-aster (Asteraceae), abaningi ngesisa nangothando babiza "ama-marigolds". Lesi sitshalo esiguquguqukayo esinezimbali eziningi ezinelanga selunesikhathi eside sithandwa kakhulu.

Abantu basebenzisa i-calendula njengethuluzi elisebenzayo ekwelapheni nasekuvimbeleni izifo ezahlukahlukene. Ama-gourmet asisebenzisa njenge-spice spice yamasoso, amasobho nezitsha zenyama. Okobulili obuhle, kungumkhiqizo omuhle wezimonyo, futhi kulabo abalimi, umsizi osebenzayo ekulweni nezilokazane zasengadini: ama-thrips, ama-nematode, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izinzuzo ezingenhla ze-calendula zihlanganiswe ngokuphelele nokubukeka okukhanyayo kwesitshalo, okuyi empeleni, le mbali ikhula ikakhulukazi.

I-Calendula, noma uMarigold (Calendula) - uhlobo lwezitshalo ezingama-herbaceous zomndeni wakwa-Astrov (I-Asteraceae) Zikhula eMedithera, eNtshonalanga naseCentral Europe nasentshonalanga eseningizimu ye-Asia. Ukubuka okudumile - UMarigolds (Calendula officinalis), engokwesibalo sezitshalo ezithandwayo zokuhlobisa.

Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-20 zamakhalenda aminyaka yonke nawokuzamazama komhlaba ahlobisa iMedithera, iNtshonalanga neCentral Europe, kanye neNtshonalanga Asia. Endaweni yethu kutholakala kakhulu Calendula officinalis (C. officinalis). Izinhlobo eziningi zemarigold zikhula njengokhula, ngokwesibonelo, Insimu Calendula (C. Arvensis).

IMarigolds idume ngokuzithoba kwayo ezimeni ezikhula kabi. Zithatha kalula izimpande futhi zikhule ngokuphelele kunoma iyiphi ikona yengadi noma engadini yemifino. Ukuphakama kweCalendula ngamasentimitha angama-40-60, ububanzi be-inflorescence kwezinye izinhlobo kufinyelela ku-7-8 cm. Ukuqhakaza okugqamile ngamathoni egolide-owolintshi nephunga elithile lezimbali kungaphumelela ngempumelelo kunoma iyiphi ingadi yezimbali noma utshani bamaMoorish.

Izinhlobo ezimfushane zama-marigold zenza insimu yedwala ihlale. Zizobukeka zinhle ekutshaleni komngcele phakathi kwezitshalo zonyaka ezinezimbali ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ezipinki. Izinhlobo ze-terry calendula eziphansi ezikhulele kuzimbali ezinhle nangamabhasikidi zizokuhlobisa kahle i-balcony noma ithala elivulekile, futhi amafomu amade azokujabulisa isikhathi eside ekusikeni.

I-Calendula - ekhula futhi inakekelwa

UMarigolds uthanda izindawo ezinelanga, emthunzini zide kakhulu futhi ziyaqhakaza buthaka. Izitshalo zibekezelela inhlabathi emnyama kahle, ikhula ngokuphelele kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi engadini, kepha ikhetha umhlabathi omanyolo futhi ogcwele humus ocebile. Uma izwe linqabile, ngaphambi kokuqala kokumba abalimi abanolwazi bancoma ukusebenzisa ama-40 g we-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer kanye no-3 kg we-humus ngemitha ngayinye.

Lapho kukhula i-calendula, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukondla ngokweqile, ukutshala okuminyene kakhulu nokuhlala isikhathi eside kwezitshalo endaweni eyodwa kungahle kudale isifo esimnyama. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izitshalo ezinesifo kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha kusuka endaweni, mhlawumbe zihlanganiswe nezimpande.

Ukutshala i-calendula

IMarigolds ayihambelani namakhaza. Babekezelela ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa ukufika ku-5 ° C futhi abesabi ama-frost entwasahlobo abuya emuva. Imbewu yeCalendula ingahlwanyelwa ngaphansi kwengilazi entwasahlobo noma ngaphambi kobusika. Ukuze izitshalo eziqhakaze ekuqaleni, ngoFebhuwari imbewu ihlwanyelwa endaweni abamba ukushisa kuyo izithombo.

Amahlumela okuqala e-calendula avela ngoMashi-Ephreli. Ekupheleni kukaMeyi, izithombo eziqinile zidluliselwa endaweni engapheli enhlabathini evulekile yengadi. Lapho ihlwanyelwa ngaphambi kobusika, imbewu ye-calendula itshalwa emiseleni ekujuleni okujulile (kufika ku-3 cm). Entwasahlobo, lapho nje umhlaba ufudumala kuze kufike ku-4C, imbewu izoqala ukumila, futhi ngamazinga okushisa we-8C akhule ngokukhuthele. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esingangenyanga, izilimo ze-marigold kufanele zinqunywe kubhekwe ukuphakama kwezitshalo, kushiye isikhashana esingama-20-40 cm phakathi kwamakhophi.

Iqoqo le-Calendula inflorescences

Imvamisa, ama-calendula aqhakaza amasonto angama-3-4 ngemuva kokuvela, futhi ungakwazi ukuqoqa ngokushesha ama-inflorescence-baskets abo wezokwelapha. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukugcwala kwezinto zokwelapha kuma-inflorescences ngqo kuncike ekukhanyisweni kombala - kukhanya izimbali, kukhuphula izinga lokuhlushwa kuzo.

Izimbali eziningi ziyahluthulwa, ziqhume ezintsha, futhi izimbali uqobo ziyohlala kuze kube yilapho kuphela isithwathwa. Uma izimbali ze-calendula zingasuswa, khona-ke izimbali zizophela ngoJulayi. Ngo-Agasti, imbewu evuthiwe kufanele iqoqwe ukuze ivikele ukuzitshala okungafuneki.

Ama-inflorescence aqhakazayo avunwa ngesimo sezulu esomile, bekhetha kuphela obhasikidi basemuva abaye bathatha indawo evundlile. Izimbali zomile emthunzini zize zihlukane ngokuzicindezela kancane ngeminwe yazo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuqoqa i-calendula akunconyelwe abantu abaphethwe yi-asthma ye-bronchial, ngoba impova yesitshalo ingavusa ukungezwani.

Ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo kokuhlobisa, izipikili azikwazi ukuhlobisa ingadi noma ingadi yezimbali kuphela, zihlala kahle emibhedeni phakathi kwezitshalo zemifino eziningi kanye nama-sitrobheli. Ngokuvamile zitshalwa phakathi kwezimbali: i-asters, ama-roses, i-gladioli. Zenza izwe lingakhuli lapho likhula khona, futhi zivimbele ukukhula kokubola kwezimpande. Izimbali eziqhakaza ilanga eziqhakaza i-calendula enephunga elikhethekile ziheha izinambuzane ezimthende kanye namabhungane amancane, ama-larva awo adla ama-aphid ngentokozo.