Ukuze ufinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu lokuhluma kwembewu, kubalulekile ukwenza umsebenzi wokulungiselela obunzima ngaphambi kokutshala. Uhlu lwemisebenzi luhlanganisa ukuhlunga imbewu ngosayizi, ukwelashwa kokuthintela ngama-disinfectants kanye nokwefeka. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa ikhwalithi yembewu futhi kuzoba nomthelela esivunweni esikhulu.
Inqubo yokufaka ofakwe imbewu emanzini noma ngesixazululo se-bio ivumela ukuba ikhule ngaphambili. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kulondolozwe impahla yokutshala, ngoba imbewu ingadliwa noma ilinyazwe izilokazane noma iqale ukubola ngenxa yokuhlala isikhathi eside emhlabathini omanzi. Ukufakwa ngonyawo kuvumela imbewu ukuthi ikhule hhayi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi ngobuningi.
Ilungiselela ukutshala imbewu
Imbewu ofakwe phansi kufanele yenziwe kuphela ngemuva kokwelashwa okuphoqayo kwezibulala magciwane ngaphambi kokutshala enhlabathini. Akudingekile ukulungiselela hhayi kuphela imbewu, kodwa futhi nengcezu encane ye-gauze, amanzi nesitsha kuyo (ngokwesibonelo, isoso noma ipuleti ebanzi). Amanzi kumele ahlanzwe, ancibilikiswe noma ancishwe emabhodleleni angafakelwa i-carbon. Kuzoba ngcono kakhulu uma amanzi evela emthonjeni noma komunye umthombo wemvelo. Iningi labalimi nabahlali basehlobo abancomi ukusebenzisa amanzi ompompi ngalezi zinhloso, yize ungazithatha.
Ukufakwa phezulu kudinga kakhulu imbewu enamagobolondo ahlanganisiwe, ebambezela inqubo yokuhluma futhi naleyo equkethe inani elikhulu lamafutha abalulekile. Ithanga, ikhabe, upelepele obabayo nobabayo, i-zucchini, utamatisi namakhukhamba, uphizi nobhontshisi kunezinhlamvu ezinegobolondo obukhulu. Futhi imbewu yezilimo ezinjenge-parsley, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, dill, izaqathe kanye ne-parsnips aqukethe uwoyela obalulekile ophazamisa ukumila okusheshayo. Lapho umanzi, lawo mafutha ayahlanzwa, bese inqubo yokuvela kwamahlumela isheshiswe.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokutshala imbewu
Ezitsheni ezilungiselelwe, udinga ukubeka ucezu olunomswakama lwezicubu ezacile noma i-gauze lapho imbewu ebilungiselelwe ibekwa khona, ngaphezulu - ungqimba lwesibili lwethishu elithambile linye.
Shisisa amanzi afinyelele kumazinga okushisa angaba ngu-35 bese uwagcwalisa ngesitsha sembewu ku-gauze. Amanzi kumele acace. Uma uketshezi lube mnyama noma lushintsha umbala, lapho-ke udinga ukubuyiselwa.
Umthamo wamanzi kanye nembewu kuyafana ezitshalweni ezinjengobhontshisi, uphizi, amabhungane, dill neparsley. Kepha imbewu yethanga, ikhabe, i-zucchini, ukhukhamba notamatisi, umthamo wamanzi akufanele wedlule i-50% yevolumu yezinto zokutshala.
Imbewu emanzi igcinwe kahle egumbini elimnyama emazingeni okushisa angama-21-25 degrees Celsius kusuka emahoreni amabili kuya ezinsukwini ezimbili, kuya ngesitshalo.
Njengoba asikho isidingo sembewu emoyeni, usengakwazi ukupakisha isitsha esinezimbewu esikhwameni esenziwe nge-polyethylene. Igreenhouse elinjalo kufanele libe egumbini elifudumele nelimnyama.
Isikhathi sembewu emanzini akufanele sedlule isikhathi esithile, ngoba singafa. Isibonelo:
- Kwama-zucchini, ukhukhamba, ikhabe, utamatisi kanye nama-beet - amahora ayi-17-18.
- Okwe-dill, iparsley, izaqathe, u-anyanisi - izinsuku ezimbili.
- Izimbewu ezinkulu ezinesakhiwo se-mealy - kusuka emahoreni amabili kuya kwayi-4.
Ukugcwala imbewu ngesixazululo se-bio
Izisombululo zebhayoloji ezisiza imbewu ukuba ziqhume ngokushesha zingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile zabalimi. Uhla lwazo lucebile kakhulu futhi luhlukile.
I-Zircon - Umkhiqizo wemvelo oqukethe i-chicory acid futhi ukhuthaza ukukhula ngokushesha. Umuthi ubhekwa njengenye yezinto ezishukumisayo eziqinile ezisiza ukukhula okusheshayo nokuthuthukiswa kwezithombo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi nempande yezithombo ezincane.
Epin - Ukulungiselela kususelwa ezitshalweni futhi kusiza ukuqinisa ukungatheleleki kwezilimo zezitshalo, kanye nekhono labo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo zezulu ezingezinhle (ngokwesibonelo, ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lomoya, ukuntuleka kokukhanya). Inqubo yokuvumelanisa izithombo nezimo ezintsha zokuphila icishe ibe buhlungu.
Thobisa - Ukulungiswa kwemvelo okunobungani ngokusekelwe ku-humic acid.
Ngokungeziwe kumalungiselelo athengwe eyenziwe ngomumo, ungangena cwilisa imbewu in infusions ezilungiselelwe ngokuzimela. Izisombululo ezinjalo zemvelo zilungiswa kusuka ezingxenyeni ezihlukene ngokuya ngesiko. Isibonelo:
- iklabishi, isithombo, uphizi nobhontshisi - ukumnika i-chamomile.
- utamatisi, ukhukhamba, u-anyanisi, izaqathe, dill - ukumiselwa kwe-valerian.
- ngesipinashi, beet, squash - ukumnika mullein.
Ukucwilisa imbewu, kunconywa futhi ukuthatha isiphuzo esisha se-aloe esisanda kufakwa kanye nokufakwa komlotha (kususelwa kumlotha wokhuni).
Ungawacwilisa kanjani isivuno ngasinye
Imbewu Yekhukhamba Ebanzi
Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ngaphambi kokufaka ngokuphelele, kungakapheli amahora angama-1-2, usule imbewu eduze kwendawo efudumele (ngokwesibonelo, eduze nedivayisi yokushisa noma ibhethri eliphakathi nendawo). Isinyathelo sesibili ukuhlunga imbewu. Kuyadingeka ukulahla zonke izimo ezisezingeni eliphansi. Futhi isinyathelo esilandelayo kuphela ukufika kwe-imbewu ngesisombululo semvelo semvelo noma i-biostimulant. Ngesikhathi esisetshenziswe kusixazululo esikhethekile (kumakhukhamba kungamahora ayi-12), izinto zokutshala ngeke zivele zingavuvukeli noma ziqale ukumila, kepha futhi zizothola nemithi yokuvimbela amagciwane.
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho banikeza inqubo efanayo ukuthi yenziwe ngembewu kanye nezinye izilimo zemifino: amathanga, isithombo, ikhabe, iklabishi, i-zucchini ne-squash.
Imbewu ye-dill ne-parsley
Ukutshala impahla yalezi izilimo kuqukethe inani elikhulu lamafutha abalulekile, ngakho-ke inqubo yokufaka ihlala izinsuku ezimbili. Amafutha abalulekile afaka ukubukeka kwezithombo futhi kufanele agezwe. Imbewu inconywa ukuba ishiywe emanzini ancibilikisiwe noma entwasahlobo (noma ihlanjululwe) izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala amahora okungenani angama-48. Ngemuva kokufaka imbewu, udinga ukuzinika isikhathi sokoma. Le nqubo kufanele yenzeke egumbini elimnyama. Uma zonke izigaba zenqubo zenziwa kahle, khona-ke impahla yokutshala ngemuva kokoma izokwenganyelwa.
U-Ephreli ubhekwa njengesikhathi esikahle sokuhlwanyela imifino (dill ne-parsley). Ngokubambisana nabo, imbewu yemifino enjenge-parsnips, izaqathe kanye ne-ulethisi ingalungiswa ngokutshala ngendlela efanayo.
Imbewu Yeso Beet
Imbewu yeBeet iyanconywa ukuthi ivezelwe kule nqubo yokulungiselela ukutshala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambili. Izinto zokutshala kumele zihlelwe, kususwe yonke imbewu eyonakele nekhwalithi ephansi. Inqubo yokuvuvukala imbewu ye-beet ihlala usuku. Amanzi okugcotshwa kufanele abe phakathi kuka-20 no-25 degrees Celsius. Ungathatha amanzi ahlanziwe noma axazululwe, kanye namanzi ajwayelekile empompo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi emahoreni ayishumi okuqala njalo emahoreni amabili, amanzi asesitsheni kanye nembewu efakwe emanzini aguqulwe abe matsha.
Ubuningi besilimo buxhomekeka kukhwalithi yezinto zokutshala nokulungiselela kahle imbewu yokutshala. Uma kwenziwa ofakwe ngembewu kucatshangelwa wonke amathiphu nezincomo, khona-ke ukuhluma okuphezulu nesitshalo esikhulu kuzoqinisekiswa.
