I-lobelia enhle, ebhebhetheka embhedeni wezimbali nakukhaphethi ogqamile, obukeka kahle emaphaketheni omoya ungomunye wabantu abathandwa kakhulu ehlobo. Ukuqhakaza okude, ukungatheli, ukukhula okusheshayo nokuqhakaza okufana nokhula, yize kunobuthi besitshalo, kuyinikeza ngesihloko somholi ovela phakathi kwezilimo ezinemibala evulekile. Ukukhula kwe-lobelia akunzima nhlobo, futhi indlela elula futhi ebiza kakhulu ukukhulisa ubuhle bakho kusuka ezinhlanyelweni.
ILobelia.
I-Lobelia yimibhalo eyindilinga, eyinkimbinkimbi, ngokumangazayo “eyenziwe ngepulasitiki” eyenza amafu aqhakaza amabala abuthaka ngokwendwangu noma amabala angafani amahle. ILobelia ikhula ngesimo sesitshalo esikhanyayo esinamahlumela acinene, agobekayo. Emhlabathini, isatshalaliswa ngamakhaphethi noma ikhula ngama-sphere, ama-bush, ezitsheni - ilenga ngokubhekabheka (ngokulandelana, izinhlobo zihlukaniswe ngokwehlukaniswa futhi zikhulu).
Isici esibaluleke kakhulu se-lobelia, njenganoma iyiphi enye iflaya ye-stellar, kubhekwe kahle ukuthi siyimbali eqhubekayo, engaphenduki, enezimbali eziningi. Kepha i-lobelia namahlamvu kungaphezu kokuhle: kuncane, kepha kuminyene, kuhlala kunesizinda esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esibukeka kahle nesicwengekileyo sesisindo sezimbali. Kukhanya ngokoqobo, kuncane, kuyadabukisa, kepha kuhle kakhulu.
Kunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-300 kuhlobo lwe-lobelia. Ubuhle obukhulu bezimbali bungaqhosha ngokuthanda indawo yonke lobelia vera (i-lobelia erinus). Kepha ezinye, izinhlobo ezingandile kulula ukuzalanisa njengobuhle lobu. I-Lobelia: mkhulu, okucashile, eqinile futhi muhle zingatshalwa ngaphandle kwembewu ngaphandle kokuhlupheka nokulahlwa. Le mihle ayihlwanyeli enhlabathini evulekile, kepha ikhula kuphela ezitshalweni.
Ukuqoqwa kwembewu nokukhethwa kwazo ukuhlwanyelwa
Ngisho enkabeni, imbewu ivuthwa ku-lobelia. Zidinga ukuqoqwa ngemuva kokuba izihlahla zibune, ekwindla noma ngemuva kokuphuza izimbotshana, ngaphandle kokusakaza imbewu, kodwa ukusika izithelo ezitsheni ezijulile futhi kuthungatheke ngaphakathi endlini (imbewu ilula kakhulu, imane nje iqhutshwa ng umoya). Ukuvimbela ukuchitheka, ungabopha ngaphambili izithelo ngezindwangu ezibonakala obala.
Njengoba imbewu ye-lobelia incane kakhulu, yenza kube nzima ukwenza inqubo yokutshala. Namuhla ekuthengisweni ungathola imbewu ye-granular, okulula ukusebenzelana nayo, ekuvumela ukuthi uthole ngokushesha "isidleke" se-lobelia esivela ezitshalweni ezingama-3-5. Lapho uthenga imbewu, funda ngokucophelela ifomu lokukhula - elinesihlahla noma esiningi - nezinketho zezimo ezikhulayo. Uma ufuna ukukhula i-lobelia engakhula ngokufiphaza okukhanyayo noma emthunzini oyingxenye, lapho-ke kungcono ukuthi ubheke lezo nzalo zesimanjemanje kanye nama-cultivars akhiwa ngokuthanda okuncane okukhanyayo.
Ibhokisi lembewu yeLobelia.
Inhlabathi neziqukathi zokutshala i-lobelia
Amathangi okutshala izithombo kufanele abe aphansi, angajulile futhi angaba makhulu. Kwi-lobelia, iziqukathi zepulasitiki zokudla okumnandi, amachibi amancanyana noma izinkomishi ezinobude obungu-2-3 kuya ku-6,6 cm zilungeleka kahle .Umbewu olwenziwe ngobunono futhi wenza lula ukulinyelwa, wenqaba ukutshuza, amakhasethi ezithombo zezithombo ahamba phambili.
Ukusabalalisa i-lobelia, kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhethe i-substrate esezingeni eliphakeme, enempilo, kepha ekhanyayo njengokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo - ukukhululeka, amanzi- nokuphefumula. Inhlabathi elungiselelwe kahle ingxube yezithombo zezitshalo eziqhakazayo, inhlabathi yokuzilungiselela evela enhlabathini engadini, i-vermiculite nesihlabathi ilungele le ndoda ehlobo. Akufanele kube ne-humus ku-substrate ye-lobelia. Kuyelulekwa ukuthi ukhubaza inhlabathi - yiphathe nge-ejenti ekhethekile, uyithulule ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate noma uyiphathe ngamanzi abilayo.
Ukuhlwanyela Imbewu YeLobelia
Izinsuku zokutshala ezifanele ze-lobelia zingMashi nasekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, kodwa ngenxa yokuqhakaza kwezimbali ngaphambili, abalimi abaningi baqala ukutshala i-lobelia ngoFebhuwari. "Umnqamulajuqu" wokuhlwanyela i-lobelia ubhekwa maphakathi no-Ephreli. Le mbali ehlobo iqhakaza izinyanga ezi-2-2,5 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela.
Imbewu yeLobelia incane kakhulu, kufanele ixubaniswe nesihlabathi ngaphambi kokuyihlwanyela. Enye indlela ukutshala imbewu engu-3-5, ethwetshulwa esiqeshini esimanzi sezinyo. Kepha le ndlela yokutshala ithatha isikhathi esithe xaxa. Ukuhlwitha eqhweni kuyinkinga ngenxa ye-hypothermia, futhi ama-tweezers ayiziphazamisi ukusebenza nawo. Imbewu ye-granular ingafafazwa ngesandla ezinkomishini ezincane noma kumakhasethi amancane ngasikhathi sinye.
Izithombo zeLobelia.
Indlela yokutshala izithombo ze-lobelia:
- Gcwalisa iziqukathi zokutshala ngenhlabathi ngaphandle kokuziphazamisa.
- Musa ukunisela inhlabathi ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.
- Hlakazisa imbewu kanye nesihlabathi ngokulinganayo ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi, uzama ukuthi zingatshazwa (noma zisakaze imbewu ngesandla).
- Fafaza ingaphezulu ngesibhamu sokufafaza. Imbewu esembozo ephezulu enomhlabathi ayidingekile.
- Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, amboze isitsha nge-lobelia ngefilimu noma ingilazi. Zidinga ukukhishwa nsuku zonke ukuze kungene umoya omncane.
Izimo zokuhluma kwembewu ye-lobelia
Imbewu yeLobelia inezithombe ezinhle, ngoba ukuhluma kudinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo kakhulu. Ngokuqondene nokushisa, i-lobelia imila ezimweni zasekamelweni - ngamazinga okushisa angama-18 kuya kwangama-22 degrees. Kwi-lobelia, udinga ukufaka umoya wezitshalo njalo, ususe ifilimu noma ingilazi, futhi uphinde ugcine umswakama ozinzile ongaphansi ngokufafaza kahle inhlabathi.
Inqubo yokuvela kwezithombo ze-lobelia imvama ifinyelela kumaviki ama-2, ngokukhanya okunganele, imbewu ivele kamuva.
Izitshalo ezikhulayo
Into enzima kakhulu ekukhuleni kwe-lobelia kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ukuhambisana nesidingo sezimo ezipholile zokukhula. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela kwezithombo kusuka ku-lobelia, udinga ukususa ingilazi noma ifilimu, uhambise iziqukathi ziye ezimeni ezinamazinga okushisa aphansi, ebangeni ukusuka ku-10 kuye ku-15 degrees. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukwehlisa amazinga okushisa, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ngokucophelela ukuthi isendlalelo saso sonke isikhathi sihlala phezu kwesimo esimanzi esincane, sifafaza njalo, ngenkathi sigwema ukumanzi kakhulu.
Izitshalo, zithambisa umswakama omncane, zikhulele esitsheni ngaphambi kokuvela kwamaqabunga okwesibili amaqabunga eqiniso. Khula i-lobelia ngaphandle kokuntywila ngokujwayelekile enyangeni eyi-1.
Izithombo zezithombo ze-lobelia.
Dive izithombo futhi unakekele lobelia abasha
Kamuva i-lobelia ye-dive yenziwa ngemuva kokunisela kanzima. Ama-bunchi afinyelela ku-5-6 lobelia ahlukaniswe ngokucophelela nge-spatula noma isipuni esincane. Izitshalo zibekwa hhayi eyodwa ngasikhathi, kepha "izidleke" endaweni eyodwa. Kwi-lobelia, ungasebenzisa amaphilisi we-peat, kanye "nezinyosi zezinyosi", kanye nezinkomishi zepulasitiki noma ze-peat.
Ukuze izitshalo ezisencane zikhule zibe namandla futhi zifezekise umphumela wokuhlobisa, zidinga ukuhlinzeka ngokucophelela, ngomusa. Izithombo zeLobelia ziyasaba isomiso esiphelele kanye nokugcwala kwamanzi. Umlenze omnyama ubhekwa njengeyingozi kakhulu kwi-lobelia, ikakhulukazi usongela iflaya lapho kugcina izithombo nezinsana ezifudumele, zisheshe zibhubhise zonke izitshalo lapho inhlabathi ifakwe amanzi. Ukunisela kwenziwa kancane, njengoba ukoma ongaphansi komhlaba, ukuvumela ukuba wome ungqimba olungaphezulu. Ngokungafani nabashayeli bezindiza abaningi, i-lobelia iqala ukondliwa osesigabeni sokuchelela: Umanyolo ufakwa emavikini amabili emva kokuthathwa. Ubuhle buzohlomula futhi bunciphe ngokuqina kokuqina.
Kukhona enye indlela yokukhula kwe-lobelia: ukukhula ngaphandle kokuntywila ungene esitsheni esisodwa noma ungene emanzini. Njengoba ihlobo leli lingasabi ukufakelwa futhi kukhula ngokulandelana, lapho kungekho khona indawo yezithombo ezikhulayo, i-lobelia ingatshalwa ngaphambi kokutshala inhlabathi ngqo ethangini lapho ihlwanyelwe khona. Kepha lapho ukutshala, kuphula (noma, ngokunemba, ukusika) ukhezo oboshwe ngokuqinile ube ngamaqembu ahlukene esidlekeni, izimpande zilimele, ezinye zezitshalo zilahleka ngokungenakuvinjwa.
IHardening lobelia izithombo
I-Lobelia ingaqala ukuqina cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokumba, ukuthatha izitshalo ezincane emoyeni omusha ngezinsuku ezifudumele ngokushesha nje lapho isimo sezulu sivuma. Ngenxa yokuqina okuhlala isikhathi eside, i-lobelia izokwazi ukumelana kangcono: izithombo zizokwazi ukubekezelela ukwehlisa amazinga okushisa ukuya kuma-degrees ama-2.
Izithombo ezikhethiwe ze-lobelia.
Ukutshala i-lobelia emhlabathini ovulekile
Izithombo zeLobelia enhlabathini evulekile zingadluliselwa kuphela ekupheleni kukaMeyi, ngoba ihlobo leli lizwela kakhulu ukubuyisa iqhwa namazinga okushisa aphansi.
Ibanga elifanele lokubamba lifinyelela ku-15 cm phakathi kwezihlahla. Ezitsheni nase-ampel, i-lobelia ingatshalwa eduze ukufeza ubukhazikhazi obuhle ngokwengeziwe.
Lapho utshala isitshalo, khumbula ukuthi i-lobelia izitshalo ezithanda ukukhanya eziqhakaza kahle endaweni enelanga (kuphela ama-nzalo kanye nezinhlobo zesimanje azesabi ukukhanya okukhona noma umthunzi okhanyayo). Futhi ngemuva kokutshala, izitshalo zidinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo, okuhlelekile - okunisela okuningi, kunxephezela isomiso sesikhashana noma sesikhashana. Leli yihlobo elithanda umswakama, lapho ukomiswa ngokuphelele kwenhlabathi kubangela ukuhanjiswa khona nokuqhakaza. Izihlahla ziyabuyiselwa, kepha ngaphandle kokunisela okuhleliwe kuzoba nzima ukufeza lobu buhle obuhle obuvela ku-lobelia. Kodwa-ke ukondla i-lobelia kuyadingeka ngokoqobo ngamanani amancane (i-lobelia ebunjiwe idliswa ngokohlelo olujwayelekile - isikhathi esingu-1 ngeviki, kepha imithamo encishisiwe, naku-lobelia yenhlabathi yanele izinqubo eziyi-1-2. Futhi ukuze i-lobelia iqhakaze ngokungagugi kuze kufike lapho iqhwa yokuqala, izodinga usizo: Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kunciphile, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuvunwa (noma sinciphise kuphela amahlumela athile aphelile).
ILobelia.
Ezinye izindlela zokuzala i-lobelia
Uma i-lobelia ikhule njengesitshalo esidala, khona-ke ngaphezu kwendlela yembewu, izindlela zezitshalo zingasetshenziswa - ukusikwa noma ukuhlukaniswa kwezihlahla. Le ndlela ukuphela kwendlela yokugcina ngokuphelele yokuhlukahluka kokuhlukahluka kwezinye izinhlobo ezi-hybrid ze-lobelia, okuthi, lapho zisakazwa ngembewu, zikhiqize izithombo ezinezici zokuhlukaniswa.
