Abantu bakhula ama-cherry ajwayelekile yonke indawo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, futhi akunakwenzeka ukwazi ngokuthembekile ukuthi kukhule kuphi isihlahla sokuqala sasendle, esasitshalwa ngaleso sikhathi. Namuhla, amazwe angaphezu kwamashumi amabili emhlabeni wonke akhiqiza ama-cherries ngezinga elikhulu kwezomnotho. Lesi isihlahla esiyingqayizivele esisebenzisa hhayi kuphela izithelo, kodwa futhi namaqabunga, amagxolo nezinkuni.
Ukuchazwa kafushane kwesitshalo
- Ukubukeka: Isihlahla esiqabayo noma shrub kusuka kumamitha ayi-1.5 kuye ku-5 amade, amaqabunga amaqabunga esikhathini sekwindla-nobusika.
- Izithelo: Amajikijolo amnandi futhi anamuncu omuncu we-drupe obomvu, obomvu obumnyama noma omnyama, aqukethe imbewu eyodwa.
- Umsuka: isithasiselo sezitshalo zohlobo lwePlum, ipinki yomndeni.
- Isikhathi sokuphila: iminyaka engamashumi amabili nanhlanu kuya kwamashumi amathathu.
- Ukumelana neqhwa: phezulu.
- Ukuchelela: Isitshalo esiphakathi nendawo, nesomiso esibekezelela isomiso.
- Inhlabathi: angathathi hlangothi, avundiswa kahle.
- Isimo sokukhanya: isitshalo esine-photophilous.
Izimbali ze-Cherry
Izimbali ezivamile
Izimbali ezingama-Cherry entwasahlobo zingumbono omuhle. Shono lesi sihlahla sitholakala emibhalweni yezincwadi yabalobi abahlukahlukene. Indlu kaShevchenko yase-Ukraine edolobhaneni ihlotshiswe ngengadi ye-cherry. Wonke umuntu uyazi umsebenzi ka-A.P. Chekhov "The Cherry Orchard". Izimbali ze-Cherry zimhlophe mhlophe noma zipinki ziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence wesambulela, ziyaqhakaza ekuqaleni kuka-May noma ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, ekuqaleni kukaJuni, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo nesimo sezulu. Izimbali ezimnandi izitshalo ezinhle zoju. Izinyosi ziqoqa impova nompe kuzo.
Ukuqhakaza kukaSakura
EJapan, izimbali ezingama-sakura cherry ziyiholide likazwelonke eligubha ekhaya nasemsebenzini. Gubha ngqo emvelweni eduze kwesihlahla esimnandi sezimbali ezipinki, usakaza izingubo ezinhle ezifudumele emhlabathini. Sakura blooms ngoMashi, ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Lesi sihlahla sokuhlobisa, kepha ezinye izinhlobo ziletha izithelo ezincane ezinomuncu, ezifanayo nama-cherries, amaJapane azibona zilusizo kakhulu futhi zibiza kakhulu.
I-Cherry ejwayelekile, engukhokho wezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, iyasebenziseka futhi ayigcini nokunambitheka okuhle, kepha futhi inokupholisa izakhiwo.
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali wezithelo ze-cherry
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zamakhekhe. Izinhlobo zokuqala zithela izithelo ngoJuni, izinhlobo eziphakathi ngoJulayi, izinhlobo sekwephuzile ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi no-Agasti. Izithelo ziqukethe:
- 7-17% ushukela
- 0.8-2.5% acid
- Ama-tannins angu-0.15-0.88%
- I-Vitamin tata equkethe i-carotene, i-folic acid, amavithamini e-B, uvithamini C
- I-Ionisite
- Ama-Anthocyanins
- Pectin
- Izinto ezinamaminerali
Ama-ripars atholakala ezithelo ngesimo se-glucose ne-fructose. Ama-organic acid - i-citric ne-malic. Ionitis isilawuli se-metabolic. Ama-Anthocyanins aqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi nama-capillaries. Amavithamini anomphumela wokubuyisela nokulawula kuwo wonke umzimba.
Usebenzisa Izithelo Zekherry
Ubani ongakaze anambithe okumnandi kwe-cherry jam? Lokhu kungukuvunwa kwendabuko kwama-cherries, alungiselelwe emazweni amaningi. Ngaphezu kwe-jam, ama-compotes, ujusi newayini kwenziwa, komiswa, kufakwa njengokugcwaliswa kwe-dumplings namaphayi. Izithelo cherries kudliwa okusha. Izinhlobo eziningi zinokunambitheka okuhle, ezilungele impilo ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini, amaminerali nezinye izinto ezizuzisayo.
Kukhona ukuphambana. Awukwazi ukudla ama-cherries kubantu abanezilonda zesisu ne-gastritis ene-acidity ephezulu. Uma kunenkambiso yama-allergies, ama-cherries kufanele futhi asetshenziswe ngokuqapha, njengazo zonke izithelo ezinombala obomvu.
I-Foliage neCherry Wood
Amacembe ama-Cherry, aqoqwe entwasahlobo futhi omisiwe, asetshenziselwa ukwenza itiye le-Vitamin. Ziqukethe ama-tannins (petioles ofhlamvu), i-dextrose, i-sucrose, ama-organic acid kanye nama-coumarins. Sebenzisa amaqabunga usawoti nokucola imifino ehlukahlukene.
Ikhishi isethi eyenziwe ngokhuni lwe-cherry
Izinkuni ze-Cherry zisetshenziselwa ukwenza ifenisha nezinto ezahlukahlukene zokhuni zasendlini. Inombala omuhle onsundu omnyama kumithunzi ehlukene futhi kulula ukuyicubungula. Kwaziswa kakhulu ngabathengi nabazingcweti.
Ukuhamba nokunakekela
UCherry akakuthandi ukuthunyelwa kwamanzi kohlelo lwezimpande ngenxa yamanzi asemhlabeni asondele ebusweni. Ikhula kabi emthunzini. Isihlahla sitshalwa ngo-Ephreli noma ngoSepthemba kumasango angathathi hlangothi, angafakwa umquba, hhayi omanzi kakhulu, endaweni enokhanya kahle, evikelwe emoyeni.
Isikimu sokutshala izithombo ze-cherry nokulungiselela ubusika
Uma lesi sitshalo sithengwa ekwindla sekwephuzile, sitshelwa emgobeni ngamakhilogremu angamashumi amane nanhlanu futhi simbozwe ngamagatsha aqhakaza nezinaliti ngaphandle ukuze isithombo singabandi ebusika futhi singalimali amagundane. Izinhlobo eziningi zama-cherries ziqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesithathu, unyaka wesine emva kokutshala. Umuthi omncane udinga ukunakekelwa okuhle, okubandakanya ukukhulula umhlaba embuthanweni oseduze, ukusebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali, ukuthambisa njalo, ukunisela amagatsha kanye nezindlela zokuthibela ezifweni ezinesixazululo seBordeaux liquid ne-chloroxide yethusi.
Izinhlobonhlobo cherries
Kunezinombolo eziningi (cishe ezingama-150) zamakheli ahluke ngesisindo nokunambitheka kwezithelo, isivuno sesihlahla, ukumelana nezifo, ukumelana nesithwathwa kanye nezikhathi zezimbali nezithelo. Cabanga ngezinhlobo ezintathu ezivamile eRussia.
Izinhlobo "Chocolate Girl"
Izinhlobonhlobo zokuzimela, ezithela phezulu zazivelela eRussia ngonyaka we-1996. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kufinyelela kumamitha amabili nengxenye. Ukukhula minyaka yonke ngamasentimitha angamashumi ayisikhombisa ukuphakama. Izithelo zi-burgundy emnyama cishe zimnyama, zinesisindo samagremu amathathu nohhafu. Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kumnandi futhi kumuncu. Iqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Izithelo uvuthwe maphakathi noJulayi. Ekuphekeni, asetshenziselwa kabanzi ukwenza i-jam, ujamu, amajikijolo omisiwe nezithelo zokudla. Le nhlobonhlobo imelana neqhwa futhi imelana nesomiso.
Okuhlukahlukene "Vladimirskaya"
Kubhekwa njengophawu lweDolobha laseVladimir, lapho lakhula khona kusukela ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha. Yisihlahla esakhiwa imidwebo eminingana, ukusuka kumitha amathathu kuya kwezinhlanu ukuphakama. Inani lokuvuna lincike esifundeni sokutshala.
Esihlahleni ngasinye ungaqoqa kuze kufike kumakhilogremu amabili amajikijolo. Izinhlobonhlobo azizethembi. Ukuze izithelo ziqalelwe ngaphakathi, sidinga inhlobonhlobo ye-pollinator cherry ekhula endaweni, iqhakaza kanyekanye nezinhlobonhlobo zokuzenzela. Ubukhulu be-fetus buncane noma bukhulu, umbala ubomvu mnyama. Ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kumuncu, kumnandi kakhulu. Amajikijolo asetshenziselwa ukwenza ujamu namajamu, omile futhi aqandisiwe. Izimo zokutshala nokunakekela ziyefana nezinhlobo eziningi.
Izinhlobonhlobo "Shpanka"
Izalwe e-Ukraine ngokukhethwa kwabantu, i-hybrid yama-cherries nama-cherries Umuthi omude onomqhele oyindilinga, ozivunayo. I-fruiting inala, kusuka esihlahleni somdala, okuqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesithupha, wesikhombisa wokuphila, ukuqoqa njalo kuze kufike kumakhilogremu angama-45. Izithelo ezibomvu zinenyama engenawo umbala, ophuzi ngokunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu. Isisindo sezithelo cishe singama-5 g. Ngaphezu kwamakhekhe endabuko, le wayini ikhiqiza iwayini lekhwalithi enhle.
Ukunakekelwa kwesihlahla nokutshala kwehlukile kwezinye izinhlobo. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyabekezelela kahle amaqandeni amakhulu, kuthela izithelo kangcono ngokunisela njalo nangamanyolo wezimbiwa, kanye nezindlela zokuvimbela izifo ezithile.
