I-Asters yonyaka, noma i-Callistefus

Ama-aster anonyaka owodwa angenye yabasakazi abaningi kakhulu nabathandekayo, ekuqaleni abashayeli bezindiza "bethu". Naphezu komncintiswano omkhulu, indawo yabo ecishe ibophezelekile ekwakhiweni kwengadi ihlala ingashintshiwe. Ukukhetha okukhulu bobunjwa, osayizi nemibala yama-asters akunakulinganiswa. Zi-nostalgic, daring, zakudala, zothando, zokweqile, zinkulu futhi zincane, zivumela isithandwa ngasinye ukuba sikhethe okuhlukahlukene esikuthandayo. Futhi ngasikhathi sinye, wonke ama-asters angonyaka owodwa, ngaphandle kokunye, ahlala emaflaya angenakho konke futhi aqine, ukutshala kwawo okungenzeka ngisho nakubaqalayo.

Incazelo yama-aster wonyaka

Ama-aster anonyaka owodwa, ngaphandle kokusatshalaliswa kwawo okukhulu nokuthandwa okungapheli, ahlala ezitshalo ezidala ukudideka okuningi. Igama elithi "aster" ligxiliwe ngokuqinile kubo kangangokuthi abanaki "imininingwane" ye-botanical negama lesiLatini, bavame ukulilahla ngisho nasezikhwameni zembewu. Okwamanje, ama-aster wonyaka awawona ama-aster nhlobo. Lezi izitshalo zohlobo I-Callistefus (I-Callistephus), abangathandi ukubabiza ngamagama abo. Okwenza lesi simo sibe sibi kakhulu ukuthi ezweni lethu ama-callistefuse abizwa nje ngokuthi ama-asters asengadini noma ama-asters amaShayina, yize leli gama lihlanganisa nezilwane ezikhula njalo esikweni lasengadini.

Ama-aster wonyaka, ngokungafani nama-perennials, "asemncane" ngokwengeziwe: ukuqala kokusetshenziswa kwawo okusebenzayo kwehla kuphela ngekhulu le-19. Kepha lezi zitshalo ezingenasizotha nezikhanyayo zathola ukuthandwa ngokushesha kangangokuba eminyakeni yokuqala edlule zathola isihloko sehlobo eliyisisekelo, elihlobo. Igama le-callistefus libonisa ngokuqondile ukuziqhenya kwalo okuyinhloko - obhasikidi abiza kakhulu ama-inflorescences (kusuka ku-Greek "callinos stephos" - "wreath amahle").

I-Callistefus Chinese (I-Callistephus chinensis) okuwukuphela kwezinhlobo zezitshalo kuhlobo lwe-Callistefus. Ama-asters wemvelo noma asendle awatholakali emasikweni. Lezi izitshalo ezingafakwanga izimbali, ezishintshwe isikhathi eside ngemizamo yabafuyi. Izinhlobo zama-Hybrid kanye namafomu asetshenziswa kusiko lezamasiko abhalwe ngokusemthethweni ngokuhlukile - I-Callistephus x shinensis, kepha konke kutholakala ngesisekelo se-callistefus yesiShayina, ukupela okunjalo kwegama lale nhlobo kuvunyelwe. Njengawo wonke ama-asters, ama-callistefus amelela umndeni we-Compositae. Igama lezinhlobo libonisa ngokucacile indawo engokwemvelo ye-callistefus, emboza eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Asia.

Ama-callistefus amaChinese ayimibhalo ebabazekayo engafani kakhulu ngosayizi, kepha ngaso sonke isikhathi abe nohlelo olunamandla lwezimpande kanye namahlumela. Izimpande zazo zinemicu emincane, enamagatsha amaningi, elele ngokujulile, evumela ukuthi isitshalo sikwazi ukubhekana kahle nesomiso. Izindondo ezinzima futhi ziqondile, zivame ukuhluma kakhulu, zidwetshwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani noma zibomvu kancane. E-aster enonyaka owodwa, amaqabunga makhulu impela, ngaphansi kwesiqu abahlala kuzo izidlakudla, phezulu - kungenamahlamvu, kepha kuhlale kuhlelwe ngendlela elandelayo. I-Rhombic, i-oval, ebanzi i-lanceolate, zibonisa umphetho omuhle - ukusuka emazinyweni amakhulu kuya emaphethelweni wedolobha noma afihlekile. Ama-inflorescence ama-asters aqashelwa kalula. Ama-callistefuse akha amabhasikidi amakhulu, ajwayelekile, aqukethe izimbali ezingama-tubular nezomhlanga (futhi kaningi imigqa eminingana ye- "petals" yesikhashana), kanye nohlobo lwezimbali olulodwa noma zombili zingadlala indima yokuhlobisa. Ama-Terry inflorescence abonakala kakhulu kuma-aster wonyaka.

Isikimu sombala wama-aster waminyaka yonke sihluke ngokumangazayo. Iphalethi lamathunzi namathoni lifaka hhayi kuphela yonke ingxenye emhlophe-ebomvu-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yesondo lemibala, kodwa futhi ngophuzi, okhilimu. Phakathi kwama-asters, wonke ama-tension pink, i-carmine, i-raspberry, onsomi, onsomi, i-violet kanye ne-lilac tones anikezwa ngokucebile. Ukusuka kokukhanya okukhanyayo nokuthe xaxa kuya kumnyama, kucishe kube mnyama, okwangempela, cishe imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma imibala yeswidi elijwayelekile - kunokuningi ongakukhetha kukho. Ngokwesimo sombala, ama-aster angama-monophonic, anemibala emibili, imidwebo (enemicu ehlukile) noma i-watercolor (enokushintsha okuthambile kwemibala yemibala).

Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sama-aster waminyaka yonke ngokuqondile kuncike ekutheni iyiphi indlela yokulima abayikhethile, kepha kuthinta isikhathi nezimpawu zezinhlobonhlobo ezithile. Lapho sikhule ngezithombo nezinhlobo zokuqala, ama-aster aqhakaza ngoJuni, lapho sihlwanyelwa enhlabathini - kuphela ngoSepthemba. Inganekwane yokuthi uma kukhula ama-inflorescence, ama-callistefus aqhakaza kamuva, ayihlali inesizathu. Ukusuka kuzithombo kuya kuma-asters aqhakaza isikhathi kunezinsuku ezingama-80 kuya kwezingu-130.

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, ama-aster asethe ama-achenes amakhulu avuthwa ngokuphelele kumaviki awu 4-5 ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali. Imbewu ye-Aster ihlala isebenza okungenani iminyaka emibili, uma nje igcinwa ipholile futhi imnyama.

I-aster yonyaka, noma i-Chinese Callistephus (Callistephus chinensis).

I-Callistefus ehlukahlukene

Kunzima ngisho nokucabanga ngesitshalo sengadi esivuna izinhlobo ezifanayo njenge-callistefus. Okungenani kule asterpar aster nakanjani ayinabancintisani phakathi konyaka. Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezine, uhlu lwazo okwenziwa njalo ngonyaka ngezinhlobo ezintsha, zinikeza ukhetho olukhulu. Kunzima, kepha akwenzeki, ukuzulazula ezinhlobonhlobo zama-aster wonyaka. Ngokwezimpawu nezibonakaliso ezisobala impela - ukusuka esimweni sama-inflorescence kuya kumbala, ukuphakama, ukwakheka kwesihlahla - ungakhetha izinhlobo ezifanele zomsebenzi wokuhlobisa. Ukuhlukaniswa okumangalisa okuhle, ukuhlukanisa ama-aster ngamaqembu angaphezu kwama-40 ngokwezimpawu zawo eziyinhloko, kusiza ukuthi kungadideki kuzo zonke izinhlobo eziningi ezinhle kakhulu ze-callistefus ezethulwe emakethe yezimbali.

Ukuhlukaniswa okulula (futhi okukhulu) kwe-asters kuhlukanise kube ngamaqembu amahlanu ngokuya ngosayizi wesihlahla:

1. Ama-aster Giant ayizinhlobonhlobo ezinokuphakama kwesitshalo okungama-80 cm kuya ku-1 m.
2. Ama-aster aphezulu - izinhlobo kusuka ku-60 kuye kuma-80 cm ukuphakama.
3. Ama-aster Medium ahlukahlukene ukusuka ku-40 kuye ku-60 cm ukuphakama.
4. Ama-asters akhula kancane ukusuka ku-20 kuye kuma-40 cm ukuphakama.
5. Ama-aswar asters ubukhulu bawo obukhulu bunqunyelwe ku-20 cm cm onesizotha.

Eqenjini ngalinye, kunomehluko phakathi kwezitshalo ngokuya ngesimo sokukhula noma i-silhouette. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo kukhona ukusabalala (izihlahla ezibanzi ezinobuthakathaka, ukwakheka okuxekethile), i-pyramidal, i-oval, isixhaxha noma umshanelo (amatshana ebanzi anefomu elizinzile, awusabalali kakhulu, anwebeka ngaphezulu), ama-asterar asemakhondweni. Indawo yokuhlala yesitshalo kufanele icatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa ama-asters wokufaka ama-accents amakhulu futhi adale umphumela wokutshala okuqhubekayo.

Ukukhethwa kwama-asters wonyaka ngobude nangejamo kukuvumela ukuthi uthole isitshalo esifanelana kahle nomsebenzi osetwe ngaphambi kweflaya.

Ngokwezindlela zokusebenzisa, ama-aster ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu:

1. Ukusika izinhlobo eziphezulu ngama-inflorescence amakhulu, kubonakaliswa ama-peduncle aqinile futhi amade.
2. Izinhlobo ze-Universal ezinamapharamitha "aphakathi".
3. Ama-case aster mancane futhi aqine, alungele imingcele, iziqukathi, amabhodwe, imihlobiso yengadi yezimbali.

Kepha ukwahlukaniswa okunjalo kuyangqubuzana kakhulu. Kufanele ugxile njalo entweni ethile noma ekwakhiweni okuthile. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobonhlobo eziphakeme naphakathi nendawo ze-asters zinika ivolumu nobukhazikhazi emibhedeni yezimbali nakuma-mixborder, zingasetshenziswa njengama-accents noma enkabeni yamaqembu otshanini. Ukusuka kuma-asters, ungakha ngisho nokuma okuqinile nokuqanjwa "okuqondile" ngesilinganiso esicacile sezindawo eziphakeme ukusuka ezilinganisweni ezinde kuya kwezilwanyane.

Isikhathi sezimbali naso sibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ngenxa yokukhethwa okukhulu kwezinhlobo, ungathatha ama-aster aqhakaza kusuka ngoJuni kuya kusihlwa. Izinhlobo ziyahlukahluka kubude besikhathi sokukhula.

Zonke i-asters zonyaka zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu:

1. Ama-aster asemuva akwazi ukuqhakaza izinsuku ezingama-83- 60 emva kokuqhuma.
2. Ama-asters aphakathi nendawo, isigaba esimeleleke kunazo zonke, okuvela kuso ukuqhuma kwezithombo kuya ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-107 kuya kwezingama-120.
3. Ama-asters asemuva kwesikhathi, isikhathi sokukhula esidlula izinsuku ezingama-120.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-callisthus ngesimo nezimpawu zezakhi zezimbali kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ukuhlukaniswa okuyisisekelo kufaka ukuhlukaniswa kwazo zonke i-asters ngezigaba ezintathu ezinkulu ngokuya ngokuma kwesakhiwo se-inflorescence:

• I-Reed Asters Class - zonke izinhlobo lapho izimbali zomhlanga zinikeza umphumela wokuhlobisa, ngenkathi izimbali ze-tubular zingabonakali, zifihlwe enkabeni ye-inflorescence.
• Isigaba se-Tubular asters - Umphumela wokuhlobisa ezinhlotsheni ezinjalo udalwa kuphela yizimbali zebhubhu, kuyilapho umhlanga ungabonakali futhi uyimbalwa ngenani.
• Isigaba Sokulwa Kwama-Asters, lapho kuzo zombili izinhlana ze-tubular, umhlanga, nezishintshayo zibalulekile ngokulinganayo emiphumeleni yokuhlobisa.

"Imininingwane" yokuhlobisa yokwakheka kwama-inflorescence, ukwakheka kwawo kusebenza njengesisekelo sokuqokomisa izinhlobo, amaqembu noma izinhlobonhlobo zama-asters wonyaka. Kukholelwa ukuthi inani lamaqembu ngamanye ama-aster waminyaka yonke angama-44, futhi eqenjini ngalinye izitshalo ziyehluka ngombala kuphela. Kodwa ukwahlukaniswa okuhlanganisiwe, okwamukelwa ngokuvamile kwe-callistefus akukakakhiwa; ukubukeka kwezinhlobo ezintsha kwethula izinguquko ezingapheli kukho. Ekukhetheni kwezitshalo, kungcono njalo ukugxila kumingcele ethile.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-aster wonyaka ngokuya ngezimpawu ngazinye:

• ngesimo se-inflorescences i-asters ihlukaniswe kabili (spherical), hemispherical, plano-isiyingi futhi isicaba;
• ngokuya ngezinga le-terry ama-callistefus alula, ayinasiphinda kabili futhi kabili;
• ngosayizi wezimbali ama-aster ahlukaniswe izimbali ezincane, ezinezimbali eziphakathi nendawo ezinkulu;
• ngesimo sokuhlelwa kwezimbali ku-inflorescence ama-aster angomumo wenaliti, obunjiwe, opothene, o-coronal.

Futhi lokhu akumelwe ukusho iqiniso lokuthi izimbali zomhlanga zingaba zezimo ezahlukahlukene - kusuka kusikhafu esithe xaxa kufana ne-scaphoid, iribhoni-efana ne-curl-shaped, i-curly, i-wavy, esisonteke yaba amashubhu, omise okwenaliti nohlaka lwayo!

Lapho ukhetha i-asters, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe kwenye ipharamitha lapho izitshalo zihluka kakhulu phakathi kwazo - lokhu kungukuphikiswa kwezifo. Ama-Asters ahlukaniswe yiqembu lezinhlobonhlobo ezijwayelekile nama-cultivars anokumelana okungaphezulu kwe-fusarium. Imvamisa, imininingwane yokusimelela ihlala iboniswa kumalebula wembewu.

I-aster yonyaka, noma i-Chinese Callistephus (Callistephus chinensis).

Ama-aster anonyaka owodwa ekwakhiweni kwengadi

Ama-callistefuse angenye yezimpukane eziguquguqukayo ezifanele kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezingadi zanoma yisiphi isitayela, usayizi nephalethi yombala. Ukuhluka okunjalo kuhlotshaniswa ngokuyinhloko nezinhlobonhlobo zama-aster wonyaka. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukuba khona kwezinhlobo ezingaphansi futhi ezinamahlahla, izinhlobo eziphakeme nezisezingeni eliphakeme zivumela i-aster ukuthi idlale izindima ezahlukahlukene.

Ekubunjweni komhlaba, ama-callistefus asebenzisa:

• kwemingcele kanye nokufika ngaphambili;
• emibhedeni yezimbali evela ehlobo nasezintweni otshanini;
• ku-monovidy rabatki;
• ukuhlobisa imibhede yezimbali kanye nemingcele exubene nama-accents aqhakaza;
• emaqenjini emvelo nokuma komhlaba;
• ukugcwalisa ama-voids kanye nama-glade, uthathe indawo yehlobo nentwasahlobo;
• njengesiqukathi nesitshalo sebhodwe sokuhlobisa izindawo zokuzijabulisa nezindawo zokuphephela;
• yokulima ukusika ezingadini zokugcina izithombo nasemhlabathini ovulekile.

Okokuqala, ama-asters adlala indima yomhlobiso oqhakaza wezingoma ngamehlo engxenyeni yesibili yesizini. Ama-Asters ayizindlovukazi zasekwindla, ngaphandle kwazo akunakwenzeka ukucabanga ukuqoqwa kwamaflaya kuze kube yilapho ama-aster zaphakade ebhekwa njengabambiqhaza abalulekile ezingomeni eziyisisekelo zengadi.

Ama-aster anonyaka owodwa aphakathi kwezintandokazi zabalimi hhayi kuphela, kodwa nabalimi. Zimi ngokuphelele emanzini ngemuva kokusikwa. Kuyiqiniso, ukuze ujabulele ubuhle besitshalo, kubalulekile ukugcina imithetho yokusika ama-inflorescence. Ama-buds we-callistefus awakwazi ukusikwa, kufanele aqhakaze ngokuphelele. Ukusika kwenziwa ekuseni kakhulu, ngokushesha ukubeka izimbali emanzini.

Ozakwethu be-Callistefus

Ama-Asters ahlanganiswe kahle omunye komunye, okuvumela ukuthi ukhethe izinhlobo ukuze udale umjaho odlulayo ogelezayo, izihloko ezinemibala eyinkimbinkimbi nezingoma ezihlukile ngevolumu nangemvelo. Zivame ukutshala izaphulelo noma imibhede yezimbali yehlobo, ngaphandle kokuxubana nezinye izinhlobo. Kodwa lokhu akusho neze ukuthi kunzima ukubiza ama-callistefus nezilimo zasengadini.

Cishe noma imaphi amaflaya angabalingani abalungele ama-aster wonyaka. Kungcono ukugxila ekukhetheni kwabangane bemisebenzi yokuhlobisa, umehluko wemidwebo, amaqabunga kanye ne-inflorescences nephalethi yombala. Ubuhle bama-asters anama-inflorescence abo e-terry bugcizelelwa ngokuphelele yi-lo Loauia ye-lace kanye ne-verbena, egcizelela ama-inflorescence amakhulu ngamabhishi e-lobularia yasolwandle noma i-godson enemibala emibili, ama-sages avuthayo wonyaka, ama-marigolds kanye ne-calendula ethandwa kakhulu yi-aster "eyandulelayo".

Ama-asters anonyaka owodwa agcizelela ngempumelelo ubuhle bezinye izinkanyezi zasekwindla - gladioli.

Lapho ukhetha indawo engadini yezimbali, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi phakathi kwezitshalo zaphakade, ubuhle bama-asters bugcizelelwa kakhulu ngamabele okuhlobisa, izitshalo ezinamahlamvu okuhlobisa (ama-cuffs, umhlonyane, ama-geraniums, amaqabunga e-spruce, njll.), Izitshalo zekhava yomhlabathi kanye ne-perennials enamandla, njenge-phlox, i-heliopsis, ama-chrysanthemums nama-perennial chrysanthemums.

Izimo ezikhulayo zama-aster waminyaka yonke

Onke ama-callistefus, ngaphandle kokunye, ayizitshalo ezithwebula izithombe. Noma zingakhulelwanga ukusikwa, ama-aster wonyaka ngeke akujabulise ezindaweni ezinezithunzi eziningi. Izitshalo ze-penumbra ezikhanyayo ziyabekezelela, noma izimbali ziba zimbi kakhulu, ngoba ama-aster kuhlale kungcono ukukhetha izindawo ezinelanga. Indawo yokukhulisa i-aster ingahlala ivulekile futhi inomoya ngokwanele: i-aster isitshalo esibandayo futhi esingasabi ngesakhiwo esiyilwayo. Kepha ezindaweni ezivikelwe, kuqhakaza kahle kakhulu. Kukholelwa ukuthi i-aster ifinyelela ekuhlobiseni kwayo okugcwele lapho ivikelwe khona ekushiseni okwedlulele enhlabathini entsha. Isithambeka eseningizimu noma i-mixborder esuselwa eningizimu akuyona indawo enhle kakhulu kuyo.

Ngenxa yokukhuthazela kwayo, ama-callistefus abalwa kufanelekile njengokuthi anciphise ihlobo lomhlabathi. Kepha, njengazo zonke izitshalo eziqhakazayo, umphumela wokuhlobisa omkhulu kakhulu kusuka kuma-aster kungenzeka kuphela ezimeni ezifanele. Zizoqhakaza emhlabathini ompofu, kepha ngeke ziveze ubuhle bazo obugcwele. Izinhlabathi ezi-Loamy noma yimuphi omunye umuntu okhanyayo, ovunyelwe ukungena emanzini, otshalwe kahle futhi ovundile womhlabathi ulungele i-asters yonyaka. Impendulo yenhlabathi ye-callistefus kufanele ingathathi hlangothi noma isondele kokungathathi hlangothi. Okuqukethwe komquba nodaba olusha lwe-organic kufakwa ku-contraind kwalesi sitshalo, kanye nokutshala enhlabathini enomswakama, ezindaweni ezinamazinga aphakeme amanzi omhlaba noma ubungozi bokubhubha kwamanzi ngemvula enkulu.

Lapho ukhetha indawo yokubeka ama-asters waminyaka yonke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ayikwazi ukutshala endaweni efanayo (kuyalulekwa ukuthatha ikhefu phakathi kokutshala eminyakeni eyi-4-5), nangemva kwama-tulips, ama-carnation kanye ne-gladioli. Ama-Marigolds ne-calendula, angaguqulwa ngayo emibhedeni yezimbali yamahlobo, kubhekwa njengabanduleli abahamba phambili be-aster yonyaka.

I-aster yonyaka, noma i-Chinese Callistephus (Callistephus chinensis).

Ukutshala kwe-callistefus

Ngokutshala ama-aster wonyaka, indawo kumele ihlale ilungiselelwe kusengaphambili. Kwi-callistefus, ukulungiswa kuthathwa njengejwayelekile hhayi izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala, kepha ekwindla, okuvumela ukufeza ikhwalithi yenhlabathi engcono nokutholakala okukhulu kwezakhi zomzimba. Ukuze uthole i-aster yaminyaka yonke, inhlabathi kumele ibiwe ngokujulile. Umanyolo ovuthiwe we-organic (umquba noma i-humus) kanye nomanyolo ogcwele wamaminerali usetshenziswa enhlabathini kumthamo ojwayelekile. Kumhlabathi ovundile, ungakhawulela ngokwakho ezintweni ezi-organic. Uma izici zenhlabathi ziphambuka kusuka kokuphakeme, zithuthukiswa nge-peat nesihlabathi.

Ibanga lezitshalo ezingomakhelwane lapho utshala ama-callistefus ngqo lixhomeka ekuphakameni kwezihlahla. Ama-asterea akhula kancane atshalwe ebangeni le-10-20 cm, ama-aster asemaphakathi aphakathi kwawo angama-20-30 cm, ukuphakama kusuka ku-30 ​​kuya ku-40 cm.

Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ngokutshala izithombo ze-astra, kepha izitshalo zidinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela. Ama-Asters-abashayeli bezindiza angatshalwa kwizimbobo ngazinye, nasemigqeni, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa isikhathi esiningi ukuthambisa izimbobo ngaphambi kokutshala. Kuyalulekwa, kepha akudingekile, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpande ziqonde, hhayi zigobile: noma ngomonakalo, izimpande ze-callistefus zibuyiselwa ngokuphelele. Vele, uma kungenzeka, kungcono njalo ukugcina igumbi lobumba liqinile. Izitshalo zibekiwe ukuze indawo yokukhula ihlale isezingeni lomhlabathi, ukujula kwalesi sitshalo akwamukeleki. Inhlabathi ihlanganiswe ngokucophelela futhi igxunyekwe, ngokwethembekile ibeka isitshalo. Ukutshala kuqedwa ngokunisela okuninginingi kanye nokufakwa kwenhlabathi emhlabathini ngenhlabathi eyomile.

Ukunakekelwa Kwe-Asters Kwonyaka

Ngokungafani nalabo esincintisana nabo abaningi, ama-callistefuse awadingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi futhi noma ekhula ngokusika, aneliswa ukunakekelwa okuncane - ukuthambisa okungavamile, ukugqoka okuphezulu ukwandisa izimbali nokukhula.

Ukunisela ama-aster wonyaka ngenxa yokubekezelela isomiso esanele ngeke kudingeke ukwenziwa ngokuhlelekile. Izinqubo zizodingeka yisitshalo kuphela lapho isomiso sidonsa futhi kuba nokushisa okukhulu. Izitshalo zingenza ngaphandle kokunisela, kodwa kulokhu, ukuqhakaza kuzoncipha, noma ngisho nokuma, amahlamvu ngokushesha azolahlekelwa umphumela wawo wokuhlobisa. Ukuchelela i-callistefus kufanele kube kuningi, kuthambisa umhlabathi ngokujulile, kepha akuvamile. Imvamisa ezikhathini ezomile, noma ehlobo, ukuthambisa okungama-1-2 ngeviki kwanele. Ukuswakama ngokweqile kanye nokunisela komhlaba kuyingozi ngokulinganayo. Ngaphansi kwesimo senqubo yokuchayeka ngokweqile kwisomiso, ama-aster azokwazi ukuqhakaza ngokunganqikazi ngaphambi kokufika kweqhwa.

Ukusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuya kuma-friji, ama-aster wonyaka angaqhakaza kuphela uma engantuli izakhi zomsoco. Umquba wama-callistefuse ubaluleke kakhulu yize utshalelwe enhlabathini evundile enamanyolo. Ama-callistefuse, ikakhulukazi kusetshenziswa umanyolo wamaminerali, ama-organics asetshenziswa kuphela emhlabathini ompofu kakhulu futhi ikakhulukazi ngesimo se-mulch noma i-liquid top dress. Kuma-aster wonyaka sebenzisa isu lokujwayelekile lomanyolo:

1. Emavikini la-2-2 ngemuva kwekuhlanyele letitjalo, titjalo tondziswa indinganiso (40-60 g ngemitha tikwele ngalinye letihlanyelwe) incenye yemanyolo lamanyenti aphelele emafomu lesomile noma emafutsa.
2. Ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza, kufakwa umanyolo we-50-60 g wamanyolo we-potassium-phosphorus (ngesikwele semitha ngayinye yokutshala), ngaphandle kwamanyolo we-nitrogen ekugqokeni okuphezulu.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, konke ukunakekela ama-aster wonyaka kuza ngaphansi kokulawula ukhula. Ukhula ngezitshalo luhlanganiswa nokukhululwa kwenhlabathi okungaxhunyiwe. Ukwakheka kokuqothuka kwenhlabathi ngaphansi kokutshala kwe-callistefus akufanele kuvunyelwe. Zombili izinqubo zingenziwa lula nge-mulching, kepha ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuthi ungqimba oluvikelayo aluholeli ekujuleni ngokweqile kwezitshalo. Ama-inflorescence aqothulayo asuswa kuphela ngaphambili - lapho ashaqeka khona. Kuyiqiniso, ukusika okufika ngesikhathi kuzovumela lesi sitshalo ukuba siqhakaze ngokungapheli, kepha kuyaqabukela baphendukele kulo kuleli hlobo, bakhetha ukushiya obhasikidi wenzalo yokuvuthwa bese beqoqa ngokuzimela.

Ukunakekela i-callistefus, okutshalwe emabhodweni nasezitsheni, kuhlukile kunakekela izitshalo ezitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Ama-asters nawo abekezelela isomiso. Kepha kungcono ukuzinkcenkceshela ukuvimbela ukoma isikhathi eside kwe-substrate. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kusetshenziselwa kaningi, njalo emavikini ayi-2-3. Ukususa izimbali eziphelayo namaqabunga aphuzi kukuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze ukuhlobisa nokwandisa ukuqhakaza isikhathi eside.

Ama-asters anonyaka owodwa awakwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi izitshalo ezingamelana nazo. Ngokunakekelwa okungafanele, enhlabathini ene-acid noma enomswakama, bavame ukuhlushwa izifo. I-Fusarium wilt, i-blight sekwephuzile, ukugqwala, ukubala nokulimala onsundu - lezi zinkinga kufanele zibhekane nazo kulinyalo lwe-callistefus. I-Fusarium ijwayelekile ikakhulukazi, ingozi yokulimazeka okuphezulu ngokugcwala kukamanyolo we-nitrogen nomswakama omningi womhlabathi. Kukholelwa ukuthi izithombo ze-astra zitholakala kalula kangangokuba kulula ukubhubhisa izitshalo ngokushesha kunokuba ulwe nezifo. Kepha uma kunesifiso sokuzama ukusindisa iqoqo, kuzodingeka ngokushesha uqale ngokuwelashwa nge-fungicides e-systemic.

Kutholakala ku-callistefus nezinambuzane. Ama-aster anonyaka owodwa, ikakhulukazi uma ukhulele emibhedeni yezimbali ehehayo futhi emasikweni ebhodweni, uvame ukuhlushwa izigaxa zezintwala kanye nesigcawu. Bathanda i-callistefus nama-slugs, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthatha izinyathelo ngokushesha ukuvikela izitshalo.

Izithombo of asters njalo ngonyaka.

Ukushicilelwa kwama-asters wonyaka

I-Callistefus ikhulwe kusuka ezinhlanyelweni kuphela, ayikho enye indlela engenziwa ngalezi zintandokazi zonyaka. Kepha lapha ungakhetha indlela yokulima ngokubona kwakho, ngokuya ngamakhono, amakhono kanye nesimo sezulu.

Ama-aster wonyaka akhula:

• ngokusebenzisa izithombo;
• ukuhlwanyela emhlabathini.

Izithombo - ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezikhiqiza kakhulu. Akukuvumeli nje kuphela ukuthi ujabulele ukuqhakaza okugcwele, kodwa futhi inketho "ethembekile" yokukhula kwe-callistefus ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima. Ama-Asters ahlwanyelwa izithombo engxenyeni yokuqala yentwasahlobo, kusukela eshumini lesibili likaMashi. Ukuhlwanyelwa ngasekupheleni kukaMashi kubhekwa njengokufanele. Ezitshalweni, noma yiziphi iziqukathi ezingashoni nomhlabathi okhanyayo ofanelekile kufanelekile. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, i-substrate iyabalwa noma ibulawe ngama-fungicides. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngokumboza kancane imbewu ngenhlabathi efafazwe noma i-humus (ungqimba kuze kufike ku-0,5 cm), kwisendlalelo esiswakeme. Ngaphansi kwesiqukathi sefilimu noma izingilazi kufakwa egumbini elinokushisa komoya okuyi-18 kuya ku-20 degrees Celsius. Ama-Asters anesikhathi esifushane sokulinda izithombo futhi athatha kuphela isonto eli-1 (izithombo zokuqala zingavela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ezokugcina ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14). Izithombo ze-Astra zizizwa zikhulu ebumnyameni (kodwa zingaphansi kuka-15 degrees Celsius) futhi emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. Dive izitshalo ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela iqabunga lokuqala leqiniso. Ukutshala ngokuhlwanyela kusenesikhathi kwenziwa ezitsheni ezisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, amabhokisi, uma ehlwanyelwe sekwedlule isikhathi, emigqonyeni yengadi enamanzi nomhlaba ovulekile onesiphephelo kusuka kusiqalo sokubuya sekwephuzile. Ngokutshala izithombo enhlabathini, amagama afanele umucu ophakathi kufanelekile - ukuphela kukaMeyi noma ukuqala kukaJuni, kepha ngenxa yokuthi lesi sitshalo simelana neqhwa size sifinyelele ku-4, ukutshala okunesimo sezulu esivumayo kungashintshwa kube maphakathi noMeyi.

Ukuhlwanyela ngqo endaweni yokulinyelwa kuhlotshaniswa nokuqhakaza kwezimbali sekwedlule isikhathi, okuthe izifunda ezinobusika obukhulu bungasho ukuthi akukho eziqhakaza nakancane. Ngaye, izinhlobo zokuqala kuphela naphakathi kwama-asters afanelekile. Ngale ndlela yezitshalo ezikhulayo inamandla, ziyaqhakaza isikhathi eside futhi zibabazekayo. Isikhathi esifanele sokutshala i-aster enhlabathini yishumi lesithathu lika-Ephreli kanye neshumi leminyaka lokuqala likaMeyi, ngezitshalo zokukhosela ukuvikela emafrijini okubuya noma ekuhlwanyeleni ubusika. Ngokuhlwanyela ubusika, ama-aster aqhakaza kuphela amasonto ama-2 kamuva kunangezithombo ezikhulayo. Kuma-aster kusengaphambili, kungcono ekwindla, udinga ukulungisa indawo, ugaya ngokujulile umhlabathi futhi wenze umanyolo ogcwele wamaminerali kanye nomquba kuwo. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa emiseleni engajulile. Ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela kwentwasahlobo, kuzodingeka ukuchewa. Amahlumela amasha ajwayelekile ngezinsuku ezifudumele futhi ambozwe ngamakhaza, kancane kancane angena. Ukuncwalwa noma ukuhlwanyelwa ibanga le-10-15 cm phakathi kwezithombo kwenziwa ngemuva kokuvela kwesiqabunga sesithathu sangempela. Izitshalo ezingeziwe zingasetshenziswa njengezithombo.

Ukutshala kalula ama-asters ezithombo zezithombo ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nezindawo ezishisayo, okukuvumela ukuthi unciphise kancane ukulindela kwezimbali. Le ndlela ikhula ikakhulukazi ezinhlobonhlobo zokuqala namaphakathi zama-asters. Inhlabathi ilungiswa kusenesikhathi, ibulala amagciwane ngendlela efanayo nezithombo ezikhulayo. Imibandela yokuhlwanyela nokukhula ayihlukile kunendlela yokutshala.