Hhayi izinyosi kuphela, kodwa futhi nama-bumblebees angaqoqa umpe futhi athole uju, yibona abondla inzalo yabo, noma kunjalo, ama-bumblebees awenzi izinqolobane zoju ebusika. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ama-bumblebees ahlala ihlobo elilodwa kuphela, isibeletho esisodwa kuphela ebusika. Entwasahlobo uyaphaphama futhi abheke eduze komakhelwane eyofuna isidleke esifanelekile. Ungahlelelwa noma kuphi: emgodini omdala we-Woodpecker noma squirrel, emgodini wegundane noma i-hedgehog. Into esemqoka ukuthi “igumbi” kufanele livalwe ukuze izinga lokushisa elithile ligcinwe ngaphakathi.
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Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi izimbungulu zidlala indima enkulu ekungcolisweni kwezitshalo ezahlukahlukene ngenkathi zithuthukisa ezolimo enyakatho. Iqiniso ukuthi ama-bumblebees angenye yezinambuzane ezivimbela ukubanda kakhulu, azivumelanisa kahle nokuphila ezimeni ezinzima zenyakatho, lapho abanye abapholi bemvelo bengakwazi ukuhlala noma ukundiza isikhashana. AmaBumblebees afinyelela enyakatho aya eGreenland, eNovaya Zemlya, eChukotka nase-Alaska. Ukuphikiswa okungabanda kangako kwalezi zinambuzane kuhlotshaniswa nobunyoninco bokuqina komzimba wabo. Kuyemukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi izinambuzane ziyizilwane ezinamagazi abandayookushisa komzimba wakhe akuhlukile ekushiseni okukhona. Kepha lapho sebeqala ukukala izinga lokushisa lomzimba lezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene e-Elbrus nase Khibiny, kwavela ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomzimba we-bumblebees ngokwesilinganiso lifinyelela ku-40 ° C futhi lingadlula izinga lokushisa elikhona ngama-20 - 30 °. Ukushisa okunjalo kubangelwa ukusebenza kwemisipha ye-pectoral. Lapho inambuzane iyeka ukuhamba, iqala ukuphola. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqala ukuthi "buzz", okuwukuthi, ukusheshe unqume izicubu zesifuba ngaphandle kokuhambisa amaphiko awo, khona-ke ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa noma kuqala ukukhuphuka kancane. Ngenxa yalesi sici, ama-bumblebees agcina amazinga okushisa angaba ngu-30-35 ° C esidlekeni. Sekuyisikhathi eside kuqashelwa ukuthi "icilongo" livela izidleke ze-bumblebee ngaphambi kokuntwela kokusa, obekucatshangwa ukuthi kukhuphula isimangalo ezinye izizwe ukuba zisebenze. Kepha kwavela ukuthi ubemane nje aqhaqhazele ngenxa yamakhaza. Ngempela, emahoreni ekuseni, izinga lokushisa elisondele ebusweni benhlabathi lehla kakhulu (i-buzz yavele yabonwa ngo-3-4 a.m., futhi njengoba wazi, yiwo amahora ebanda kakhulu). Isidleke siyapholisa futhi, ukuze sikufudumele, ama-bumblebees kufanele asebenze kanzima ngemisipha ye-pectoral. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo, ungabona i-bumblebee emnyango wesidleke, eyeqa amaphiko ayo. Ubambe iqhaza ekungeneni umoya esidlekeni. Ngaphezu kwesimo sokudlidliza njalo (ukungezwani nokukhululeka kwemisipha), izinwele ezimboze ikhanda, intamo nesisu kusiza ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba le-bumblebee. Amandla okugcina izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lomzimba avumela ama-bumblebees ukuthi angene kude naseNyakatho. Kepha akavumi ukuba baphile ezindaweni ezishisayo. Cishe zingaba ngu-300 izinhlobo zezinyosi ezihlala eNyakatho ye-Asia, eNyakatho Melika nasezintabeni. Futhi izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela ezitholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseBrazil.
I-Bumblebee (Bumblebee)Ama-Bumblebees - Ama-Pollinators amakhulu. Ngenxa ye-proboscis yabo ende, bangakhipha umpe ngisho nasezimbali ezinama-corollas amancane, ngaleyo ndlela baqoqe impova ezitshalweni ezingafinyeleleki kwezinye izinambuzane. Ngenkathi abaseYurophu bethuthela eSouth Australia naseNew Zealand, okuyisimo sezulu esifana nesaseYurophu, baqala ukuzama ukukhulisa i-red clover yemfuyo. Unikeze ukusikeka okucebile, okunamahlumela amahle, kepha kwakungekho mbewu. Kwavela ukuthi i-Australia noma i-New Zealand azinazo izindebe ezenza impova yalesi simila eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika. Lapho izinhlobo ezimbili zezimbungulu zilethwa lapha ezivela eYurophu futhi zithuthukiswa, i-clover yaqala ukukhiqiza izilimo zezinhlamvu ezicebile. Manje ama-bumblebees abhekwa njengabasebenza kahle kakhulu pollinators balesi sitshalo esidala sefishi. Ngale njongo, zidotshwa ngokwenziwe futhi zixazululwe kuma-clovers. Impumelelo enkulu ekwakhiweni kabusha kwama-bumblebees yatholakala eRussia ngenxa yomsebenzi we-amateur entomologist G. S. Voveikov. Ukuhlolwa "kwama-bumblebees" adalwe nguye esakhiweni sokuhlola kwabonisa ukuthi isivuno sembewu ebomvu ye-clover sikhuphuke ngo-71% uma siqhathaniswa nokulawulwa. Izimbongi aziqoqi umpe kuphela, kodwa futhi nempova evela ezitshalweni. Ukwedlulisela esidlekeni lokhu kudla ubumnandi bezinyosi kusizwa ngamadivayisi akhethekile atholakale emilenzeni yasemuva. Le yithuluzi elibhanqiwe elakhiwa "amabhulashi" kanye "nabhasikidi". Kodwa impova iwela hhayi kuphela ekucindezelweni okukhethekile emilenzeni. Kwesinye isikhathi izicucu zothuli zihlala esiswini, bese zidluliselwa kwenye imbali. Izimbungulu ziyakwazi ukuqoqa impova nompe kusuka ezitshalweni kakhulu, ngokushesha okukhulu. Izazi zebhayoloji zilinganisela ukuthi i-bumblebee eyodwa kuphela evakashela izimbali ezingama-2634 ngesikhathi indiza ihlala imizuzu eyi-100.
Ukungena kwizimbungulu ezidlekayoIzimbongi zisebenza ngokungenaphutha kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu, futhi ngenxa yokuvundiswa okwengeziwe, isivuno, ngokwesibonelo, utamatisi sandiswa ngengxenye yesithathu. Izimbungulu zindiza kusukela ekuseni kuya kusihlwa. Kakhulu kakhulu - ngaphambi kwasemini. Azinendaba nemvula ekhanyayo. Ukunakekela izingane kungaphezu kwakho konke. Ngezinsuku ezimbi, ukuhamba okukodwa kwanele ukuba insikazi ihlinzeke ngokudla futhi ikufudumeza ihora. Kepha ngoMeyi, lapho lina kakhulu, isikhathi eside izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine, izingane zingashona. Hhayi kusukela kubanda, kodwa ngenxa yokondliwa.
Ama-bumblebees engadi awandizeli emasimini aseduze futhi athathe izifumbiso ezivela ezitshalweni zasengadini. Uma ama-bumblebees ethanda abamba ukushisa kwakho njengendawo yezinyosi, khona-ke ngisho nasekushiseni emahlathini katamatisi ngeke kube khona imbali eyodwa engenalutho. Futhi emigqeni yamakhukhamba. Kusekuqaleni kokusa, ama-bumblebees azoqoqa umpe kanye n impova, izimbali zempova ngaphambi kokuqala kokushisa okungu-32 - 36, lapho impova isivele ingenamsebenzi. Izinyosi, ngokungafani nezinyosi, zithambekele kangcono ku-greenhouse futhi azihlukani nefilimu nengilazi.
Kuhle lapho kunezimbali eziningi zaminyaka yonke nezisetshenziswa esizeni. Azigcini ngokujabulisa iso, kepha zingukudla okudingekile kwezigebhezi, izinyosi, ama-entomophages anjengegulls, izintambo, izinyamazane kanye nezinambuzane zezinambuzane eziyingozi. Izindawo eziseduze ne-bumblebee nesting kufanele zibe ngama-nectarines entwasahlobo anele: i-heather, i-daffodil, i-primrose, i-crocus. Okubaluleke kakhulu kuma-bumblebees i-willow yembuzi, umthombo oyinhloko wempova entwasahlobo. Ukuba khona kwezitshalo ezigeleza sekwephuzile kuvumela izintokazi ezilungiselela ubusika obude ukudala izinqolobane ezidingekayo emzimbeni. Naka izitshalo ze-melliferous esekupheleni ekwindla - ungabona izimbungulu kuzo. Ungabathatha ngezandla zakho ezingenalutho - abesilisa abanalo ulaka. Futhi iphunga lamafutha amakha aheha abantu besifazane azwakala kahle.
Indlu yeBumblebeeEminyakeni yamuva, ama-bumblebees ezindaweni zasemadolobheni asephelele. Mhlawumbe esinye sezizathu ukuthi ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, lapho befuna izidleke, bangena ngokusebenzisa imifantu bangene ezingxenyeni lapho bengakwazi ukuthola indlela yokubuya, bese befa ngamafasitela avaliwe ngezinsuku ezingama-2-3, bengatholi imali eyanele emzimbeni emva kokuqala ubusika. ukudla. Ngakho-ke kuvela ukuthi elikhanyayo, kepha eligcwele izimbobo ehlobo izikebhe izicupho lezi zinambuzane ezinhle.
Enye imbangela yokufa kwe-bumblebee ukusetshenziswa kabi kwama-pesticides. Awukwazi ukufafaza ama-insecticides ezitshalweni eziqhakazayo, kanye nasesikhathini sasemini, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi esishisayo, ngaphandle kokuhlukanisa izitshalo eziqhakazayo nefilimu. Kungcono ukwenza ukucubungula kusihlwa.
Naphezu kobukhulu bawo obukhulu, ama-bumblebees anokuthula kakhulu futhi awadinwa kakhulu.. Ngakho-ke, amapulangwe abo, ukhukhunathi kanye nezibungu kuvame ukuba yindishi emnandi yezimpungushe, amabhulukwe, izindlebe nezinye izimbobo. Izimbongi zinesinye isitha esesabekayo. Uma uyiqhathanisa ne-bumblebee uqobo, kuvela ukuthi umuntu okonile ube mncane kaningana, kepha akakutholi ngenkani, kodwa ngobuningi. Ingatholakala kunoma yiliphi ihlathi, kunoma yikuphi ukucekelwa phansi. Lesi isuthwane. Izintuthwane aziphikisi ukunambitha uju lwezinyosi, kanye nokuluma izibungu ezikhuluphele. Ngakho-ke, ukuze izintuthwane zingakhubeki ngengozi esidlekeni, izimbungulu zikhipha wonke amabala otshani namahlumela azungeze isidleke.
BumblebeeFly ukusivakashela.
Umhlali ngamunye wasehlobo angaheha izimbungulu ziye esizeni sakhe. Kwanele ukufaka ngaphakathi kwengxenye yodonga lwegumbi lokusetshenziselwa, cishe, nendawo eyi-1 x 1-1,5 m enotshani, i-moss, amaqabunga omile, amboze yonke into enophahla, i-hardboard. Drill kusuka ngaphandle izimbobo ezimbili nge ububanzi ka-1-2,5 cm for taphole, yakha i-canopy phezu kwayo, ebeka ibha.
Ungenza futhi nendlwana yesidleke. Okuthi, ngemuva kokuba umndeni we-bumblebee uhlale kuwo isizini eyodwa, udinga ukushiswa, awulungele ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe, ngoba izinambuzane eziningi zihlala esidlekeni. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, indlu kufanele ihlanzwe futhi ihlungiswe ngamanzi abilayo.
Kwesinye isikhathi indlu ene-bumblebee ingasebenza njengesiqeshana sepayipi likakhonkolo-we-asbestos, elivaliwe nhlangothi zombili, ngomgodi njengomgodi wepompo; imbiza yezimbali ngisho nendlu yezinyoni. Ngaphakathi, isidleke sigcwele ukugcwala amathawula athambile noma uvolo wekotini. Imbobo ehlobo esidlekeni se-bumblebee esivela emvwini ihlanganisa ucezu lokhuni olubekwe emadwaleni. Beka itshe noma isitini ngaphezulu ukuze umoya noma izilwane zingahambisa ibha.
I-Bumblebee (Bumblebee)Indlu yesidlo sembiza yezimbali iyindawo elula kunazo zonke yokwakha izidleke futhi kufanele ungapheli amandla uma ama-bumblebees engazivezi. Ngisho nesazi se-entomologist u-V. Grebennikov, owayesebenza ngokuzalanisa ama-bumblebee, azange aqede ngaphezu kwengxenye yezindawo zokwakha izidleke, ezithathwa njengempumelelo kakhulu. Uzodinga ukubekezela. Uma indlu ibingagcwele ndawo ngaphambi kokuphela kukaJulayi - yise esibayeni ukuze uyigcine kuze kube isizini ezayo. Indlu yesidleke yezimbungulu kufanele ishiywe engadini kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJulayi minyaka yonke kuze kube sekuvela umndeni wama-bumblebee kuyo.
Okokuhlwanyelwa okwenziwe ngamatshe okuqothuka, kunokuhlukahluka kwendlu yesidlo esidlekeni esinamakamelo amabili ephuma kwa-Oxford Bee Company (Inkampani ye-Oxford Bee).
Qaphela: ukusindisa ukushisa, ungafaka ukotini owengeziwe lapho.
I-Bumblebee (Bumblebee)Ukutholakala kwendlu yesidleke se-bumblebee kuzohanjiswa yizimbongi zesifazane ezifuna indawo yesidleke ngo-Ephreli-Meyi-Juni. Kungaba yinoma yiliphi ikona elipholile, hhayi elingashisi lensimu. Ama-Bumblebees awanalo ulaka futhi ajwayela ukusondelana kwabantu. Ukuphela kwento edingekayo ukuvikela isidleke kusuka kwizintuthwane, ezingangena ngaphakathi endlini hhayi ngomhubhe, kodwa ngokusebenzisa imifantu ezindongeni.
Chaza izindlu ezifuywayo engadini engadini njalo ngonyaka futhi unethemba lokuhamba phambili.
