Mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zasendulo nezanamuhla zama-roses, incazelo yawo namagama

I-rose ngokwesiko ibhekwa njengendlovukazi yezimbali. Izinhlobonhlobo zemibala emangalisayo, iphunga elihlukile, ubuhle obumangalisayo bama-buds - konke lokhu kumvumela ukuthi ahambisane ngokuphelele nesihloko esiphakeme kangako. Ngaphandle kwaso, amapaki amadolobha kanye nemibhede yezimbali, izimbali zokuhlobisa zomshado nokuhlobisa akunakucatshangwa, futhi iphunga elimnandi elintekenteke selinamapheshana amakha aphefumulelwe.

Kusuka emlandweni wama roses

Kunzima ukusho ukuthi lapho i-rose yangempela ikhishwa okokuqala okhalweni lwasendle oluthobekile, kodwa kakade eBhabhiloni nasePheresiya le mbali yayihlonishwa kakhulu.

Kusuka e-East rose bush beza eGrisi naseRoma. Izinganekwane zamaGrikhi zazigcina izingcaphuno zama roses amhlophe nabomvu njengembali ka-Aphrodite. Kwakuhlonishwa kakhulu eGreeks njengesitshalo sengadi nanjengesitshalo esisetshenziselwa amabala emikhosini nasemicimbini yenkolo. Izincazelo zezimbali eziqhamuka kuma-20 ngisho nakumakhulu ezinsimbi zigcinwe.

Akukaziwa ukuthi i-rose yafika yini iRoma ivela eGreece noma ivela ngqo eMpumalanga. Ama-frescoes asePompeii abonisa izinhlobonhlobo zedashi lawo, elikhulumela uhlobo lwesibili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengaseGrisi, i-rose yayiyingxenye yenkolo yeVenus (Aphrodite).

Ngokuwa koMbuso WaseRoma, impumelelo yayo eminingi kanye nolwazi yalahleka. Ngokwengxenye, zigcinwe kuphela ezindlini zezindela, lapho, kanye nesayensi yesiLatini neyezincwadi, kwakulondolozwa ingadi kufaka phakathi ukulinywa kwama-rose. E-Middle Ages yokuqala, kwakuthandwa kuqala ukulinyelwa kwezithelo, izitshalo zokwelapha nezinongo, kanti nezimbali zasendle zazisetshenziselwa imiqobelo. INdlovukazi Yezimbali isicishe ibe yodwa ngaphandle komthetho.

Lokhu kwasungulwa ngu isimo sezimbali ezikhethekileisonto lamaKatolika lamnika lona. Kwakufanekisela ubumsulwa nobungcwele futhi kuhlobene kakhulu nenkolo yeNkosazana nokuhlupheka kukaJesu Kristu. Izimbali ezinamakha nazo zazivame emicimbini yesikhumbuzo - amasiko, ayebolekwa kwabaseRoma yasendulo futhi ayegujwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwawo okukhulu ngoMeyi.

Ngemuva kokubanjwa kweConstantinople kanye namaCrusade, izinhlobo ezingaziwa ngaphambili zazivele eYurophu. URose ukhule ezivandeni zikabhishobhi nasebukhosini. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo nokwenziwa ezindabeni njengophawu lokuphelela, ukuphelela.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18-19. Izinhlobo ezintsha zase-Asia ezithanda ukushisa zalethwa eGreat Britain naseFrance. Ahlukaniswa amaqabunga aminyene acwebezelayo, ubuhle obumangalisayo behlumela nekhono lokuqhakaza liphindelela isikhathi eside. Kuyiqiniso, ama-roses anjalo impela hhayi ukuzivumelanisa nobusika obunzima baseYurophu. Iminyaka eminingi, abafuyi baseYurophu bazama ukuxazulula lokhu kungqubuzana. Umsebenzi isikhathi eside wawubonakala ungenakwenzeka, futhi kwaba ngekhulu le-19 kuphela. ukwazile ukweqa izinhlobo ezimbili zama-roses, okuholele ekuqhamukeni kwangempela ekukhuleni kwe-rose nokukhula kwezinhlobo zesimanje zamtiye e-tea-hybrid.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwama roses

Emhlabeni kunamashumi ezinkulungwane zezinhlobonhlobo zepinki kanye nzalo. Ukuhlela konke lokhu kwehlukahluka futhi sikuhlelele, kufakwe izinhlu eziningi. Isibonelo, kwezinye izinhlu zemidwebo ama-roses ahlukaniswa ngenani lamacembe. Hlela:

• elula (ubuningi bezinsimbi ezi-7 ngerandi ngalinye);
• uhhafu (ezimbalini kusuka ezinhlamvwini ezingama-8 kuye kwezingu-20);
• terry (ngaphezu kwe-20).

Kukhona nama-roses ipaki futhi ingadi. Ipaki ibhekwa njengemhlobiso yokuhlobisa kanye nzalo yama-rose asendle, ilungele ukuzalaniswa ezimweni ezinzima ngaphandle noma ngendawo yokuhlala ebusika elula. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuqhakaza ama-roses angaphansi kwangaphambilini noma okuphindaphindiwe kanye nzalo yazo etholakala ngenxa yokukhethwa isikhathi eside kuthiwa yinsimu. Zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nendawo yokukhosela ebusika.

Kodwa-ke, imvamisa basebenzisa okunye ukuhlukaniswa kwemvelo okwamukelwa yi-World Federation of Rose growing Society. Nguyena otholakala emakhathalogi ezincazelo zezinhlobonhlobo zama-roses anezithombe namagama. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa akususelwe kwimvelaphi, kepha ngokuhlobisa kwabo okuzinzile nezimpawu zebhayoloji. Ngokuphindayo phuma ezindala futhi roses engadini yesimanje.

Amaruva engadi yakudala

Izinhlobo zakudala zibizwa, zazalaniswa ngaphambi kokuvela ekhulwini le-19. ama-rose we-hybrid tea futhi hhayi aqhubeka ngemuva kwalolu shintsho. Imvamisa lezi zihlahla ezilahlekile ngokufana nama-rose okhalweni. Ziyamelana nezifo futhi ekuqaleni zazingenamandla okuqhakaza amaningi. Kepha ngemuva kokuvela kwama roses e-Europe eYurophu eseNingizimu mpumalanga, kwavela ama-nzalo, aqhakaza kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla.

Izinhlobo ezindala emelelwa ngamaqembu amaningi ahlukahlukene. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• I-Roses Alba, noma i-White Roses, - izihlahla ezinde eziqonde ngqo ezinezimbali ezimhlophe noma ezipinki, zimelana nezifo nokubanda. Qhakaza kakhulu ngonyaka. Le nhlobonhlobo yakudala yayaziwa emuva ngekhulu le-14. Nguye oboniswe ezingalweni zaseYork.
• Ama-rourbon roses balethwa eFrance besuka esiQhingini iBourbon e-Indian Ocean. Lezi izihlahla zokulungisa ezinamahlumela aminyene, amaqabunga e-oval ecwebezelayo kanye nezimbali ezinamakha eziphindwe kabili zepinki, emhlophe noma ebomvu. Kunezinhlobo zombili eziqondile nezikhuphukayo.
• I-Centipholic (ithebula-petal, noma i-Provencal) ama-roses okokuqala wabonakala eHolland. Lesi sitshalo sinesihlahla, siphansi, kepha siyakhula, sinameva nezimbali eziphindwe kabili nephunga elijwayelekile. Isikimu sombala sisusela kokumhlophe kuya kokupinki ojulile. Zingaphansi kakhulu, ngakho-ke izinhlobo eziphuzi, ezimthende noma ezinamabala zilinganiswa kakhulu. Qhakaza kakhulu kanye ngonyaka.
• Amaroses we-Damask kwavela eMiddle East ngesikhathi esimemqoka ngokukhethwa kwemvelo. Babelwa amaRoma asendulo, futhi ngekhulu le-13. ama-crusaders aletha futhi. Amabhasi amade, anamahlumela ahlanganayo. Izimbali ze-Terry, elimnandi. Amathunzi ahluka kusuka kokupinki okukhanyayo kuya kobomvu. Amafutha e-rose adumile akhiqizwa kusuka kuhlobo lweKazanlak lwamaroses e-Bulgaria. Isikhathi eside, izinhlobo ezimbalwa ezindala kuphela eziqhakaza ngokuqhubekayo, kufaka ne-Autumn Damask.
• Gallik rose nzalo kwehla kwi-dogrose yeGallic. Lokhu kuyizinhlobo ezindala kakhulu zaseYurophu. Ezinye zezinhlobo zawo zazitshalwa ezakhiweni zezindela njengezitshalo zokwelapha. Ziyizihlahla ezisakazwayo ezingaphansi. Izimbali zinamakha, zilula noma ziphindwe kabili, zipinki, zibomvu, zinsomi, zibomvu noma zinezintambo.
• At ama-roses ama-pubescent asinda kakhulu namathuna. Ngenxa yezinwele ezikhethekile ze-glandular ezikhipha iphunga elithile elinamaplanga, kubonakala sengathi zimbozwe nge-moss. Lesi sitshalo sinokuvela kwesihlahla esiphansi noma esiphakathi nendawo. Babedumile kakhulu ngekhulu le-18-19. sibonga amandla okuqhakaza kabusha. Kamuva, ukuthandwa kwabo kwehla kwaze kwaba ngama-60s. Ngekhulu lama-20 ukuhlobisa okumangalisa kwe-miniature Fairy Moss akuzange kufakwe.
• Ama-rose ama-Chinese hlala endaweni ekhethekile ekukhuleni kwe-rose. Ngaphambi kokuthi ingeniswe ivela eChina naseBengal ngekhulu le-18. eYurophu, izinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela ezingaqhakaza kaninginingi. Ukuvela kwalezi zihlahla zokulungisa ezinezithombo ezibushelelezi nezikhala ezingandile, ezinezimbali ezilula noma ezingenamabala zadonsela ukunaka kwabazalanisi. Phezu kokuqhakaza okumbalwa okuphindaphindayo nokuqhakaza okuncane, babenesici esiyingqayizivele: abenzanga ilanga elangeni nesikhathi, ngokungafani nezinhlobo zakudala zaseYurophu, kodwa kumnyama. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-roses aseChinese adala izinhlobo eziningi eziphindaphindayo noma eziqhakazayo, isibonelo, iBourbon, uNoiset nabanye.

Inani eliphelele Amaqembu ayi-15 ezinhlobonhlobo zevintage.

Amaruva anamuhla engadi

Ngefomu elilula, uhlu lwezinhlobo zamanje ze-rose lubukeka kanjena:

• floribunda;
• ukukhuphuka (ama-rambler kanye nama-klimmers);
• ikhava yomhlaba;
• itiye le-hybrid;
• izihlahlana;
• okuncane.

UFloribunda ngaphandle khumbuza itiye eli-hybrid, kepha kwehluka isikhathi eside, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kuyaqhubeka, ukuqhakaza nokuqina kobusika. Imvamisa awunawo ukunambitheka. Izimbali ezilula, ezinesiqephu noma ezinamathela ziqoqiwe kuma-inflorescence ohlobo lwesimbali. Ama-buds angaba bobumba obuhluke kakhulu - ngesimo sesitsha noma ingilazi. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zosayizi abahlukahlukene besihlahla (kusuka kumnyama kuya phezulu), nesikimu sombala. Izinhlobo: Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuwe, iLions-rose, uPomponella (isithombe).

Wicker ukhule kusuka kumamitha amabili kuya kwamane ngobude. Izimbali zabo ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence. Ama-rambler aneziqu eziguquguqukayo, ezinama-wicker ezidinga ukwesekwa, nezimbali ezincane kunosayizi wabakhayo. Qhakaza kanye, kodwa kakhulu. Ama Climbing Climbers ahlukaniswa isiqu esikhulu, izimbali ezinkulu nokuqhakaza okuqhubekayo. Izinhlobo: Elfe, Jasmina, Mikka.

Izinhlobo zesembozo ezingaphansi wehla ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene ezikhuphukayo zama roses engadini yakudala. Zingasakazeka emhlabathini, noma zinamahlumela amade wokugunda, noma ububanzi balesi sihlahla sehlahla budlula nje ukuphakama kwaso. Izimbali ezincane zemithunzi ehlukahlukene kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lwama roses lungena kalula kunoma yikuphi ukwakheka komhlaba futhi luhamba kahle nezinye izitshalo. Izinhlobo nezithombe: I-Euphoria, i-Purple Imvula, iSatina.

Iqembu elidume kakhulu futhi elihlobisa kakhulu itiye le-hybrid. Ama-buds amakhulu we-terry nama-terry aminyene abe nesakhiwo sakudala, abonakala ngokuqhakaza okuqhubekayo nokuhlukahluka kombala omangalisayo. IGamma isukela kumhlophe icishe icishe ibe mnyama (empeleni, sikhuluma ngokubomvu okucebile). Iphunga labo lihlukile. Kungaba lula, kube nzima noma kube mnene futhi kugcwele. Izinhlobo zaleli qembu zinamagama amahle kakhulu futhi zimelelwa kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlu zezimbali: i-Advance, iBlack Baccara, iTopaz, iHommage a Barbara, Wow, Papillon.