Umnyango: ama-angiosperms (Magnoliophyta).
Ibanga: monocotyledonous (Monocotyledones).
Oda: i-asparagaceous (Asparagales).
Umndeni: iris (Iridaceae).
Ubulili: i-crocus (Crocus).
Buka: I-Etruscan crocus (C. etruscus).
I-Etruscan crocus ingumqobelo onamandla okufika ku-10 cm ngokusho kwencazelo yayo, i-crocus iyafana nazo zonke izitshalo ze-herbaceous zomndeni wakwa-Iris. Kulesi sihloko, sizokwazisa nge-biology yentuthuko, ukusetshenziswa nokubaluleka kwe-crocus, sikutshele ukuthi zingaki izingwenya eziqhakaza, futhi sinikeze nethuba lokubona izithombe zezimbali ze-crocus.
Amacembe amancanyana, aqondile, afinyelela ku-0,8 cm ububanzi aze afike ku-10 cm ubude. Kungabakhona abathathu noma abane babo kwisitshalo esisodwa.
Naka isithombe sezimbali ze-crocus - zonke zingezodwa, zinezici ezimbili, zenziwe njalo, zaze zaba ubude obu-8 cm. Amaphayiphu ansomi, ngaphakathi anemithambo emincane onsomi, ezansi atshalwe nge-tube emincane. Ama-stamens ne-pestle mude, mncane, u-orange ogqamile. Izithelo ziyisigaxa esidala esingafika ku-2,5 cm ubude ngezinhlamvu ezincane ezimbalwa eziyindilinga.
I-Etruscan crocus itholakala e-Italy kuphela: enkabeni naseningizimu yeTuscany, ezifundazweni zaseGrosseto, eLivorno, ePisa naseSiena. Indawo yobubanzi bemvelo icishe ibe ngu-120 km2, abantu bancane futhi bahlukene phakathi. Okuningi okutholakele kwenziwa ezintabeni zaseMonte Calvi, Monte Leoni, Monte Amyata nase Massa Marittima. Inhlobo ihlala ikakhulu emahlathini aqobayo anombala we-oki ne-chestnut endaweni ephakeme aze afike ku-600 m ngaphezu kolwandle.
Zingaki izingwenya eziqhakaza
I-Etruscan crocus isakazeka ngembewu nangotshani ngamadodakazi. Izimbali ziyaqhakaza kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya ku-Ephreli, zihanjiswe yizinambuzane. I-ovary ingaphansi komhlaba. NgoMeyi - Juni, lapho izithelo zivuthwa, isiqu siqala ukwelula bese siyisongela phansi. Ibhokisi liqhekeka, imbewu ithululela emhlabathini bese imila eduze kwesitshalo somama.
Isafroni yaseCrocus
Isalfroni yaseCrocus ingenye yezinongo ezindala kakhulu futhi ezibiza kakhulu, ezimelela izihlakala ezomile zamaphistoli we-crocus etshaliwe (C. sativus). Kuyathandwa emhlabeni wonke, kepha ikakhulukazi eMedithera, eMiddle East nase-Asia Ephakathi. Iningi lamahlathi we-crocus ase-Iran, Spain, Turkey nase Greece. Njengomthetho, i-croff saffron ingezwa elayisi, imikhiqizo yenhlama, amasobho neziphuzo zotshwala. Ngaphezu ukunambitheka okubabayo, kunika izitsha umbala ophuzi ophuzi, otholakala ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-crocetin - umbala ovela eqenjini le-carotenoid.
Izincazelo nokusetshenziswa kwe-crocus
I-Crocus isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni komhlaba. Lezi zitshalo zihlobisa imibhede yezimbali ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho ezinye izitshalo eziningi zingakaqhakaza, noma ekwindla sekwedlule, lapho eziningi sezivele ziyaqhakaza.
Sekukonke kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-300, iningi lazo lisuselwa kuma-crocuses entwasahlobo (C.vernus), izingwenya zegolide (C. chrysanthus), ophuzi (C. flavus) no-flowed ezimbili (C. biflorus). I-Etruscan crocus izizwa kahle kusiko. Ngobuhle nokungathobeki, wanikezwa umklomelo weGadi Merit Award waseRoyal Society of Gardeners of Great Britain.
Igama lohlobo lweCrocus ngesiGreek lisho "intambo", negama elithi "saffron" ekuhunyushweni okungenzeka okusuka ku-Arabhu - "ophuzi". Ezikhathini zasendulo, isafroni lalisetshenziselwa ukufaka izindwangu ezibizayo nezicathulo. Walethwa emakhosini nakubantu abahlonishwayo njengophawu lwamandla nengcebo.
Endulo, i-saffron yayithathwa njenge-aphrodisiac; i-crocus nayo ibaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo zokuphefumula, ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla kanye ne-black melancholy (ukudangala).
Kwadliwa ngaphakathi kwengezwa namanzi okugeza.
Amablogi wezingwenya adla ngokuzithandela izingulube zasendle. Okunye ukusongela okungenzeka kulesi sitshalo ukwephulwa kwendawo yokuhlala kwabantu. Namuhla, isimo sabantu abaningi sizinzile, kepha singakonakala esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
Inganekwane imbali ye-crocus
Uma ukholelwa inganekwane yasendulo yombala we-crocus, lelo igama lale nsizwa eyathandana ne-nymph Smilaks futhi yaqala ukumlandela ezithendeni, icula izingoma ezidabukisayo. Ngokushesha le ntombazane yaba nesithukuthezi, futhi yacela onkulunkulu ukuba bayisuse kule ndoda ebabazekayo. ICrocus yaphendulwa imbali, phakathi lapho ulimi lwamalangabi lwaqhuma khona.
