Ake ungitshele ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe amanzi ngendlela efanele kanjani, ngaphandle kokuguqukela ezinsizakalweni zochwepheshe bokumelana komhlaba?
Lapho uhlela ukufaka utshani endaweni yangakini, kufanele uzijwayeze ngokucophelela ngalo lonke uhlelo lwe-algorithm oluhleliwe lomsebenzi ohleliwe. Isidingo sohlelo lokudonsa amanzi ngokuqondile sincike kwizici zekhwalithi yenhlabathi kwisakhiwo ngasinye esithile sokutshala. Uma ukugeleza kwamanzi okubangelwa ukunisela noma imvula akuyona into evunyelwe endaweni enamapayipi, inhlangano yendawo yokugeleza imvamisa inketho. Kepha endaweni egcwele utshani ephelele ezothokozisa amehlo omnikazi isizini yonke futhi isuse isidingo sokuguqulwa okungadingekile kanye nokulungiswa, kufanele nokho ihlinzeke ekuqalisweni kwalesi sigaba sokwephula utshani.
Ukuhlaziywa kokuqala kwezici zesayithi
Kuyadingeka ukuthi kuhlaziywe futhi kutholakale uhlobo lomhlabathi othuthukisiwe kule ndawo. Kuyadingeka futhi ukufunda indawo ehlinzekelwe ukumiswa komhlaba. Ukudalwa kokudonswa kwamanzi ngaphansi kwendawo yotshani kubaluleke kakhulu kunhlabathi yobumba neyenkani. Ngemuva kokuthatha isinqumo ngobukhulu bendawo ebunjiwe, ungaqala ukumba isiza, unikeze indawo engaphezulu kakhulu kuyo yonke indawo efakiwe.
Ngaphakathi nendawo ehlelelwe ukutshala utshani obunotshani, ingaphezulu lomhlabathi kufanele lidalulwe ngokucophelela, ngenkathi kususwa izinsalela zezinqubo zezimpande zezitshalo, izinto zezitshalo ngokweqile, amatshe amakhulu naphakathi nendawo, izinsalela ezomile, imfucumfucu neminye imiphumela emibi ekumba.
Kuphela uma umhlaba otshaliwe ubonakala ngokuqukethwe okwandisiwe kwesihlabathi kanye nezinga eliphansi lobumba, khona-ke umbuzo wokuthi ungawenza kanjani umdwebo ofanele wotshani usuvele uqediwe usuxazululiwe.
Kulokhu, inhlabathi uqobo lwayo isebenza njengendlela enhle yemvelo yokudonsa amanzi, isindisa ukutshala utshani okuvela emiphumeleni elimazayo yomswakama ngokweqile nokushuba kwemvula enamandla noma ejwayelekile.
Ochwepheshe bezingadi abavumelani ngalolu daba, kodwa ukuze baqinisekise ngokuphelele umbozo wotshani wenhlabathi ngezitshalo ezitshalwe ngotshani, umuntu kufanele asaluse uthango futhi asungule uhlaka lwamanzi endawo. Uhlelo olunjalo luzovikela emanzini amaningi ngenxa yezimvula ezingalindelekile kanye nokugcotshwa kwamanzi endaweni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kokuncibilika kweqhwa entwasahlobo.
Izinhlobo zesimanje zezinhlelo zokudonsa amanzi
Ngendlela efanelekayo yokwakha indawo yakho yotshani, ungqimba lwamanzi lubekwa ikakhulu ngemuva kokuphothulwa kokumbiwa, ukuhlanza kanye nokulinganisa. Kuze kube manje, izinhlelo ezilandelayo zisebenza kakhulu:
- izintethe, eziklanyelwe ukuphambukisa amanzi agobhoza phansi;
- phezulu, lapho kusetshenziswa, umswakama ongena emhlabathini ususwa ngempumelelo (isb. imvula, iqhwa)
- sendawo, isetshenziswa kancane ekubonweni komhlaba.
Abanikazi abaningi bamakhaya abo basebenzisa le ndlela ethile. Umsebenzi onjalo wenziwa ngokushesha okukhulu futhi okulula:
- kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-20 cm wesendlalelo esivundile esingaphezulu;
- ungqimba lwangaphansi komhlaba lubekwe ku-5 cm, lugcwele amatshe amancane, amatshe amatshe, isihlabathi esimahhadla;
Ngeke kube yinto enhle kakhulu ukunaka kusengaphambili ukuthi kuhamba kanjani amanzi ancibilikayo nokuthi yikuphi ukuhamba kwamanzi okuqongelelwayo esakhiweni sonke.
Izindlela zokwakha izinhlobo eziphambili zamadonsa
Uma uhlaka lomhlaba olwakhiwe lufundwe ngokwanele, futhi izici zalo ngazinye zinqunywa, ngakho-ke ngeke kube nzima ukuzicabangela futhi ziphinde zenze uhlelo olusebenzayo lokudonsa amanzi. Kwanele ukulandela imithetho ethile elula.
Ukubeka ungqimba lwesisekelo
Ukugxila okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kubanikazi bezindawo ezinobumba obunobumba obucacile ekwakhiweni kwabo. Lokhu kungqimba kuzoshesha futhi kususe amanzi amaningi. Umsebenzi wenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:
- amatshe abalele, ukhuhlu, izitini ezaphukile ezinobukhulu obungu-10 kuya ku-15 cm;
- esilinganisweni esilinganayo sesihlabathi noma ama-screenings amahle;
- ungqimba lokugcina kungumhlabathi uqobo, okuhloswe ngalo ukutshala izitshalo zotshani.
Kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi ungqimba ngalunye luhlanganiswe ngokucophelela.
Isistimu yokudonsa kwesiteshi
Uhlelo lokudonsa iziteshi lusetshenziselwa lapho uhlelo olugqinsiwe lungalethi, noma nje lungalethi umphumela oyifunayo. Kulokhu, ukwakhiwa kwemithombo noma imisele yedamu kufanele kuhlelwe, ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukuhlobisa okuphezulu kohlelo okwakhiwayo. Isici sohlelo lwesiteshi ukubekwa kwemisele, kucatshangelwa ukuhamba kwamanzi ancibilikayo.
Ama-Drains - uhlelo lwezindawo ezinzima ikakhulukazi
Uma ukuklanywa komhlaba kuhlelwa ngensimu enamanzi (marshland), kepha izindlela ezedlule azizukuletha nzuzo. Kulokhu, uhlelo lokudonsa amanzi luba yisixazululo esihle kakhulu sokususa amanzi ngokweqile. Ukubekwa kukadoti wukubekwa kwamapayipi ambalwa enziwe ngezinto ze-asbestos-simenti. Ohlelweni olunjalo, kufanele kunikezwe amanzi aqondayo.
