Hens emnothweni wabahlali banamuhla bemizana namakotishi ehlobo uhlobo oludumile kakhulu lwenkukhu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukubeka izinkukhu phambili ezindlini zezinkukhu namadlelo amahhala, izinhlobo ezisetshenziselwa amaqanda zinikela ngokuzithandela amaqanda amasha ayisikhombisa emndenini, kanti nezilwane ezincane zingondliwa inyama.
Ukuqala abalimi bezinkukhu bahlala bebhekene nokukhetha ukuthi yiziphi izinkukhu abazongena epulazini. Ngokwezibalo, imvamisa kuningi okuthandwa ngasohlangothini lokuzalela kweqanda nokwamaqanda. Izinyoni ezinjalo ziyahlukahluka:
- ukungathobeki;
- ukumelana okukhulu nezifo kunama-broilers;
- ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ebangeni lamahhala;
- ukuzimela ekutholeni okuphakelayo esizeni;
- ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda okuphezulu nokuzinzile.
Noma umkhiqizo wenkukhu walezi zinkukhu awunakubizwa ngokuvelele, izinkukhu ezinesisindo bukhoma esingu-2,5 kuya ku-2 kg zilungele ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoni ezinamathambo akhanyayo noma aphakathi nendawo asevele elungele ukudonsa eneminyaka eyi-126-130 yezinsuku, futhi ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile angaletha amaqanda avundisiwe bese ehlala esidlekeni. Noma ngabe kuyini ukuzalanisa, amaqanda angama-250 ngonyaka atholakala kumahekeni okugoba amaqanda konyaka. Ukusebenza okunjalo ngeze kutholwe ngokukhudlwana, kukhule kufike ku-5 kg wesisindo bukhoma, kepha kunika inxenye yamaqanda enkukhu yenkukhu.
Ungayithola kanjani izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokubeka izinkukhu zendlu? Akumangazi ukuthi abanikazi bamahoko enkukhu ezigcawini zasendlini bafuna ukubona imiphumela yomsebenzi wabo ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi abalindi ekwindla.
Ukufeza ukuyekethisa, abafuyi bezitshalo bafuya izinhlobo zezinkukhu zezaqanda, eziphansi kancane ekukhiqizweni kweqanda kuya eqandeni. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye bangakwazi ukukala izingqimba ezilula eziphindwe kabili nengxenye ezilula. Izinkukhu zenyama enamaqanda zizolile, ziqinile, zingama hen amahle futhi zikhule ngaphandle kokuhlupheka kumabala enkukhu nasemadlelweni. Kodwa-ke, ngumfuyi wezinkukhu kuphela ongakhetha ukuthi yiziphi izinkukhu ezibekekayo ezingcono, nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zohlobo oluntsha okufanele azithole. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubalulekile ukutadisha izici zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinkukhu futhi uziqhathanise nomunye.
Izinkukhu I-Leggorn White
Phakathi kwezinhlobo zokubekwa kwezikhukhukazi kwendlela yeqanda kuphela, edume kakhulu futhi ibanzi yi-White Leghorn. Sekungamashumi amaningi eminyaka, ukudla okudlayo, okudla ngenkuthalo nezinkukhu ezikhula ekuqaleni bekuyinto ejwayelekile ukulima izinkukhu emhlabeni wonke, njengabanqobi ekukhiqizeni amaqanda kwasekuqaleni. Amaqanda amhlophe okuqala anesisindo esingama-gramu angama-62 wezinyoni aletha izinyanga ezingama-4-5. Ngasikhathi sinye, inani lamaqanda kubameli abahamba phambili bezithelo lifinyelela izingcezu ezingama-250. Isisindo senyoni endala, uma siqhathaniswa nezinhlobo zenyama, sincane kakhulu - ngamakhilogremu 1.5-2,5 kuphela. Kepha ngokudla kahle izilwane ezincane, ungathola inyama esezingeni elifanele.
Emapulazini amancane, amaLeggors amancanyana ahamba kahle, futhi ngokukhethekile ngamaqanda. Isisindo salezi zinkukhu asidluli ku-1,7 kg, ngokukhiqizwa kweqanda okufanayo nasezinkukhu ezinkulu.
Ama-Dutch abeka i-hens Highsex Brown ne-Highsex White
Namuhla, lokhu kuzalaniswa kwezinkukhu sekuyisiqalo sokuthola izinhlobo eziningi ezikhiqiza kakhulu zokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda nenyama. Isibonelo isiphambano i-Highsex nsundu futhi mhlophe. Izikhukhukazi ezikhiqiza amaDashi ezikhiqiza kahle azikwazi ukuncintisana nezinkukhu ezinesisindo esikhulu, kepha kusukela ezinyangeni ezine bezindiza ngenkuthalo, ziletha amaqanda amakhulu egremu angu-65. Ngonyaka, ama-hens ahlinzeka ngevolumu yokukhiqiza - amaqanda angama-300. Ukukhiqiza akuwa iminyaka engu-2-3.
Izendlalelo zikaLoman Brown
U-Loman Brown owaphukile owatholakala ngabazalanisi baseJalimane ngesisekelo sabameleli bezinhlobo zePlymouthrock neRhode Island ezingokwenqwaba yamaqanda. Ukubeka uLoman Brown ngokwegama kunombala onsundu ngombala futhi unomlingisi ozolile, opholile wokuhlala epulazini elizimele. Lezi zinyoni azinamahloni, ziqinile futhi zikhiqiza kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinzuzo, umuntu angeke ehluleke ukubiza ukusebenza kwezindleko kokugcina lolu hlobo lwezinkukhu. Badla ukudla okwanele, kepha kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-5.5 sebekulungele ukushesha. Ngokwesilinganiso, iqanda linesisindo esingu-62-64 amagremu, linogobolondo oqinile onsundu, obonakala kulezi zinkukhu ezibomvu ezibekiwe. Kuze kutholakale amaqanda afinyelela kuma-320 kowesifazane ngonyaka, futhi okuthinta kahle ukukhetha kwama-hens.
Izinkukhu zaseRhode Island
Okhokho bakhe abaphukile - Izinkukhu zaseRhode Island zazalwe e-United States ngokuhlanganisa imigqa eyindilinga eyimpumelelo ye-pedigree ukukhiqiza inyoni eqinile yenyama neqanda. Lezi zinkukhu ezibomvu ezibekiwe kanye nezimbambo ezinomsila omuhle omnyama nohlaza onemilenze enamandla, amaphiko amancane nezindebe eziphuzi zidonsela ukunaka kwabanini khaya hhayi ngeqanda elihle nje kuphela, kodwa nesisindo sezidumbu zenyama.
Isisindo somzimba weqhude lakudala lifinyelela ku-3.8 kg, nezinkukhu ngekhilogremu ngalinye zilula. Le nyoni iqala ukuhamba ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa, kuthi ngonyaka kungaletha amaqanda angamakhulu amabili.
Izinkukhu zohlobo lwe-Russian White
Kubalimi abaningi bezinkukhu, umsuka wale nyoni uba yinto enqumayo ukuthonya ukukhetha kokubeka izinkukhu. Le ndlela inengqondo, ngoba izinhlobo zasendaweni zihlala zijwayelaniswa nezimo zokuphila, zikujwayela ukudla okusetshenziswayo kanye nesimo sezulu. Izinhlobo zohlobo lweRussiakaya Belya, ezifuywe maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, ziyinzalo yeWhite Leghorn nezinyoni zasendaweni, ezazikhula zaba nezithelo ezinhle ekukhetheni.
Ezinyangeni ezinhlanu ubudala, ukubeka izinkukhu zalolu hlobo lokuzalela kunika amaqanda amhlophe wokuqala anesisindo esingama-58 amagremu. Amaqanda angaphezu kwama-200 angatholakala kumuntu ngamunye ngonyaka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilinganiso sokukhiqizwa kweqanda alwehli ngisho nasezimweni ezingezinhle, ngokwesibonelo, esikhathini eside sokushisa noma ngokudla okunganele.
Ukuzalelwa kwezinkukhu i-Adler isiliva
Izilokazana zesiliva zokulala i-Adler ziyizinyoni ezinhle ezifuywayo ezifuywayo ezitholakala eTrrasnodar Territory. Izinkukhu zenyama neqanda zihlanganisa izici zezinhlobo eziningi ezidumile ezikhethwe abalimi njengamadlozi enyoni enombala ongajwayelekile.
Kwizinyoni zalokhu kuzalanisa amathambo aqinile kuwuphawu, okubonisa inzuzo enhle yesisindo, umlingiswa oguquguqukayo nokukhuthazela okuhle. Izikhukhukazi zesiliva zesikhukhukazi esibekiwe ngeke zishiye abanikazi bazo ngaphandle kwamaqanda, futhi izinsizwa ezinonile ezikhuluphele zizonikeza inyama enhle yokudla.
Ukuzalela izinkukhu Kotlyarevskaya
Olunye uhlobo lokuqina oluqinile olwenzelwe amaqanda nenyama yemvelaphi yaseCaucasi ukubeka izithako zohlobo lweKotlyarevskaya. Okonyaka, izinkukhu ziyakwazi ukunika amaqanda angama-240, futhi ngokunakekelwa okuhle nokondla, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda akuyehli iminyaka eminingana. Amagobolondo amaqanda anesisindo esingama-gramu angama-63 ane-huy brown ekhangayo. Amashumi avuthiwe kuqala, kunalokho makhulu. Akukona nje kuphela ukushisa izinkukhu, kodwa futhi nezikhukhukazi ezinhle, ezithinta nokukhethwa kohlobo olungcono kakhulu lokubeka izinkukhu ekhaya.
Ukuzalelwa kwezinkukhu Zagorsk salmon
Amakhosi okuzala eduze kwaseMoscow athola uhlobo lokufuya hens, ezithakazelisa abanikazi bezindlu ezingemuva. Lezi izinkukhu ze-salmon zeZagorsk, eziqanjwe ngakho ngenxa yokukhanya, umthunzi omuhle wenyama yokunambitheka okuhle. Isisindo seqhude lalezi zinhlobo lifinyelela ku-3.6 kg, kanti izinkukhu zingaba yisisindo esingu-2,7 kg.
Abafuyi bezinkukhu abaqalayo bangakhangwa yiqiniso lokuthi abesilisa nabesifazane abalapha bavele behlukile kunosuku ubudala komunye nomunye. Futhi ngesikhathi sokukhula, lapho umbala usekhiqizwe ngokuphelele, ama-roosters nezintokazi ngokuqinisekile ngeke adideke.
Izikhukhukazi ezinkulu ezibekwa ngokulinganayo ngonyaka zinika umnini amaqanda angama-260 anesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-60.
Ukuzalelwa kwezinkukhu Pushkinskaya ezimthende kanye motley
Ngonyaka wekhalenda, i-Pushkin striped-motley lay hen iyakwazi ukunika amaqanda angama-270, kuyilapho insikazi inesisindo esingama-2 kg, kanti amaqhude akhula aze afike ku-2,5 kg. Ngezici zokukhiqiza ezithakazelisa kangako, umuntu ngeke aqaphele imininingwane yangaphandle yenyoni. Roosters kanye hens zikhange kakhulu. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda esimhlophe se-plumage, izindawo ezimnyama nezinsundu zibonakala ngokucacile ngamandla amakhulu. Imilenze ilula, uqhwaku lugobekile ngokuqinile, ama-scallops nezintshebe zibomvu ngokugqamile.
Kwisakhiwo esiyinhlanganisela, lokhu kuzalaniswa kwezikhukhukazi kuhle ngoba ayazi ukuthi indiza kanjani futhi ayidingi ukwakhiwa kocingo olubucayi.
Kusukela besebancane, izinkukhu zihlukaniswa ngokukhuthazela kwazo, zikujwayela kalula ukuzigcina, zona ngokwazo zifuna ukudla ngokuzithandela nangempumelelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inyama yenkukhu inokubukwa okuhle nokunambitheka.
Izinkukhu zesikhumbuzo sokuzalwa kuka-Kuchinsky
Izici ezinhle kakhulu zokuzalelwa kweqanda nenyama kweyodwa yizithokazi zohlobo lwe-Kuchinsky Jubilee. Zinganaki izimo zokuboshwa, izinyoni ezivuthwa kusenesikhathi futhi ezinhle kakhulu zikulungele ukunika umnikazi wazo amaqanda ayi-180 ngonyaka. Ngasikhathi sinye, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngokukhiqiza inyama. Isisindo seqhude sifinyelela ku-3.7 kg, izinkukhu ngekhilogremu linye zilula kunezabesilisa.
Amashumi okuzala amaDominant
Izinhlobo ezindala, ezimiswe kahle azincipha ngokuthandwa emapulazini amakhulu, nasegcekeni langasese, lapho kugcinwa khona izinyoni ezimbalwa. Futhi nokho impilo iya phambili, ngakho-ke abazalanisi banikela ngokungakhathali iziphambano ezintsha nezinhlobo ezintsha.
Enye yale miklamo iDininant zohlobo lwezinkukhu. Ziyiziphambano ezikhiqiza amaqanda nezamaqanda zenyama ezikhiqizwa kakhulu, ezitholakala kubamele abahamba phambili bezinkukhu zomhlaba.
Ngenxa yenhlanganisela enekhono yegazi, abafuyi bayakwazi ukuthola umhlambi oqinile onempilo onezimpawu ezibusa okhokho babo, okungukuthi, ngokukhiqiza amaqanda aphezulu nokukhiqiza inyama okuhle. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukubeka izinkukhu akuyona into engenamqondo, eguquguqukayo futhi evumelana nezimo ezahlukahlukene zokuboshwa.
