Ngokunokwenzeka, wonke umlimi wegadi we-amateur ufuna ukudala ubuhle nokukhuthala esakhelweni sakhe. Kulokhu, izimbali ezahlukahlukene ziyasiza. Ukwakha ukuhlelwa kwezimbali zokuqala noma amagquma e-alpine, ungashintsha isayithi libe umsebenzi wangempela wobuciko. Ngalezi zinhloso, abalimi bavame ukusebenzisa izitshalo ezijwayelekile ezikhula kahle esimweni sezulu sethu. Kepha uma ufuna okuthile okungajwayelekile nokwangempela, ungatshala i-ixia engadini yakho.
Izici zezitshalo
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo le mbali exubile yiNingizimu Afrika, kepha ingabonakala kakhulu ezivandeni zaseRussia. I-Ixia ihlukaniswa ngeziqu ezondile eziqondile futhi ifinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-50. Izimbali ezimise kahle kakhulu yensimbi ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescences abukeka njengama-spike kanye zingaba bomvu, zimhlophe, ziphuzi futhi zipinki. Isitshalo siqala ukuqhakaza kakhulu ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, kepha lokhu akuhlali isikhathi eside - cishe amasonto amane, bese amaqabunga eqala ukoma.
Ebusuku noma ngesimo sezulu esinamafu, izimbali ziyavala. Ijusi lalesi sitshalo linamathela kakhulu, elalisetshenziselwa ukubamba izinyoni ngaphambili, nephunga elinamandla kunokuba lihehe izinyosi nezimvemvane.
Ukuqhakaza okugcwele kwe-ixia kuncike ekunakekelweni okufanele, okubandakanya okulandelayo:
- inani elanele lokukhanya kwelanga;
- ukuchelela njalo;
- ukususwa njalo kwezinsimbi ezomile;
- inhlabathi evundile;
- izinga lokushisa lomoya elilungile - ama-18-20 degrees;
- ukukhulula nokudonsa kwenhlabathi.
Ilungiselela isiza sokufika
Njengoba i-Ixia isitshalo eseningizimu, iyakuthanda ukukhanyiswa okuhle nomswakama owanele. Njengoba unikezwe la maphuzu, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo efanele yena engadini yokutshala. Ngaphandle kokuthi uyawuthanda umswakama, indawo leyo kufanele ikhethwe ngemikhumbi emihle ukuze kungabi nokudilika kwamanzi.
Indawo yokutshala i-ixia engadini kufanele ilungiselelwe kusengaphambili. Ukuze lokhu, inhlabathi igodiwe kahle, ivundiswe ngomquba obovu noma i-humus, uma kunesidingo, inezelwa isihlabathi ukuze kukhululwe. Ungangeza futhi:
- umlotha wezinkuni - 300 g;
- superphosphate - 70 g;
- i-magnesium - 20 g.
Inhlabathi esindayo - hhayi eye-Ixia. Ukuqhakaza kwayo ngqo kuncike ezimeni ezikhulayo, yingakho isihlabathi somfula songezwa enhlabathini esindayo (1 ibhakede ngalinye kumitha eyi-1 yomhlaba).
Ukutshala i-Ixia emhlabathini ovulekile
Le mbali exubile ayizithandi izithwathwa, ngakho abalimi enkabeni yeRussia bathole indlela engcono yokuphuma. Ekwindla, ama-corms ayambiwa ahlanzwe ngobumneneizama ukungalimazi izinso zezimpande. Ngemuva kwalokho, zigezwa kwikhambi le-potanganum permanganate bese zifakwa kwisitoreji egumbini elinomoya omuhle, elinokushisa kwama-8-10 degrees.
Entwasahlobo, ngemuva kokusungulwa kokugcina kwesimo sezulu esifudumele, i-Ixia itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokulandelayo:
- bamba ucezu lwensimu engadini lapho kuzotshalwa khona imbali engaphandle;
- Hlanza umhlaba izigaxa, ukhula, ukhulule;
- yenza ingxube ye-humus, i-peat nesihlabathi emhlabathini;
- yenza imigodi i-cm cm ngokujula, okufanele ihlukaniswe ngama-20 cm;
- ama-corms atshaliwe kanti imithombo igcwele inhlabathi.
Ngemuva kokutshala imbali, inhlabathi kufanele imbozwe ngesendlalelo se-mulching esingama-2-3 cm futhi ungayinkcenkcesheli kuze kuvele amahlumela okuqala.
Ezifundeni eziseningizimu yeRussia, ama-ixia nezilimo eziyizigaxa atshalwe zombili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Endabeni yokugcina, imithombo yokutshala ingcwatshwa ngo 8 noma 10 cm. Ukusuka phezulu zifakwe ungqimba lwesihlabathi somfula esingamasentimitha ayi-8. Ngosizo lokushisa okungafani nalutho, ama-ixia nezilimo eziyizigaxa asinda ebusika kahle, kanti entwasahlobo bayasusa umhluzi.
Ukukhula nokunakekela i-Ixia
Yize lesi sitshalo sithathwa njengemelana futhi singenwe kalula yizinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, kungcono ukuphepha. Abahlali abaningi ehlobo batshala imbali minyaka yonke endaweni entsha. Ukutshala okufanele enhlabathini evundile endaweni enelanga ngeke kunikeze ukukhula okuphelele kuphela, kepha futhi nokuqhakaza okuningi. Esikhathini esizayo, ukunakekela isitshalo esingavamile ngeke sikulethe umzamo omkhulu.
Ukunisela
Ukunakekela isitshalo kubandakanya ukuthambisa okufanele. Njengoba sekushiwo, ngemuva kokutshala, lesi sitshalo asithelwa amanzi amasonto ambalwa. Bayakwenza lapho nje kuvela amahlumela okuqala, kancane kancane ukhulisa ubukhulu bokunisela. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza, imbali kumele iniselwe kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka isebenzisa amalungiselelo akhethekile ayinkimbinkimbi okwenza izimbali zibe ziningi.
Lapho ukhula i-ixia, kufanele wazi ukuthi ukhetha umoya omanzi, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuwufafaza kusuka ku-sprayer esimweni esishisayo nesomile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
I-Ixia kufanele idliswe ngomanyolo wamaminerali, ihambisane ne-organic. Ezitolo ezikhethekile kukhona ukukhethwa okukhulu kokugqoka okuphezulu okwenzelwe ngqo imbali enjalo.
Futhi ukunakekela isitshalo esinjalo kuhlinzekela ukususwa okufika ngesikhathi kwama-inflorescences aqhelileukuze kunethuba lokudala elisha. Ngemuva kwenkathi yezimbali, ukuchelela kuncishiswa kube okungenani, futhi kwezinye izimo kuyekwe ngokuphelele.
Lapho kukhula i-ixia engadini, le mbali ingaqala ukuqothuka amaqabunga, okwenzeka ngenxa yomswakama onganele. Qiniseka ukuthi uqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi inyanzelwa nsuku zonke. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi umswakama owedlulele unomthelela ekubonakala kokubumba kumabhuleki. Ukuvimbela lokhu, amanzi akhiwa ngaphambi kokutshala, futhi ama ziphathwa nge-fung fung.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa kwangaphakathi endlini
Ixia nayo ingatshalwa endlini. Kepha kulokhu, ukunakekela isitshalo kuzoba isikhathi esiningi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuqhakaza okuningi, kuyadingeka dala ukukhanya okukhanyayo futhi ugcine ukushisa kwegumbi kuphansi. Okokuqala, akufanele kweqe ama-+5 degrees, khona-ke - kungabi ngaphezu kwe-+13 degrees. Kucaca ukuthi ukutshala nokunakekela isitshalo kuleli cala kwenziwa kwigreenhouse ebandayo noma e-Conservatory, kepha hhayi ezimeni zangaphakathi.
Ukutshala i-bulb for distillation kwenzeka ngo-December-Januwari, futhi ngoMeyi ungakujabulela ukuqhakaza okuningi. Ukunakekela i-ixia kwenzeka ngendlela efanayo nokutshala endaweni evulekile.
Ukunakekelwa okufanele futhi kumele kuhlinzekwe ngezinhlamvu ezembiwe ukuze zigcinwe kuze kube unyaka olandelayo. Ngenxa yalokhu yomile, ifakwa ngaphansi kokucutshungulwa ku-potassium permanganate, bese iphinda yomiswa futhibese uwagoqa ephephabhukwini uwayise endaweni epholile lapho angagcina khona. Ungasebenzisa isiqandisi salokhu. Izimbali zokubanda ubusika zivame ukuthunyelwa emabhodweni, eziqinisekisa ukuphepha kwazo.
Nasi isitshalo esingafani nalutho, isithombe saso esinikezwe esihlokweni, ungakhula engadini yakho endaweni evulekile. Ngenxa yokunakekelwa okufanele, ungafinyelela izimbali eziningi. Kulokhu, i-ixia izohlobisa ingadi futhi inikeze umoya omuhle.
