Bobabili abalimi be-novice kanye nabahlali behlobo abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi izaqathe zinzima ukuhluma izitshalo. Amahlumela okuqala angenhla kombhede avele avele ngaphambi kwamaviki amathathu kamuva, futhi inani lawo lincane kakhulu kunembewu etshalwe enhlabathini.
Ngempela, ukugcwala kwezinhlamvu ezincane zamafutha abalulekile negobolondo elinamandla ngokwanele kuvimbela ukuluma kokuqala kwamahlumela. Futhi ukuvuthwa okungalingani kwembewu kwisambulela i-inflorescence kuthinta ukuhluma, okuthi kumakherothi kungabi ngaphezu kwama-60%.
Ngakho-ke, isizathu sesitshalo esilahlekile sivame ukungabi nalwazi ngamacebo alula, ukuthi ungasheshisa kanjani ukuhluma kwezimbewu zekhathuni, kanye nokushaya indiva ukuhlunga kokuqala kokutshala. Impela, uma ikhwalithi yezithombo ingahambelani nokuhlala ehlobo, khona-ke izaqathi ezisusiwe zizothela inyanga ngokuzayo.
Ukukhetha imbewu ye-karoti yokutshala
Namuhla, izakhamuzi zasehlobo zinokukhetha phakathi kwembewu ejwayelekile futhi embozwe ungqimba oluvikelayo. Ngemuva kokuphuma kwezinsuku ezintathu isanqante livela kuliphi icala? Njengomthetho, imbewu ye-granular iqhuma ngokuthula, kepha isikhathi sokulinda izithombo singabambezeleka isonto.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyelwa kwentwasahlobo, imbewu enjalo ngesivikelo futhi, ngasikhathi sinye, ukuhlanganiswa okuqukethe izakhi kukhombisa imiphumela emihle. Uma udinga ukuhlwanyela izaqathe ngosuku olulandelayo, kungcono ukusebenzisa imbewu ejwayelekile, ihlelwe ngaphambili futhi ilungele ukutshala.
Ngokunakekela ukuthi izaqathe ziqhakaza ngokushesha, akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi ikhwalithi yembewu iyancipha ngokugcinwa. Izinga lokumila elingcono kakhulu lezinto zokutshala eziqoqwe ngonyaka odlule.
Ukuqapha lapho ufaka imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala
Imithombo ehlanganisa isihloko esithi “Ungayitshala Kanjani Izaqathi Ngamaselo” ihlala ikhuluma ngokusheshisa ukuhluma ngemuva kokukhanyisa imbewu ngaphansi kwamanzi afudumele. Kodwa-ke, ukugeza okunjalo kwezaqathi isetshenziswa kangcono njengendlela yokuhlola ukuhluma.
Imbewu engamakhompiyutha engasindi ibonakale ngokushesha bese isuswa ngokushesha. Uma ushiya imbewu egeleza ngokugcwele ngaphansi komfudlana, khona-ke kanye namafutha abalulekile avimba umswakama ukufinyelela umbungu, izakhi zomzimba ziyahlanjwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, izithombo zizoba buthaka ngamabomu.
Kusebenza kakhudlwana ukungazifaki imbewu emanzini ashisayo, kodwa ukuwagcwalisa ngamanzi at lokushisa kwasekamelweni izinsuku ezi-2 futhi ushintshe uketshezi ngezikhathi ezithile kuze kudlule imbewu. Kuyingozi ukulinda inani elikhulu lamahlumela ukuba likulume, ngoba cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi ukutshala imbewu encane ngaphandle kokulimaza amahlumela abuthaka.
Uma kuvela amahlumela, ke kungcono ukutshala imbewu enjalo enhlabathini efudumele. Ukubambezela ukukhula kwezithombo kuze kutshalwe, imbewu yathunyelwa esiqandisini, lapho igcinwa khona endaweni yokushisa yama-degrees angu-4. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, isihlabathi esomile sengezwe ezinhlamvwini ezincane zekherothi.
Ungakusheshisa kanjani ukuhluma kwezinhlamvu zembewu yekherothi ngaphandle kokufaka ofakwe
Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza izaqathe zikhuphuke ngokushesha. Lokhu akusizi nje ukusheshisa ukuhluma, kodwa futhi nokwenza lukhuni izitshalo ezizayo. Uma imbewu eyomile esikhwameni sendwangu ifafazwa ngenhlabathi ebandayo, enomswakama kahle, khona-ke emva kwezinsuku eziyi-10 izodonsa, futhi ukuhlwanyela kuyo ngeke kube nzima. Futhi ukwazi ukuthi izaqathe ziqhuma isikhathi esingakanani ngesikhathi sokutshala owomile, futhi akunakuba umthwalo wonke ukulinda izinsuku ezingama-4-5 ngaphambi kokuhluma.
I-soaking ingasatshalaliswa uma ekhaya ukudala imbewu uhlobo lwegobolondo lokudla okunempilo. Inqubo kumele yenziwe ezinsukwini ezingama-3-5 ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, ngenkathi i-drazhirovany isebenzisa ingxube yenhlabathi:
- isiza izaqathe ukuhluma ngokushesha;
- kusiza kakhulu ukuhlwanyelwa;
- kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwembewu endaweni ngayinye yendawo;
- kusiza ukugcinwa okulandelayo kokutshala, kufaka phakathi ukhula, ukuncipha kanye ne-hilling.
Amahlumela anjalo wezaqathi ezithombeni ahlukaniswa ngombala oluhlaza ogqamile, amandla nokufana.
Njengezakhi zokwakheka kwegobolondo zithatha:
- ukumnika kwe-mullein noma umquba;
- ukomisa owomile owenziwe ngesiziba;
- humus.
Imbewu ye-karoti eyomile ithululelwa embizeni yengilazi, lapho kufakwa inani elifanayo le-peat, humus ne-mullein ewuketshezi. Imbiza ivalwe ngokuqinile futhi inyakaziswe ngamandla kuze kube yilapho ungqimba lokuqala lwezitho zolwelwesi luzungeza imbewu. Lapho-ke izingxenye zezingxube ziyangezelelwa bese inqubo iphindaphindwa, kuthi izigaxa ezinde ezikhulile zibekwe ephepheni ukuze zome.
Ukutshala imbewu kuthatha isikhathi nokubekezela, kepha le ndlela ibhekwa njengokufanele kakhulu.
IHydrogel ukuze izaqathi zikhuphuke ngokushesha
Esikhundleni somswakama, i-hydrogel ebukeka njengamabhola amancane noma ama-kristalu asobala iyaqhubeka isetshenziswa namuhla ukulungiselela imbewu yokutshala.
- Izinhlayiya zezinto zokwenziwa ezithola ukwanda kwamanzi ngosayizi, futhi okuphakathi okuphumela kugcwala umoya ngenxa ye-inhomogeneity.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala izaqathe ezinembewu, zibekwa ku-hydrogel enomswakama, imboze kusuka ngaphezulu. Esimweni esinjalo, imbewu ithola konke okudingekayo ukuvuvukala, kepha ungagijimisi ubungozi bokubumba noma ukubola.
- Imvamisa, ukuluma kuqala ngesonto, ngemuva kokuvela kwezinsukwana ezimbizeni ezibonakala obala.
Uma siqhathanisa ukuthi zingaki izinsuku izaqathi eziphuma ngendlela yendabuko, khona-ke inzuzo yabahlali ehlobo iba sobala.
Ukugcotshwa Kokudla
Ngokungezelela kwamanzi wezinhlanyelo ezifakwayo, kuyasiza ukuthatha izixazululo zomanyolo. Ukwenza lula ukubhobozwa kwembewu yekherothi, kwanele ukufaka ithisipuni le-potassium noma i-sodium humate ilitha ngalinye lamanzi afudumele, i-Effekton-O, i-Engengen, noma umlotha wezinkuni ophindwe kabili.
Imbewu ifakwa kuketshezi usuku, emva kwalokho ihlanziwe bese ithunyelwa emakhazeni. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-4, imbewu eyomile, eyenziwe lukhuni ilungele ukuhlwanyelwa.
Imbewu Evuthayo
Ukucwilisa ngenkathi kudlula umoya emanzini kubhekwa njengenye yezinto ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ukuze kusheshiswe ukuhluma kwezimbewu zikakhaphethi.
Ekhaya, inqubo kulula ukuyifeza usebenzisa i-compressor ye-aquarium noma iphampu yemoto.
- Ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo, imbewu ye-karoti ibilisiwe kusuka emahoreni ayi-18 kuye kwangama-24.
- Amanzi okushisa kwekamelo athululelwa esitsheni futhi kuqinisekiswa ukuthi umoya ungena kuzo zonke izingqimba.
- Uma ijazi lembewu liqala ukuqhuma ngaphambili, inqubo iyaphazamiseka.
- Ngomthelela omkhulu kunayo yonke, kufakwa isisombululo se-trace element noma umanyolo we-liquid emanzini.
- Imbewu Ready yomile emoyeni futhi ihlwanyelwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, inhlabathi emibhedeni akufanele ibe manzi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho izithombo zingabola.
Embuzweni: "Ikherothi livela izinsuku ezingaki ngemuva kokwelashwa okunje?" abalimi abahlolile le ndlela baphendula ngokuthi ukonga isikhathi okungenani isonto.
Ukuqina kwezithelo zembewu yekherothi
Ukulungiselela izaqathe, njengesinye sezilimo ezivimbela ukubanda ezinezikhathi ezinde zokuhluma, ukusetshenziselwa ulimi lwasekhaya kusetshenziswa ngempumelelo. Leli iqoqo lezinyathelo okuhloswe ngazo ukuthola isivuno sokuqala kanye nokwanda kokumelana kwezitshalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izithombo zitholakala kalula emhlabathini ovulekile, izimila nokuthuthukiswa kwezimpande zezitshalo kusebenza kakhulu.
Ukudalwa kwendalo kwembewu yekherothi kufaka phakathi:
- ukungena emanzini ancibilikayo ekushiseni kwegumbi;
- ukugcina kuze kuphele amasonto amabili eqhweni noma esiqandisini ngaphansi kwendwangu emanzi, emazingeni okushisa -1 kuya ku-1 degree.
Ngemuva kokuba inqubo isiqediwe, imbewu iyavuvukala bese iqala ukugoba, yize amahlumela uqobo engakabonakali. Uma kunesidingo, i-vernalization ingaphazanyiswa futhi imbewu yezaqathi elungele ukukhula ingatshalwa enhlabathini emanzi, evulekile.
Ukulinganisa ukubukeka kwamahlumela, ifilimu noma izinto zokumboza engadini kuzosiza.
Uma sicabangela izithombo zez izaqathi, kusuka esithombeni ungakhomba ngokushesha izitshalo eziqinile ezivela ezinhlanyelweni ezilungiselelwe. Futhi ukuze izaqathe ziqhubeke nokukhula ngenkuthalo, into esemqoka ukuthi inhlabathi ayomile, nokuthi ukuqhekeka okugxambukela amahlumela akuhlanganisi phezu kombhede.
