Phakathi kwezinkukhu ezitshalwe emapulazini aseRussia, ama-turkeys awanazo izimbangi zokuncintisana ngokuya ngesisindo nosayizi. Ngakho-ke, ukuzalanisa, ukugcina ama-turkeys nokuwanakekela ekhaya sekuthandwa kakhulu ngabathandi bezinkukhu.
Ukukhetha kulula ama-turkeys kulula ukukuchaza. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, ngokudla okukhethiwe kahle, ukuhambisana nemibandela yokuboshwa nokunakwa okufanele, leli thanyana elincanyana liphenduka inyoni enkulu. Isisindo se-turkey endala, ngokuya ngohlobo lokuzalela, lungahluka kusuka ku-8 kuye ku-30 kg. Futhi yize ama-turkeys emincane kakhulu, nawo anesisindo okungenani esingu-6-8 kg ngezinyanga eziyisithupha. Ukuheha kuyangezwa iqiniso lokuthi eRussia kunezinhlobo eziningana ezifakazelwe kahle ezifanelekileyo ngisho nokukhulisa ama-turkeys ekhaya ngabalimi bezinkukhu ezingama-novice.
Noma kunjalo, akuyena wonke umuntu ophumelela ukuthola inyoni enempilo ngempela? Kungani abalimi nabanini bamakhaya kwesinye isikhathi behlangabezana nokufa okuphezulu, ukukhuluphala kwesisindo noma izifo?
Imbangela yezinkinga eziningi ziyefana - ukuntuleka noma ukunakekelwa okungahleliwe kwamachwane nezinyoni ezikhulayo.
Izici zokuzalela ama-turkeys ekhaya sabaqalayo
Ezimweni eziningi, ama-turkeys afakwa ekutholeni inyama yokudla enethenda. Uma uthenga izilwane ezisencane ukuthola ukudla kwasehlobo entwasahlobo-ehlobo, khona-ke ekwindla ungakujabulela ukufuya izinkukhu ezivela epulazini lakho uqobo. Ngezidingo zomuntu siqu, basebenzisa namaqanda angaphili kunkukhu ngenani lokudla.
Imisebenzi eyinhloko yokunakekela ama-turkeys ekhaya isesikhathini lapho kuvela ama-poults amancane e-turkey. Ngezinsuku zokuqala kanye namasonto okuphila, adinga ukunakwa njalo nokukondleka okukhethekile kuze kube izikhathi eziyi-10 ngosuku. Lapho ifinyelela eminyakeni yenyanga eyodwa, izinkukhu zase-turkey zikhula ziqine bese zishintshela ekudleni okuhlanganisiwe nokuhlanganiswa okusanhlamvu. Bangakwazi futhi kufanele bakhululwe ngokuhamba, okusindisa ekudla okuluhlaza futhi okungavumeli inyoni ukuba iqoqe amafutha ngokweqile.
Ekhaya, ngokuzalanisa ama-turkeys, kwanele kubalimi bezinkukhu zokuqala ukuthi bathenge umndeni owodwa onama-turkeys amaduna nama-4-5, lapho isidleke esisodwa silungiselelwe.
Ama-turkeys aqala ukuhamba cishe ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili ubudala, enikeza amashumi amaningana amaqanda ngonyaka. Thola inzalo yezinyoni usebenzisa ukufakwa. Ezinyamfuyeni ezincane zazilingana ngeminyaka, amaqanda asuswa esidlekeni futhi agcinwe endaweni eqondile emazingeni okushisa ayi-10-15 ° C. Ngasikhathi sinye, isitoreji sesikhathi eside sithinta kabi ikhwalithi yemibungu.
Imininingwane emayelana nokuzalela ama-turkeys ekhaya kanye nezimpawu zokufakwa ngaphakathi kungatholakala ezincwadini ezikhethekile nakwezinye izindatshana ku-portal. Uma kunqunywa ukuthi kufanele kuphathiswe ukuhanjiswa kwezinja kukhuphoni, kukhuliswa isidleke esikhulu ngendawo. Isakhiwo sizungezwe uhlangothi, ezansi enza udoti othambile, oxegayo. Ngezinsuku ezingama-26-28 ukusuka esikhathini lapho isikhukhukazi esibekwa ngaso sihlala ku-clutch, kuvela ama-poults poults.
Ekuqaleni, ama-poults ama-turkey agcinwa ngaphansi kokukhanya okwengeziwe kanye nokushisa komoya okuphakeme:
- ezinsukwini ezinhlanu zokuqala umoya kufanele ufudumele ufike ku- +33 ° C;
- ngesonto elilandelayo amachwane akuma +27 ° C;
- kusuka ngosuku lweshumi nanye, izinga lokushisa lekamelo lehlela ku +23 ° C.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwama-turkeys, ukuzalanisa kwawo nokugcina ekhaya ngeke kube nzima ngisho nakubalimi bezinkukhu abanokuhlangenwe nakho okuncane okusebenzayo. Ngaphezu kokugcina izinga lokushisa elidingekayo, ama-turkeys, aze aqine, avikeleke ekubhalweni nasekungeneni, kanye nasezifo ezithathelwanayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga:
- faka umoya ngokucophelela endlini;
- qiniseka ukuhlanza imfucumfucu futhi ususe okuphakelayo okudliwe ngengxenye;
- ukuhlomisa indawo yokugcina amachwane ngezitsha zokuphuza eziphephile.
Kusuka osukwini lokuqala lokuphila, izinkukhu zase-turkey zithola okuphakelayo okulinganiselwe okususelwa ku-mash emanzi ne-vithamini eluhlaza eluhlaza. Njengoba zikhula, kuhlanganiswa ukudla okuhlanganisiwe kokhokho noma ukudla okukhethekile okuhlanganisiwe ekudleni.
Ividiyo ekhuluma ngezici zokuzalela ama-turkeys ekhaya izosiza kakhulu kubona bobabili abalimi abaqala izinkukhu, nakulabo abanolwazi lokugcina enye inkukhu, futhi vele ubheke ama-turkeys.
Ukugcina ama-turkeys ekhaya lwabaqalayo
Isisekelo sembatho ngokuzalanisa nokugcina ama-turkeys ekhaya ukunakekelwa kwenyoni, inhlangano yokudla kwayo nokubekwa kwayo. Ukuba sezindlini ezihlanzekile, ezomile, ukuthola ukudla okwanele okunempilo futhi ube nethuba lokuhamba, ama-turkeys akhula kahle.
Ukugcina izinga lokushisa elinethezekile, ukukhanyisa okuhle kanye nenani lezinhloso ngendawo yunithi ngayinye kubaluleke kakhulu. Ezimweni eziminyene, ngisho nangayo yonke leyo nkathi yokunakekelwa, ama-turkeys abukeka ecindezelwe, ngokuvamile atholakala ezifweni, akhula kakhulu.
Ngokwesilinganiso, ubungako benyoni ngesentimitha ngasinye akufanele budlule:
- Izinjongo eziyi-15 zamachwane afinyelela ezinsukwini ezi-5;
- Izinjongo eziyi-10 zezilwane ezisencane ezifike eminyakeni eyi-1-2;
- 5 imigomo yama-turkeys aze afike ezinyangeni ezi-4;
- Abantu abangu-1-2 inyoni endala, kuye ngohlobo lokuzala kanye nesisindo.
Ukwakha izimo zokugcina ama-turkeys ekhaya, abafuyi bezinkukhu abaqalayo kudingeka banakekele umoya ophakeme wezinkundla, ukususwa komswakama owedlulele, ongenakugwemeka lapho kunomhlambi omkhulu endlini, kanye nokushisa okwamukelekayo ehlobo nobusika:
- Umswakama kufanele ugcinwe phakathi kwe-65-70%.
- Ngenkathi efudumele, indlu akufanele ibe yimbi ngaphezulu nangaphezulu kwe-18-20 ° C.
- Ebusika, benza isiqiniseko sokuthi indlu ayigodoli, futhi izinga lokushisa kuyo aliweli ngaphansi kuka-5 ° C.
Uma umbuso wokushisa ungahlonishwanga, okubhalwayo kuhambahamba ngasendlini, inyoni izizwa ingasasebenzi, ngokushisa okukhulu komswakama, noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inenkinga yokushisa ngokweqile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-turkeys ashesha kabi, ukukhula okuncane akusicekeli isisindo.
Lapho ugcina futhi uzalanisa ama-turkeys ekhaya, ukunakekelwa kufaka phakathi ukuhlanza okuphoqelekile noma ukubuyisela udoti endaweni, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ihlala yomile. Ungqimba omanzi lushintshiwe, futhi uma ama-turkeys agcinwa kudoti ojulile othululelwa ngaphezulu kwesendlalelo sekilayidi elishelelisiwe, khona-ke kufafazwa kuphela. Ukuhlanganiswa okunjalo kufanele kushintshwe entwasahlobo nasekwindla, ngasikhathi sinye kuhlanzwe ngokuphelele futhi kubulawe amagciwane ezakhiweni.
Ekuzaleni kwasekhaya, inyoni imvama ihlushwa ukuntuleka kokunyakaza. Ama-turkeys anezinkinga ngamajoyinti, i-headband ayizibutheli inyama, kepha amanoni. Ungazigwema lezo zinkinga uma ufaka izinkukhu ukuhamba unakekela ikhaya ama-turkeys. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izindawo ezibiyelwe ezinezithako zokudla nezitsha zokuphuza zixhonywa endaweni noma ngaphesheya kwemingcele yayo.
Ukuhlala emoyeni ovulekile uhlangana nokudla ukudla okuluhlaza okune-juicy kunikeza imiphumela emihle, kuvezwe ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kwezilwane ezisencane kanye nokwanda kokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kwama-turkeys amadala.
Ukuzala ama-turkeys njengebhizinisi: kunenzuzo noma cha?
Inhloso eyinhloko yokuzalanisa nokugcina ama-turkeys ukuthola inyama enambitha nenempilo. Ekufikeni kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, isidumbu esifinyelela isisindo sokuhlatshwa kwale nyoni siqukethe ama-80% alo mkhiqizo wokudla obalulekile, ngokusho kwezinkomba eziningi eziphakeme kunenyama yenkukhu nonogwaja. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona inyama emhlophe ethe xaxa yokudla eTurkey kunenyama ebomvu.
Emapulazini amancane akhulisa ama-turkeys okusetshenziselwa wona, iqanda lale nyoni nalo lisetshenziselwa ukudla. Kufika kumaqanda amakhulu ayi-100 angatholakala ethokheni lokubeka ngonyaka, eliphansi kunenkukhu enambithekeni kanye nasekondweni komsoco, kepha ligcinwa kangcono.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele ekhaya, ama-turkeys akhula futhi athole isisindo ngenkuthalo kunama-goose, hens kanye namadada, okungukuthi, empeleni, abaholi phakathi kwenkukhu. Kuya ngohlobo lokuzala, isisindo sowesilisa osekhulile singafinyelela ku-8-30 kg, bese ama-turkeys aze afike ku-12 kg.
Ukutshala imali okungathi sína kwezimali kanye nokusebenza emfuyweni ye-turkey ukuthengwa kwamaqanda, ukufukamela kanye nenyanga yokuqala yempilo yam amaphuphu. Ngemuva kwalokho, izindleko ziyehla ngenxa yokufakwa kokuphakelwa okushibhile okusanhlamvu nokondla kwamahhala ekudleni.
Ngakho-ke kunenzuzo noma cha ukuzalanisa ama-turkeys njengebhizinisi? Inani elikhulayo lamapulazi, lapho kuzwakala khona ukukhala kwesimo senyoni enkulu, kufakazela ukuthi ama-turkeys asepulazini nasemakhaya asekhaya anekusasa elihle.
