Ezindaweni ze-viticulture zendabuko, ngokwesibonelo, eSpain noma eningizimu yeFrance, umvini uholwa kuphela entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukususwa kwesibhamu kuhloswe ukwakha isihlahla, ukuphulukisa nokuvuselela izivini. Ngaseningizimu nendawo ekhulayo, ilanga elithe xaxa liya kumajikijolo futhi isikhathi esikhulayo sesitshalo. Inkinga enkulu yamagilebhisi akhulayo namajikijolo wokuvuthwa emgqeni ophakathi nendawo ukuntuleka kokushisa nokukhanya.
Inxephezelo kancane yokushoda kwehlobo laseRussia futhi idale izimo zokuthola isivuno sekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu kusiza ukuthenwa kwamagilebhisi ehlobo. It, ngokungafani nentwasahlobo, ayizithinti izingxenye ezinomqhele zomvini, kepha ihloselwe kuphela amahlumela aluhlaza, amahlamvu kanye namaqanda.
Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kwehlobo kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi okuluhlaza futhi kufaka imfucumfucu kanye nokumbiwa kwamahlumela, ukususwa kwezitebhisi, ukukhala, kanye nokulinganisa isivuno nokuncipha kwamaqabunga.
Ungawuthena kanjani amagilebhisi ngaphambi kokuqhakaza?
Ngemuva kokuthena entwasahlobo, ukunakekela komlimi izihlahla zamagilebhisi akumele kube buthaka, ngoba kanye ngamehlo ezithelo, amahlumela aqatha avela ezingxenyeni ezindala zomvini noma esisekelweni sezithombo. Ungawisika nini futhi kanjani amagilebhisi ehlobo kusuka amahlumela angenasidingo ngalesi sigaba? Amagilebhisi aphukile, eminyakeni eyishumi edlule kaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo, lapho amahlumela amasha aluhlaza afinyelela ubude obufika ku-15-20 cm futhi kulula ukuwususa.
Ngomdweshu onekhono amahlumela esihlahleni namagilebhisi wokuthena ehlobo, ungafinyelela:
- ukuba khona kwesitshalo ngasinye senani lamahlumela ahambelana namandla esihlahla;
- indawo enhle yokuvuthwa ngokuphelele kwamahlumela nokubekwa kokuvuna okuningi;
- ukugcinwa kwezilimo ezifweni zamagilebhisi nasekuhlaselweni yizinambuzane;
- ukungena komoya nelanga esibelethweni;
- ukuqondiswa kabusha kokudla kusuka amahlumela wokuhlanza kuya ezandleni;
- ukwakhiwa kwezihlahla ezifanele ngonyaka olandelayo.
Uma iziqongo zingaqhekeki ngesikhathi, zikhula ngenxa yezakhi zomzimba ezibalulekile zokuqhakaza kanye nokwakheka kwama-ovary ngalesi sikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahlumela aqatha afihla isihlahla, aphazamise ukungena komoya nelanga elangeni emqheleni, aze avimbele ukwakheka kwamajikijolo esikhathi esizayo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, lapho kuthenwa amagilebhisi ngoJulayi noma ngaphambili, asusa amahlumela asendle akhula engxenyeni engaphansi kwesihlahla, kepha ashiye amahlumela atshaliwe ngaphandle kwama-inflorescence uma edingeka esikhathini esizayo ekwakhiweni kwamagilebhisi. Lapho lesi sitshalo siqina, amahlumela amaningi asele.
Ungasika kanjani amagilebhisi ehlobo kusuka amahlumela angenasidingo
Izinqolobane zezakhi ezanqwabelana ngesizini edlule ezimpandeni zesihlahla samagilebhisi futhi zazisusa izingxenye zomkhathi, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ziqondiswe kumaphuzu wokukhula, kufaka phakathi izingxenye ezingaphenduki zamahlumela nama-inflorescence. Uma ukuthuthukiswa kokudubula kusebenza kakhulu, amabhulashi esikhathi esizayo awantuli izakhi zomzimba, izimbali ziqala ukubhoboka, futhi ama-inflorescences angaphenduka i-antennae.
Ukuze ungalahli isivuno, nciza iziqongo ngamaqabunga angakavulwa, okuholela ekuqothulweni kokukhula kwehlumela, bese kuthi ama-inflorescences abekwe anikeze i-ovary. Ngemuva kokubuka ividiyo mayelana nokuthenwa kwamagilebhisi ehlobo, kubaqalayo, abalimi, okucashile kwale nqubo kanye nokuhambisana kwemisebenzi ethile eluhlaza kucacile. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, ukususwa kwezingxenye ezisencane ze-apical zehlumela kungahlanganiswa nezinyathelo zokusika noma ukwenza ama-inflorescence ajwayelekile.
Phina ihlumela phakathi kwama-internode ngaphezulu kwe-inflorescence yokuqala. Sizosebenzisa ukwamukelwa uma kunesidingo sokulawula ukukhula kwesihlahla. Ukuphina amahlumela aqine kakhulu, ungafinyelela ukwakheka kwama-inflorescences amaningi ngonyaka olandelayo.
Ungawuthena kanjani amagilebhisi ngaphambi kokuqhakaza nangesikhathi sawo?
Ukususwa kwezingxenye ezisabekayo zamahlumela ezinamahlamvu aphezulu wokuvula ayi-5-8 kubizwa ngokuthi yi-minting yesihlahla somvini. Amahlumela amasha akhula ngenkuthalo ngangokunokwenzeka ngasikhathi sinye ngokufakwa kwamagilebhisi esikhathini sezimbali kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-ovary. Ngasikhathi sinye, phezulu elikhulayo liyondliwa ngamaqabunga asevele evuliwe engxenyeni engezansi.
Kungenzeka yini ukunquma amagilebhisi ehlobo lapho lesi sitshalo silungiselela ukuqhakaza, noma ngabe isibelethisi sesivele sakhiwe? Yebo, ukunqamulela amahlumela ngokubonisa ama-inflorescence awembula ngeke nje kulimaze isivuno esizayo, kodwa kuzosiza futhi:
- vimbela ukuchitheka kwe-efihlekile;
- thola isivuno esiningi on the ihlumela;
- ngcono ikhwalithi yokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo;
- vimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezihambisana nokukhungatheka, ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo, ukukhanya nomoya.
Le ndlela ifunwa kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezikhula ngokuphezulu, nakumagilebhisi anomqhele ohlangene nokukhula obuthakathaka, lapho ngesikhathi kuxubha khona lapho cishe akubikho ukuthi kuchithwe amabhulashi, ukugawulwa okunjalo kwamagilebhisi ehlobo akwenziwa.
Ukuthenwa kwehlobo kwama -onsons amagilebhisi
Okomvini, njengakwezinye izilimo eziningi, ukwakheka kwamahlumela aseceleni - isici esinezimpawu.
Ukususa noma ukufiphaza ukukhula okunjalo kwenziwa ezitshalweni ezincane, ezakheke kuphela, futhi kuyenzeka emasimini asevele esenezithelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo msebenzi uvame ukuba wusizo kakhulu ezinhlotsheni zamagilebhisi etafuleni, futhi emasimini ezithelo zomvini ngezinhloso zezimboni cishe awusetshenziswa.
Ngokuya ngenani lezingane zokutholwa, indlela ekhethiwe yokwakheka namandla esitshalo, ukuthenwa okufanayo kwamagilebhisi ngoJulayi kuyaphindwa kabili noma kathathu ngesizini futhi kungahlanganiswa nokujaha noma ukuvunwa komvini.
NgoJulayi ukugawulwa kwamagilebhisi
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ungawunquma kanjani amagilebhisi ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, ukuze iziqu ezithola zithola ukukhanya kwelanga, zishaywa ngumoya futhi zingabi nokudla okunempilo? Lezi zinhloso zenziwa ngokuncipha kwamajikijolo asivele akhekile, kanye nokususa ingxenye yamaqabunga ngesikhathi lapho amagilebhisi eqala ukuvuthwa.
Ukuqothula amaqabunga aphansi amahlanu kuya kwayi-10 amahlumela, lapho amajikijolo avuthwa khona, kukuvumela:
- nikeza isihlahla umoya omncane;
- ukunciphisa inani lesithunzi eliphazamisa ukugcwaliswa kwebhulashi;
- ninciphise kakhulu ubungozi bokuthola ukubola okungwempunga nezinye izifo zamagilebhisi kumajikijolo.
Ezimweni zehlobo elifushane elipholile lomucu ophakathi nendawo, ukugawulwa kwasehlobo okunjalo kwamagilebhisi kungenziwa njalo, futhi ezindaweni eziseningizimu, lapho kunelanga elithe xaxa, ukuncipha kwamaqabunga kusiza eminyakeni yemvula, kanye nasezitshalweni eziqinile lapho ukuvuthwa sekwephuzile. Ukuthola umphumela obonakalayo kakhulu wokususa amaqabunga ngasikhathi sinye njengalokhu kusebenza kumasethi amade, amagilebhisi avunwa ehlobo ngemuva kokuqhakaza, anqamule izihloko zezithombo ezikhula ngamandla.
Etafuleni ezinhlobonhlobo, lapho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola amabhulashi aminyene anempilo ngamajikijolo amakhulu, kuthathwa ukuthambisa amaqanda.
In Njengomphumela wesiteji, lapho amajikijolo engakaqali ukuvuthwa, okujwayelekile kutholakala emabhulashini akhethekile. Kepha kaningi ngesikhafu ezibukhali, bezama ukungaphazamisi amajikijolo, banciphisa isixha. Kwezinye izimo, kulesi sigaba, ngaphezu kwesigamu amajikijolo asethelwe angasuswa, okunyusa kakhulu inani lezakhamzimba ezingena kwi-ovary esele.
Izihlahla zomvini ehlobo ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali
Enye indlela esisiza ukuthola isivuno sokuqala sekhwalithi ephezulu ibizwa ngokuthi yi-banding futhi iqukethe ukususa indandatho emincane kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-3 mm ubukhulu kusuka ekuhlwayelweni kwezithelo kwegxolo. Kulokhu, ukudla kudluliselwa kumaqoqo nakulezo zingxenye zedubulo eziye zaphakama kunokusikiwe.
Njengomphumela wokuthenwa okunjalo kwamagilebhisi ehlobo ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, futhi ngenxa yokudla okwenziwe ngcono, amagilebhisi amakhulu angatholakala cishe emasontweni amabili ngaphambili ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ukukhala.
Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kubuhlungu ngokwanele kusitshalo futhi akufanele kusetshenziswe minyaka yonke ukuze kungachitheki isihlahla somvini futhi kungaqedi uhlelo lwaso lwezimpande.
