Ukubonakala kwama-bromeliads kuvame ukubonakala kalula ngesimo samaqabunga, nangesimo sendawo yawo kuma-rosette, nangokuqhakaza. IHGHa ihluke ngokuphelele kwabalingani bayo abavamile. Ukhumbula izinhlayiya ezinkulu ezinamakhekhe amakhulu, bese edla umhlanganiso, bese kuba izakhamuzi zasolwandle, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezibangela izinhlangano ezingezona ezesabekayo, uvele azidonsele amehlo. Ubuhle obumangalisayo bemigqa yamahlamvu ahlelwe ngokuhlelekile, amahlamvu anobuhlalu obucashile ahlanganiswa nemibala engaphandle komoya kuma-hechtias. Futhi ukumangala okuyinhloko ngesimo sama-inflorescence angajwayelekile kusivumela ukukala i-hechtia phakathi kwe-exotic ekhanyayo yegumbi.
IHGHa - kuyafana okusanhlamvu kanye ne-anculents bromeliad houseplant.
Izici ze-botanical ze-hechtia
Phakathi kwabamele abomndeni wakwaBromeliad, isimo se-exo asisijwayelekile. Lezi izitshalo ezingafani nalutho, lapho ungahlangana khona nazo zombili izinhlobo zezinto zomhlaba kanye nama-epiphytes, okumangazayo njalo ngamaqabunga anenyama futhi aqine aqoqwe ngama-rosette abonakala kalula.
Noma uphikisana nesizinda sama-bromeliads aqhakaza kahle, ama-hechtia abalulekile, angavamile njengesitshalo esingafani nalutho. Akanhle nje kuphela, kepha ama-rosette anemihlobiso eyingqayizivele. Futhi izimbali zama-hechtias, ezikwazi ukubabaza ngokuphelele emakamelweni okuhlala ajwayelekile, zingasibekela zombili i-vriesia kanye nezinye izimbangi ngomusa wefomu.
Igama le-hechtia alizange linikezwe ukuhlonipha usosayensi wezitshalo, kodwa lesikhulu sasePrussia uJerch Hecht. Ngaphandle kwesimo sesitshalo esisha futhi esifashini, ama-hechtias abelaziwa kusukela maphakathi nekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Lezi izitshalo zeNew World, ikakhulukazi ezivamile eCalifornia, eTexas naseMexico. Ama-Gechtias atholakala emthambekeni, nasemithambekeni, nasehlane, nasehlathini, futhi ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingasogwini ogwini olunamadwala.
Ngokungafani nama-bromeliad amaningi asendlini, i-hechtia isitshalo sasemhlabeni esijabulisayo esidonsa isikhathi eside futhi sihlobisa njalo.
Amaqabunga e-hechtia mide kakhulu, aqine, aqine, anamnyama, ambozwe ngameva nesihlakala. Ngobude obungamasentimitha angama-60 nobubanzi obungama-1-5 cm kuphela, amaqabunga agobile kahle ngaphansi kwesisindo sawo. Umphetho we-wavy ne-spikes ehlukaniswe kabanzi ikhulisa kuphela umphumela we-exoticism. Umphetho ucishe ungaqondakali ebusweni, kodwa eqinisweni amaqabunga ahlotshiswe ngezinwele ezincane futhi awakwazi ukuma amanzimtoti noxhumana nabo. Ukuhlelwa kwamaqabunga aminyene kuvumela i-hechtia ukuthi yakhe iphethini eyingqayizivele, ecishe ibe enemifanekiso kanye nemigqa yokulinganisa.
Kushiya imibala imisebe maphakathi nendawo yokuphuma, kuphinda ukugoba kwamaqabunga asondelene nokwakha iphethini eyodwa eyinkimbinkimbi. Ama-Rosette amaqabunga abukeka emuhle, angaphandle futhi emangalisa ngasikhathi sinye. Zifana nejellyfish emaqabungeni okugoba nokusanhlamvu kokuqina kwabantu. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-rosette we-hechtia abonakala emcaba kakhulu, lo mbono uyadukisa: njengawo wonke ama-bromeliad, kulesi sitshalo ama-rosette agcina amanzi futhi avumela isitshalo ukuba simelane nesomiso. Ekuphakameni, ezitshalweni ezinkulu zabantu abadala, zingelula kuze kufike kuma-30-40 cm.
Kunempikiswano eminingi mayelana nokuthi yisiphi isici se-hechtia - izimbali noma ama-rosette - okukhanga kakhulu. Noma i-hechtia engaqhakaza namanje ibonakala ingumhlobiso okhethekile futhi ibangela ukuncoma kuphela. Kepha izitshalo eziqhakazayo zinganconywa.
Indoor hechtias eziqhakaza ekugcineni noma phakathi nobusika. Ukusuka maphakathi nezitolo, izimbali ezinobukhulu obuphakathi, eziqoqwe ngama-spikelets ayinkimbinkimbi namapani, zivuka, zivame kakhulu, izimbali ezimhlophe ezinhle kakhulu. Ama-Sedentary, kuphela ama-cm cm angama-75 ubude, izimbali ezi-pistillate ezinezintambo ezikhululekile zimbozwa ngamabhulokhi obukhulu obuningi onqenqemeni olukhonjisiwe, ubude bawo cishe bulingana njalo nezimbali uqobo. Ubuhle be-inflorescence bunikezwa ngamaqabunga amboze ongunxantathu, nezindlebe ezihlukaniswe ngobuningi, zenza imigqa emihle ku-inflorescence. Ama-peduncle angenalutho, kwezinye izinhlobo anamaqabunga, kwezinye anamaqabunga akude.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza ngama-hechtias emvelweni noma emaqoqweni amakhulu, lapho kungenzeka khona ukutshala izitshalo zobulili obuhlukile, amabhokisi wezithelo ezi-cylindrical aqala ukuvuthwa kuphela ubude obuyi-7-8 mm.
I-rosette yamaqabunga e-hechtia ngumhlobiso omuhle kakhulu walesi sitshalo.
Izinhlobo zama-hechtias ezikhulayo emakamelweni
Uhlobo lwe-HGHa lubanzi kakhulu, kepha lumayelana nezitshalo zasendle kuphela ezitholakala ezindaweni ezomile zaseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika. Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, zisetshenziswa kuphela izinhlobo ezinhlanu zokuhlobisa zalesi sitshalo.
UGuhtemala Guchtia
UGuhtemala Guchtia (Hechtia guatemalensis) - isitshalo esikhulu esinesiqu esifushane. Amaqabunga amaqabunga aminyene futhi aqhakaza ngokumangalisa. Umphumela wobukhulu bukhulisa kuphela ukuma okuncanyana, okuqondile kwamaqabunga ngomphetho okhombe. Ngobude obungafika ku-80 cm ububanzi, amaqabunga anqunyelwe ku-5 cm, kepha emakamelweni osayizi anjalo cishe awatholakali.
Ezisekelweni, amaqabunga aphelele, kepha iningi lawo lihlotshiswe ngezikhudlwana ezinkulu, ezilukhuni, ezinezikali ezimhlophe ezisekelweni ezingezansi. Ama-spikes abonakala kakhulu, ngenxa yelungiselelo le-sparse.
Isici esivelele kunazo zonke salolu hlobo yithayi elibomvu, kwesinye isikhathi elijika izisekelo zibe isimangaliso esinsundu. Izinyawo zokuhamba ezinqunu zithweswa umqhele amahlandla amathathu nge-cirrus panicle inflorescence ekhuphuka ibe ukuphakama kwamamitha. Amagatsha e-panicle aqondiswa phansi, ngobude angakhula aze afike ku-30 cm, izandla zingathandeki futhi zinomusa impela. Lolu hlobo lwe-hechtia lubonakala ngezimbali ezincane ezinamaphawu ezinama-petals amahhala, amabhuleki amahle e-lanceolate futhi makhulu kakhulu, angaba ngama-5 cm amaqabunga amboze angaphezulu onxantathu.
I-Guchtemalian hechtia (Hechtia guatemalensis).
E-Gekhtia Texas
E-Gekhtia Texas (Hechtia Texensis) - ukubukeka okumangazayo nokubukeka okunamahloni ngama-rosette angamamitha ambalwa amaqabunga amancanyana futhi acinene, indawo yawo okuthengiswayo kukhumbuza idracaena. Ameva anameva agcizelela ukufana kwalesi sitshalo.
I-hechtia yesiliva
I-hechtia yesiliva (Hechtia argentea) - esinye sezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthungwa. Isiqu esifushane namandla nama-rosette anamaqabunga aqinile, ahlelwe ngokuma, anamaqabunga ahlukaniswe kahle njengesimangaliso esiphilayo. Amaqabunga amancanyana anobude obungafika ku-60 cm ngeke adlule ku-2 cm ububanzi, naphezu kokuthamba okunamanyama ngaphansi kwesisindo sawo, avela futhi agoba emaphethweni, okwenza umphumela wamakhasino kusokhethi. Umphetho we-wavy ugcizelela ubuhle bezintambo, kanye nezikhukhula ezinamaphiko, ziphuzi, zikhulu futhi zilukhuni, zithuthukisa kuphela ubuhle bokuluhlaza.
Izinyawo zokuhamba zalezi zinhlobo ziyehla ngaphansi kwesisindo sama-inflorescences. Izindlebe eziyinkimbinkimbi zigcizelelwa amaqabunga esiqu esibonisa ukuthi awukho kude. Ama-spikelets ahlukile ahlelwe ngokuhlukile, ahlukaniswe kabanzi komunye nomunye, afakwa ngamaqabunga amboze obukhali, omabhuloki esibelethweni nezimbali ezincane.
UHechtia kuze kube eceleni
UHechtia kuze kube eceleni (Hechtia mpakaandsioides) - Ukubukeka okungajwayelekile, cishe okungaqhakaza ngombala oluhlaza okhanyayo wamaqabunga acwebezelayo atholakala ku-rosette ebhobhozayo neshelelayo. Ama-Peduncle aphezulu kakhulu, aphethe umqhele ngama-spikelets ama-inflorescence ngezimbali ezincane eziphinki. Enye yezinhlobo ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu zama-hechtias.
I-Texas hechtia (Hechtia Texensis).
I-hechtia yesiliva (i-Hechtia argentea).
I-Hechtia kuzeandide (Hechtia mpakaandsioides).
Hechtia glomerate
Hechtia glomerate (I-Hechtia glomerata) - ukubuka okukhulu kakhulu ngokuqamba amanga, ukukhuphuka emaphethelweni amaqabunga, kwakha okuluhlaza okukhanyayo, okulinganayo, indawo enhle yokuphuma.
UHechtia glomerate (Hechtia glomerata).
Izimo zokukhula kwe-hectias yangaphakathi
Ama-HGHas awavamisile ukukhula kumakamelo, esaba ukubukeka kwawo. Kepha izitshalo ezimbalwa ziyawubekezelela umoya owomile nokushisa kangcono kunale bromeliad. IHGHa iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokukhanya ezihlukile. Eqinisweni, ukuphela komzuzu onzima kulokulima kwawo ubusika obubandayo.
IHompa ibhekwa ngephutha njengesitshalo esithintayo. Ngenxa yobukhulu bezindawo ezidayiswayo, zivame kakhulu ukudalulwa ngokuhlukaniswa okumangalisayo. Kepha eqinisweni, i-hechtia ibukeka ingcono kakhulu emasimini ahlanganisiwe noma emaqoqweni akhiwe yiqembu.
Ingasetshenziselwa ama-terrariums nama-florariums, ahlanganisa nanoma yikuphi ukuncediswa. Ngosizo lwe-hechtia, ungahlela ikona lengadi yasebusika noma ingadi yamatshe ekhethekile engaphakathi. Kungcono ukuhlanganisa i-hechtia nama-anculents kanye nama-exotic, hhayi izitshalo zasendlini zakudala.
Ukukhanyisa nokubekwa
UGekhtii - ama-exotic athanda ilanga. Imisebe yemini yaphakathi nayo inolaka kakhulu kubo, kepha ilanga lasekuseni noma kusihlwa linomphumela omuhle kumaqabunga okuhlobisa. Ukuqhakaza okumnandi kakhulu kwe-hechtia kuboniswa ngokukhanya, ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Uma i-hechtia ehlobo igcinwa emoyeni omusha, khona-ke lesi sitshalo sivezwa endaweni enelanga.
Indawo enhle kakhulu ye-hechtia egumbini lokuhlala ibhekwa kahle njenge-sill yasempumalanga. Leli siko alilahli ukuhlobisa amahlamvu ngisho nasethunzini elithile, futhi uma umsebenzi ungafinyeleleki kokuqhakaza izimbali, lapho-ke i-hechtia ingatshalwa hhayi efasiteleni kuphela.
Ukushisa nomoya omncane
Ngesikhathi sonke isigaba sezitshalo ezisebenzayo, ama-hechtias akhetha ukukhula lapho kushisa. Izinga lokushisa lomoya elivela ku-+25 degrees indawo enhle yamaqabunga alesi sitshalo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba i-hechtia iqinisekise ukulungiswa okufanele ngesikhathi sokuwa. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo kufanele sigcinwe sipholile, emazingeni okushisa angama-+8 kuya kwangu-+12 degrees Celsius. Amaconsi okuya ku-+5 degrees isikhathi eside akufanele avunyelwe, kepha akufanele ebusika afudumale yi-hechtia.
Enye yezikhathi ezibaluleke kakhulu kulimo lwe-hechtias uthando lomoya omusha. Isitshalo sidinga ukufakwa umoya njalo noma njalo. Iyasaba noma iyiphi imvelo ethambile futhi ezinyangeni ezifudumele ingahambisa emoyeni omusha.
IHGHa idlulisa ngomoya ophansi umoya owomile.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Hectaria ekhaya
Lesi ngesinye sezitshalo ezilula kakhulu zokukhulisa izitshalo ze-bromeliad. Ukunakekelwa kwe-hechtia kuncishiswa ekugqokeni okungaphezulu okuphezulu nokunisela; ukutshala kwayo kungabizi kakhulu ngisho nakubalimi abangenalwazi.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Esigabeni sokukhula okusebenzayo, ama-hechtias aniselwa kakhulu. Isitshalo asithandi ukuqina kwamanzi, kepha asesabi isomiso. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngendlela ye-classical - ku-substrate, okuvumela inhlabathi ukuba yome phakathi kwalezi zinqubo. Imvamisa lesi sitshalo siniselwa 1 ngesikhathi ezinsukwini eziyi-7.
Ehlobo, ungagcwalisa iloli ngaphakathi kwesitolo. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, lesi sitshalo siniselwa ngamanzi ngobunono, ngendlela yasendulo, hhayi ngendlela yomhubhe, sivumela inhlabathi ukuba yome ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokunisela okulandelayo. Ama-HGHas akhula kahle emabhodweni ngokunisela okuzenzakalelayo.
Kwi-hectia, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izinga eliphakeme, eligcinwe kahle, amanzi athambile futhi ugweme umehluko omkhulu kakhulu wokushisa phakathi kwamanzi wokunisela nendawo engaphansi.
Naphezu kwesimo sesitshalo esingandile futhi esine-moody, i-hechtia ayifuneki nhlobo emswakama komoya. Izinhlobo ezikhulelwelwe emakamelweni akuzona ezinhlobo zamahlathi futhi ngokwemvelo zikhula kahle endaweni eyomile. IGekhtiya ikubekezelela ngokuphelele ukushisa kwehlobo, akufanelekile ukufafaza lesi sitshalo noma ngabe kubukeka sengathi izimo zishisa kakhulu futhi zomile. Noma imuphi umanzi ulimaza umphetho ongabonakali kodwa obalulekile emaqabungeni esitshalo.
IHGHa ayikuthandi ukuxhumana namaqabunga, ngakho-ke ngisho nothuli lungaba yinkinga kulesi sitshalo. Kungcono ukungakhukhi noma ukhiphe ukungcola, kodwa ukukususe lapho kuphuma khona izitolo.
Ukufakwa nokufakwa komanyolo
Ngama-hechtias, isikhathi sokugqoka esiphezulu esisebenzayo sinqunyelwe kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhula kwamaqabunga asebenzayo. Izitshalo zondla ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba. Kwi-hechtia, 1 ukondla emasontweni ama-3-4 kwanele. Izitshalo, umanyolo asetshenziswa kuphela ngefomu lolotshezi I-hechtia esencane isabela kahle ekondleni okubuthaka komoya.
Ukukhetha umanyolo we-hechtia, ungabheka izingxube ezikhethekile zama-bromeliads noma usebenzise umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wendawo yonke.
Ukusika nokwenza ama-hechtias
Kulesi sihlahla se-bromeliad, i-peduncle iyasuswa ngemuva kokubuna kwama-inflorescences. Ukusika kwenziwa ngommese obukhali, ongaphansi njengoba isokhethi likuvumela.
Dlulisa futhi uhlukanise i-hechtia
Ukufakwa kweHGHa kwenziwa hhayi ngonyaka, kepha kuphela njengoba kukhula. Imvamisa isitshalo sidluliselwa kwesinye isikhathi eminyakeni emi-2, phakathi kwentwasahlobo.
I-HGHa, ngisho nasenkambisweni yasekamelweni, ayilahli ukuthanda kwayo kwenhlabathi. Lesi sitshalo sithanda inhlabathi enempilo ngokuthungwa okulula. Kuma-hechtias, inhlabathi ibhekwa njengelungele, enesihlabathi, ishidi ne-turf inhlabathi ngokwesilinganiso 1: 1: 2 ngezithasiselo ezikhululayo ukugwema ukubumbana - i-perlite, amatshe, ubumba olunwetshiwe. Ungasikhulisa lesi sitshalo ngama-substrates akhethekile ama-anculents, ama-bromeliads noma umhlabathi olula we-peat-sandy.
IGekhtiya icacisa amakhono. Lokhu akuyona i-epiphyte, edinga ukuthatha iziqukathi eziphakathi naphakathi nendawo. Uhlelo olunamandla lwe-hechtia izimpande luhlukaniswa yizo zombili ukukhula okusheshayo nokukhiqizwa kwamagatsha, ngakho-ke kungakhethwa ngisho namabhubhu amakhulu noma amabhodwe kulolu siko, kugxile osayizi bohlelo lwezimpande. Lapho kukhula umthamo omkhulu, i-hechtia ikhula ngokwengeziwe ngokwengeziwe kanye nama-rosette ayo amakhulu.
Lapho udlulisela i-hechtias, ungqimba oluphezulu lwamanzi kufanele lubekwe phansi phansi kwamathangi, okufanele luhlale cishe ingxenye yesithathu ukuphakama kwamathangi. Lapho ukufakelwa, isitshalo kufanele siphathwe ngokucophelela. Ukuvikelwa kwesandla kuma-spikes we-hechtia kumele kunakekelwe kusengaphambili.
Amaqabunga e-hechtia angaba nemibala ehlukahlukene.
Izifo, izilokazane nezinkinga kulinywe ama-hechtias
I-HGHa ikhombisa ukumelana okunamandla kwizinambuzane nezifo. Ukuphambuka okungathi sína kokunakekelwa okunconyiwe kanye nokutheleleka kwezilimo ezingomakhelwane kubangela ukwehlulwa yi-mealybugs noma izinambuzane zesikali. Noma ukubola, lesi sitshalo sizinzile kunamanye ama-bromeliad, sinikeza ithuba lokulungisa lesi simo ngokulungisa okunisela, okokuqala siphendule ngokubuna, futhi kuphela lapho - ukufa kwezicubu.
Ukuzalela kweHGHa
Le bromeliad emangalisayo kulula ukuyisakaza. Njengawo wonke ama-bromeliad, ama-hechtia akha ama-rosette aseceleni, anele ukuhlukanisa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwesinye isitshalo sikamama esidala. Akudingekile ukutshala izitshalo zamadodakazi aze akhule abe yingxenye yesithathu yokuphakama kokukhishwa kukamama. Kungcono ukwahlukanisa izingane hhayi ngesandla, kodwa ngommese obukhali onokulungiswa kwezikhuhla ngamalahle. Izitshalo zitshalwa kuphela ngemuva kokuba izingcezu sezomile ngokuphelele, ezinsukwini ezi-2 emva kokusikwa.
Uma ufisa, ungasithola lesi sitshalo ezinhlanyelweni, noma kunjalo, azitholakali kakhulu ezithengiswayo. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa entwasahlobo, engxenyeni engaphansi yesanti, ngokweqile, kumboze umhlabathi kancane. Izinga lokushisa elishisayo, ukukhanyisa okusebenzisa ukukhanya, umswakama okhanyayo nokubekezela kuyizici ezine ngaphandle kwalo ongakwazi ukukhula i-hechtia kusuka kuzithombo.
