Emigqonyeni yamakha amnandi aphuma esitolo aqukethe ama-nitrate angama-60%, kepha amavithamini - ithonsi elincane. Ngakho-ke, izigidi zamakhosikazi asezindlini anquma ukuqala ukukhulisa isipinashi ku-windowsill, ebhekela ukuhlwanyelwa okufanele, ukunakekela nokuvuna.
Kwi-horticulture, lesi sitshalo sihlukaniswa ngokuya kwesikhathi sokuvuthwa: izinhlobo zokuqala, ezivuthwa phakathi nesikhathi sokufika sekwephuzile. Noma kunjalo, izinga lokushisa elilungele ukukhula kwabo okuphumelelayo kungu-16-16 C.
Ukulinywa kwesipinashi okumangalisayo kufasitela
Amakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zamasiko abelwe ezindaweni zokucwaninga zesayensi. Amaningi awo angagonyiwe izifo. Ama-nzalo amelana namagciwane ayingozi, okuholela ekubumbeni, izifo kanye nokubola.
Umthengi ubhekene nokukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo
Isigaba sokuqala siqala ngokukhethwa kwento efanelekile yokutshala. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bahlukanisa izinhlobo eziningana ezikhula ngokuphumelelayo ezimweni zokugcina ukushisa. Ukuze kutshalwe isipinashi kusuka kunembewu efasiteleni, kunconywa ukukhetha izinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- Gigantic. Isikhathi eside ayiqali umcibisholo, iyamelana nokuqongelela ama-nitrate futhi inezakhiwo ezingamelana nokubanda. Isihlahla esindayo sinqunywa ngaphansi kwempande amaviki ama-3 ngemuva kokutshala.
- Isigaxa samaqabunga. Iqembu lama-greens licebile ngamaprotheni anempilo namavithamini. Izinhlobonhlobo zivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ekudleni kwezingane. Isikhathi sokuvula yizinsuku ezingama-31.
- Matador. Incamela inhlabathi evundile nokunisela okuningi. Ukusuka ekuhlumeni kuya ekuvuthweni okugcwele kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-40-50. Indawo ekhompiyutha iqukethe amaqabunga awugqinsi asikiwe aze abe yize.
- Monsters Wirofle. Kubhekwa njengeyokuqala, ngoba ebusika isipinashi esisefasiteleni singavunwa ekuqaleni kwezinsuku ezingama-28 nangemva kwalokho. Isihlahla sama-greens abushelelezi sifinyelela ku-cm cm ububanzi.
Ukuthola isivuno unyaka wonke, abakhiqizi abaningi bancoma izinkathi eziningana zonyaka. Isikhathi esiphakathi kwabo sisukela ezinsukwini eziyi-10 kuye kwezingu-15.
Noma kunjalo, izinsuku ezikhonjisiwe zihlobene, ngoba ikhwalithi yangaphansi komhlaba ithinta ukuhluma. Futhi akuyona indima encane edlalwa yizimo zesimo sezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kubhekwe ngokukhethekile ukuthi ungakhula kanjani isipinashi efasiteleni elisefulethini.
Isigaba sokulungiselela - ukusebenza ngembewu nenhlabathi
Abafuyi bayakuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlwanyela kungenziwa zombili izinkathi zekwindla-ubusika kanye nehlobo lasentwasahlobo. Into esemqoka ukukhetha izinhlobo ezinamapuleti amakhulu anamaqabunga anamahlamvu. Amahlumela amahle azovela ngokushesha uma:
- cwilisa imbewu ngoketshezi olufudumele amahora angama-24;
- bese ulondolozela amahora angama-2-4 kwikhambi elihlanganisiwe le-potanganum permanganate;
- bese ukhipha okusanhlamvu ngokukusonga ngethawula lephepha.
Ngenxa yezinqubo ezinjalo zokutshala "nge-spa" zizothamba zinele. Ngenxa yalokhu, igobolondo elilukhuni lithamba kakhulu kangangokuba livumela ihlumela ukuba lidabule kulo ngokushesha okukhulu. Amanzi abulala amagciwane abulala wonke amagciwane nezinhlamvu ezinobungozi ezitholakala ezinhlanyelweni.
Kuyenzeka ukuthi umlimi angabi nalo ithuba lokucwilisa. Kulokhu, ochwepheshe batusa kakhulu ukuthambisa inhlabathi esitsheni ngaphambi kokutshala.
Silungisa umugqa womhlabathi
Okokuqala, umgcini wehostela kufanele anqume ukuthi uzosebenzisa siphi isistimu ukukhulisa isipinashi ewindini, kungaba noma ngaphandle kokufakelwa. Esimweni sokuqala, kusetshenziswa isitsha esincane. Ngemuva kokuqhuma, amahlumela ayongena endaweni yaphakade. Ngokukhetha kwesibili, kungcono ukuthatha imbiza yezimbali noma hhayi isitsha esijulile, kodwa ububanzi. Into esemqoka ukuthi inezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Ukugcwaliswa kwembiza kwenzeka ngale ndlela:
- phansi kumbozwe ngobumba olwandisiwe, udwala noma isitini esiqhekekile (ubukhulu bokunqenqema okungama-2-3 cm), lapho-ke umswakama awuzukuhamba engxenyeni engezansi;
- hlanganisa i-vermicompost (ingxenye eyi-1) ne-coconut fiber (amahora ama-2);
- esikhundleni sengxenye ye-organic, i-perlite noma i-vermiculite kwesinye isikhathi isetshenziswa (i-1-2 tsp yengezwe ku-1 m² wenhlabathi).
Awungeke uthenge izingxube zenhlabathi, ezifaka izithasiselo ze-peat. Lokhu okwenziwe ngemvelo kukhulisa inhlabathi futhi, ngokusho kososayensi, kukhuthaza ukulethwa kwamavithamini esiqeshini.
Enye yezinto ezisebenza ngaphansi kwenhlabathi yikhono lokugcina umswakama isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, endaweni enjalo, izinto eziphilayo ziqala ukubola. Ukuze unciphise ukubukeka kwesikhunta nokubola, omama bazama ukusebenzisa amadwala aqhamuka ngentaba-mlilo.
Inketho yomnotho
Ngasikhathi sinye, abaningi bazijwayeza ukusebenzisa ukwakheka kwenhlabathi elandelayo: inhlabathi yengadi, i-humus (inkomo noma iqabunga), kanye nesihlabathi. Ingxenye yokuqala izodinga izingxenye ezi-2, kanti enye - ngasikhathi sinye. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ingxube yomhlaba isatshalaliswa ngamanzi abilayo noma ibulawa magciwane nesisombululo, bese ishiyelwa isigamu sehora kuhhavini ku-100 ° C.
Ngomthelela omuhle kakhulu, umhlaba ngaphambili wawuthululiwe. Fafaza ekhasini lokubhaka. Ubukhulu bengqimba bufika ku-5 cm. Bese ubeka izitsha esikhwameni sokubhaka bese uthumela kuhhavini. Lokhu kusebenza njengendlela ephumelelayo yokuvikela amagciwane.
Into enhle ukutshala nokunakekela isipinashi ewindini.
Sekushiwo ngenhla ukuthi amasiko angatshalwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Noma kunjalo, kufanelekile ukubheka izici zesimo sezulu ngasinye sazo. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo zasehlobo, lesi sitshalo kuyodingeka sibekelwe imithambo, bese kuthi ngezikhathi zobusika obunamafu - sikhanyise ngamalambu akhethekile (amahora wehora lasemini kufanele aqhubeke amahora angama-8 kuya kwayi-8).
Ngemuva kokunquma isikhathi sokuhlwanyelwa, ungangena kwezebhizinisi. Umcimbi ubandakanya izinqubo ezi-6 ezilula:
- Ingaphezulu le-substrate liyathukululwa futhi lithanjiswe kakhulu.
- Kusetshenziswa ipensela, kwakhiwa ama-grooves noma izimbobo. Ukujula kokushumeka kungu-1.5-2 cm.
- Beka imbewu, ukufafaza kancane ngenhlabathi.
- Ukufafazwa kokufika ngamanzi afudumele.
- Mboza nge-glassware noma ngeplastiki
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5-6, zisusa okuluhlaza okotshani, kodwa zikwenze kancane kancane ukuze amahlumela akwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo.
Isitshalo singakubekezelela kalula ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa: 8-10 ° C. Ngakho-ke, indawo engcono kakhulu yezithombo ikhethwe ngama-loggias akhazimulayo, lapho i-microclimate enomswakama ihlala igcinwa khona. Le yimfihlo yokuthi ungakhula kanjani isipinashi kuvulandi.
Abalimi abanolwazi baphinde bazijwayeze ukwakha izindlu zokugcina izithombo ezinde ngaphezulu kweziqukathi. Ngenxa yalokhu, indawo enomswakama igcinwa ngaphansi kwedome yazo.
Izithombo ziyantshontsha lapho kuvela amaqabunga ama-2 agcwele. Lapho ziba namandla futhi zinezimpande enhlabathini entsha, amahlumela anikezwa ngomanyolo owuketshezi. Ngenye indlela, kusetshenziswa i-ammonia (25%), iFitosporin noma i-hydrogen peroxide (3%). Kulungiselelwe isixazululo esibuthakathaka kakhulu - amaconsi angama-20 axutshwe 1 litre lamanzi.
Ukubusa Okubili - Ukunakekelwa Nokuvuna
Ezifundeni eziningi, ubusika bunobunzima obukhulu, ngakho-ke kukhethwa indawo enokwethenjelwa kakhulu yezithombo - the windowsill. Kepha ngesikhathi sokushisa kuyashisa kakhulu lapho futhi umswakama uvele ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, inkosikazi izofafaza ukumfafaza kabili ngosuku.
Phakathi kokunye, kunemithetho eminingana yokuthi ungasikhulisa kanjani isipinashi ekhaya. Ukuphakamisa okushisa kwegumbi kuya ku-18-20 ° C - izimo ezivumayo zokwakheka kwamaqanda wezimbali. Ukuvela kwemicibisholo nemiqumbe kuhlasela kakhulu ukonakala kwamaqabunga.
Ngaphandle kokugcina umswakama ophakeme, imifino izoqala ukuqothuka bese ilahlekelwa yi-juicness yayo. Kuyatholakala ngenxa yokufafaza njalo.
Isilimo sokuqala sivunwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30 zikhule. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuze kube yilapho amaqabunga agcwele ama-5-6 enesikhathi sokukhiqiza esitolo. Kulokhu, isihlahla sikhula size sifinyelele ku-10 cm. Lapho isitshalo sikhipha umcibisholo, sisuswa ngokuphelele, bese kuthi enye imbewu ihlwanyelwe enhlabathini.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ukukhulisa isipinashi ku-windowsill akulula neze. Udinga ukukhetha izimbotshana ezinhlobonhlobo, imbiza nokutshala. Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, izithombo kufanele ziniselwe ngokukhululekile futhi zifafazwe. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, ngenyanga kuzokwazi ukusika amaqabunga amasha wemifino enamafutha.
