IZucchini ithathwa njengesilimo semifino esingatheli ukuthi sikhule embhedeni cishe okhula. Kodwa abalimi abanolwazi bangakuqinisekisa ukuthi lo mbono unephutha - kwesinye isikhathi ukuthola isivuno esihle akulula neze, ngoba izithelo ezincane ziqala ukunyamalala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela ngaphambi kokuba zifike kusayizi oludingekayo. Kuzoba wusizo ekuqaleni abalimi bemifino ukuthola ukuthi kungani i-zucchini iphenduka iphuzi bese ibola engadini encane nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nenkinga.
Kungani zucchini ezincane ziphenduka ophuzi bese zibola engadini: izizathu eziphambili
Ukujikeleza ama-ovini ku-zucchini kuyinto evamile
Kunezizathu eziningana ezingadala ukubola kwemishado esemisha yemifino, kufaka phakathi:
- ukwephulwa kokujikeleza kwezitshalo;
- umswakama ngokweqile emhlabathini;
- okuqukethwe ngokweqile noma ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba emhlabathini;
- ukuntuleka kokuvota;
- izifo kanye nezinambuzane.
Uma ungathathi izinyathelo ezidingekayo, umthelela wezinto ezingezinhle ungashabalalisa zonke izithelo.
Ungasigcina kanjani isivuno ngokubheka inkinga ekhonjwayo
Izenzo ezifanele zomhlali wasehlobo zizosiza ukusindisa isivuno futhi sigweme amaphutha lapho kukhula i-zucchini ngokuzayo.
Ukwehluleka kwesithelo
Njengoba sesithole isivuno esihle se-zucchini, abalimi abaningi abacabangi ngokukhetha indawo yokutshala isivuno esilandelayo bese besitshala endaweni eyodwa, ngaleyo ndlela bephula i-oda lokutshala.
Ukushintshwa kwezilimo kuwukushintshana kwesayensi kwezitshalo ngesikhathi nendawo, okufanele kubhekwe yibo bonke abakhulisa imifino. Ekuqhubekeni kwentuthuko, izitshalo zidedela izinto enhlabathini ezinobuthi kumalungu omndeni owodwa, kepha zingazilimazi ezinye izilimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-tizilombo we-pathogenic nezinambuzane eziyingozi zihlala emhlabathini, zidala izinkinga ezithile zokutshala.
Indawo ekahle yokutshala izithombo zemishado yemifino kubhekwe njengesiqephu sendawo enelanga kunazo zonke lapho kungekho khona okunye ukutshala okuphezulu
Kwi-zucchini, wonke amalungu omndeni wethanga angamanduleli angavumelekile - ukhukhamba, amakhabe, amathanga, amakhabe, ne-zucchini uqobo. Ngokufanelekile, ngesizini elandelayo, ukutshala kungcono lapho izitshalo ezinama-solanaceous - utamatisi, upelepele, amazambane kanye nesitshalo seqanda - ngaphambili kwakhula, futhi kunconyelwa ukutshala i-zucchini endaweni efanayo akukho ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-4-5 kamuva.
Ukuze unciphise ukubola kwemifino etshalwe ngokungahambisani nokujikeleza kwezilimo, kufanele ulandele imithetho ngokuqinile ukuze ubanakekele, futhi uqaphele ngokucophelela ukuthi azikho yini izinambuzane nezimpawu zezifo ezihlahleni.
Umswakama owengeziwe emhlabathini
IZucchini yisiko eliseningizimu elithanda ukushisa elithanda ilanga namazinga okushisa aphezulu, kepha alibekezeleli umswakama omningi emhlabathini. Kungaba nezizathu ezimbili zale nkinga - ukuchelela ngokweqile noma isimo sezulu semvula. Ihlobo ekuphethweni kwethu lihlala lingajabulisi njalo ngesimo sezulu esihle, futhi izimvula ezinde zibhekwa kaningi kunezinsuku ezifudumele, kepha ngisho nangezikhathi ezishisayo ezinye izakhamizi zasehlobo zinakekela i-zucchini ngokulangazela kakhulu futhi ngokoqobo “zigcwalise” izihlahla. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwakheka umphumela wokugcina ukushisa, ngenxa yokuthi izithelo ziqala ukubola ngisho esibelethweni.
Uma imbangela yokubola i-zucchini encane kuyisimo sezulu esinethayo, akunakwenzeka ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi sithonye isimo - kuyodingeka ulinde izinsuku ezinelanga. Ukuvikela imibhede umswakama omningi kakhulu, ukumboza ngefilimu noma nge-tarpaulin, ngenkathi izitshalo kufanele zingene umoya kahle. Kungcono ukuvikela isihlahla ngasinye ngawodwana, usungula indawo yokukhosela ngaphezulu kwesikhungo saso ukuze umswakama ungawi ezimbali nakumaqanda aqhamukayo.
IZucchini iboniswa ukumelana nesomiso ngenxa yohlelo olunamandla lwezimpande, ngakho-ke izitshalo ziyakwazi ukuthuthuka yize kungekho mvula isikhathi eside
Ngezinsuku zemvula, udinga ukwenqaba ukunisela i-zucchini, futhi esimweni sezulu esishisayo, ukunisela okutshala kungabi ngaphezu kanye ngenyanga, futhi isilinganiso soketshezi akumele sibe ngaphansi kwamalitha angama-20 esihlahleni ngasinye. Amanzi afudumele asetshenziselwa ukutshala ukunisela, kufanele kuthululelwe ngaphansi nje kwempande nge-jet engenamandla kakhulu ukuze kungabhubhisi umhlaba.
Ungasusa umswakama omningi emhlabathini ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula:
- Thulula umhlaba ngokucophelela ezihlahleni ngokujula kuka-10- 20 cm - lokhu kuzokoma inhlabathi futhi kwenze ukuba uphefumule. Akudingekile ukususa ukhula ezungeze i-zucchini ngesimo sezulu esinethayo, njengoba kukhipha umswakama owedlulele, ukuvimbela ukukhula kwezinqubo zokubola.
- Kuhle ukuhlola ukutshala, ukususa zonke izithelo ezibolile namaqabunga aphuzi, ikakhulukazi lezo zilele emhlabathini - lokhu kungavimbela ukwanda kokubola kwezinye izihlahla ezisele.
- Ngaphansi kwazo zonke izithelo ezisencane ezithinta ingaphezulu kwenhlabathi, kufanele ufake utshani, izingcezu zeplywood noma ingilazi - ukusondela kwenhlabathi emanzi kukhulisa amathuba okubola.
- Susa zonke izimbali kuma-ovari asencane e-zucchini, bese uthinta iziphetho lapho zikhule khona kancane ngomlotha - kwakha uqweqwe oluncane oluvimbela ukunqwabelana komswakama kanye nokuthuthuka kwezinqubo ezibubekayo.
Ngezinsuku zemvula, imicimbi enjalo kufanele yenziwe njalo ukuvikela umswakama ngokweqile nokuqina kwenhlabathi.
Izakhi ezengeziwe
Inhlabathi evundile kakhulu noma ukugqokwa okuphezulu okuphezulu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi inani elikhulu lokuluhlaza okukhanyayo libonakala emithini, futhi ukukhula kwezithelo kuyancipha. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili - ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwama-ovari, izinto eziwusizo azisatshalaliswa kahle, futhi amaqabunga amakhulu akha isithunzi esivimba ukukhanya kwelanga ekufinyeleleni izimbali kanye ne-zucchini encane, ngenxa yalokho eqala ukubola.
I-Zucchini kufanele itshalwe enhlabathini evundile ngokulinganayo futhi ungasebenzisi kabi ukugqokwa kwezihlahla eziphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukuncipha kokutshala kancane - unqume ingxenye yamaqabunga adala isithunzi futhi aphazamise ukukhula okujwayelekile kwesithelo:
- Ngommese obukhali, sika amashidi amakhulu amaningi ukusuka maphakathi nesihlahla, ushiye u-3-4 cm uye esitsheni, nawo wonke amaqabunga aphuzi.
Kungcono ukwenza inqubo yokuthena amaqabunga e-zucchini ekuseni ngosuku olucwathile, ukuze imisebe yelanga ibe nesikhathi sokomisa indawo yokusika, futhi ayiba "ngumnyango" wokungena kwezifo ezincane ze-pathogenic
- Ngosuku olulandelayo, fafaza okutshaliwe ngesisombululo semifino ejwayelekile (imifino yedayimane) - isipuni esibhakeleni samanzi afudumele.
Lapho usuthisa i-zucchini ngamanyolo, umuntu kufanele akhumbule ukuthi ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimbali ezinkulu, izitshalo zidinga i-nitrogen, futhi kamuva idinga i-phosphorus, calcium ne-potassium.
Ukuntuleka kwamantongomane
Enye yezizathu zokuvunwa kabi nokuwohloka kwezithelo ezisencane ukuntuleka kwezici zokulandela i-boron ne-iodine enhlabathini. IZucchini iyazwela kakhulu esimweni esinjalo - kungavela izinkinga ezingathi sína ngokuthuthukiswa kwama-ovaries noma ekuvuthweni.
Iodine prophylaxis ithinta ukukhula kwesithelo - bakha i-10-15% elikhudlwana futhi bavuthwe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambili
Ukubuyisela ukulingana okuphelele kwezinto ezilandelwayo, izitshalo ezitshaliwe zingafafazwa nge-boric acid (1 g yomkhiqizo ngama-5 l wamanzi) ne-tinication ekhemisi nge-iodine ngesilinganiso samaconsi angama-30 omkhiqizo ngama-10 l amanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungasebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi oqukethe lezi zinto, kanye nomquba, amaconsi enkukhu nezinye izinto eziphilayo.
Ukuntula impova
Esikhathini sezulu esinezimvula, imbangela yomonakalo we-zucchini encane akuyona nje umswakama owedlulele, kepha futhi nokuntuleka kokuvundiswa - izimbali ezingenawo uthuli ziqongelela umswakama bese ziqala ukubola, emva kwalokho inqubo yokubola isabalalela kwezinye izithelo namahlamvu.
Ekutshaleni i-zucchini, kufanele kube okungenani nezihlahla ezimbalwa ezinezimbali eziphuzi eziheha izinyosi namaqhugwane, futhi kungcono ukukhulisa izimbali eduze kwesivuno, futhi uzihlelele ukuze izinambuzane zindize ngokukhululekile zucchini.
Ukuvota okwenziwa ngesandla, okunzima ukwenza ngaphandle kwamahlobo emvula, kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Sula imbali yesilisa ngokubheka ukuvuthwa kwephole (kufanele kube nefreyimu).
- Sula amacembe esihlahleni bese uvimba impova yesibeletho sowesifazane.
Kungcono ukwenza impova ekuseni ngosuku olunamafu, kepha hhayi izinsuku zemvula noma esimweni sezulu esipholile, ngoba umswakama kanye nelanga elikhanyayo kunciphisa amathuba okuba nomphumela omuhle
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ukuzungeza i-zucchini kungadala i-powdery isikhutha, i-peronosporosis, ukubola okumhlophe nokumpunga, kanye nezinambuzane eziphambili zesiko - ama-slugs. Ukubona ukwahlulwa kokutshala ngezifo zesikhunta kulula impela - kuvela umucu omhlophe emaqabungeni, bese kuvela izindawo ezinezimpawu ezinhlezaneni, emva kwalokho ziqale ukunyamalala, futhi inqubo ye-pathological ngokuyinhloko ithinta amaqabunga amasha nezithelo.
Ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwezithelo, kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa imishini yokuvikela amakhemikhali
Uma lesi sifo sesiqale ukukhula, kubalulekile ukuphatha okutsaliwe ngamakhemikhali - "Ridomil", "Topaz", "Tiovit", "Fundazol". Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amalungiselelo, kubalulekile ukufunda imiyalo, uqiniseke ukuthi usebenzisa imishini yokuzivikela futhi ucubungule okutshale okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokuba izithelo zivuthwe.
I-Chemistry ingashintshwa ngamakhambi abantu - isixazululo se-potanganum permanganate, i-infusions eqinile ye-anyanisi kanye negalikhi.
Izifo zesikhunta nokuqothuka kwezinambuzane kulula ukukuvimbela kunokubhekana nenkinga elandelayo - ngoba lokhu udinga ukutshala lwesinaphi, i-lavender, igalikhi, i-sage nezinye izitshalo ngephunga elinamandla eduze kwe-zucchini, kanye nokuqeda umswakama omningi womhlabathi futhi kuqashwe nobunzima bokutshala.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-zucchini ayidingi ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, ukuze uthole isivuno esihle kufanele uqaphele ngokutshala, uqaphela imithetho yokunisela, ukubondla nokubanakekela. Ngenxa yalokhu, amahlathi azokuvuza umnikazi wawo ngezithelo ezinhle, eziqinile nezinkulu.
