Igama lalesi sitshalo esimangalisayo lisahlotshaniswa nenkosazana evela kusanta we-movie edume. Yebo, nasekuthandweni kukaLeia - umuntu ophikisana naye ngokweqiniso. Ukwehla, kunzima, uzwela ezimweni ezingezinhle, wembula ubuhle bakhe kuphela ezandleni ezinakekelayo. Kepha ubuhle bakhe buhlukile. Lesi sitshalo esikhulu esinomqhele ogqamile wamaqabunga aqoshwe siba nombala nemibala ehlukile. Futhi yize uLeeya engakakwazi ukujoyina uhlu lwamasiko athandwa kakhulu, ubuhle bakhe besimanje obuqinile buheha abalandeli abengeziwe.
Ubomvu we-Lea (i-Leya rubra)Razlogaya kanye nomoya leey
Uma ufuna isihlahla esikhulu noma isihlahla somhluzi esingahle sibukeke njengosingenasisindo futhi sinomoya, khona-ke i-leeya ikuwe nje. Akunakwenzeka nje ukuyichaza ngenye indlela. Umqhele othambile, ophethwayo, omangalisa kakhulu lo mmeleli wezitshalo zasendlini ezingavamile kakhulu awunakuqhathaniswa. Yebo, futhi uLeaia ngokwakhe ngokuya ngokuhlobisa kwayo nokwakheka kwakhe akamazi nje izimbangi. Kepha naphezu kwalesi simo somoya esiyingqayizivele, uLeia useqala nje indlela yakhe yokuba nodumo. Ngeke usithole lesi sitshalo kuwo wonke amagumbi, kodwa kusakufanelekela ukusibheka.
Leeya (Leaa) - Uhlobo oluncane lwezitshalo zokuhlobisa neziqabulayo, emasikweni egumbi amelwe izinhlobo ezine kuphela. ILii ingeyama-subfamily wegama elifanayo - Lei (Leeaceae) Umndeni wamagilebhisi (Vitaceae), okungezwa kuzo akufaki olunye uhlobo lwezitshalo. Futhi vele lokhu kwehlukaniswa okhethekile kwalolu hlobo kubonisa ngokuqondile ukuthi isitshalo uqobo sihluke kanjani. ULeah waqanjwa ngoJames Lee, umlimi wasemuva wekhulu le-18 waseScotland. Emvelweni, izitshalo zitholakala eMalaysia, eNdiya nasePhilippine Islands.
Ngaphandle kokukhetha, bonke abameleli bohlobo lwe-Leia bahlala izihlahla zokuhlobisa ezihlotshiswe ngendlela emangalisayo ngokumangalisa umqhele wentambo. I-Lei ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha elilodwa nesigamu ukuphakama, kepha iningi lei elingaphakathi lilinganiselwe cishe kumitha ukuphakama. Amahlumela athambile, aqine, aqondile, aqine ngokuqinile kusuka esisekelweni, akha umqhele obanzi futhi ongenalwazi ngisho nangaphansi. Amagxolo ayacwebezela, akavamile ukuba ngokhahlo. Amaqabunga e-Leia ayicwecwana, anama-lobes akhombe lanceolate. Amazinyo amakhulu emaphethelweni enza ukuba okuhlaza kwesitshalo kuqoshwe ngaphezulu. Kushiya amahlumela angahlali, ngenxa yokuthi kuye kwakhiwa umuzwa waleya ntambo yokukhanya. Kodwa inzuzo esemqoka yamahlamvu alesi sihlahla esingaphakathi ekhaya iseyimibala. I-gloss gloss glossy igcizelelwa amathoni angajwayelekile omnqumo noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, kuma-lei amaningi aguqula abe amathoni ansomi, ethusi nawethusi. Noma yimuphi umbala wesitshalo uhlotshaniswa nezinsimbi eziyigugu. Abantu abaningi baqhathanisa amaqabunga e-leeya ne-holly, futhi kukhona ukufana okude, yize i-leeya, ekujwayelaneni okusondele kakhulu, iveze okuningi kwezimpawu zayo ngazinye.
I-Lean emnandi (i-Leea amabilis)Ukuqhakaza iLeia kubhekwa njengejwayelekile, kepha ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, izitshalo ezindala zingazijabulisa. Futhi yize lesi sitshalo sihlukaniswa njengokuhlobisa okusobala nokuqothula, ukuqhakaza kwe-leeya nezithelo eziboshwe ngemuva kokuba ziqhume kahle. Izihlangu ezincane, ezintekenteke futhi ezinhle kakhulu zezimbali ezincane ezibomvana zibonakala zicishe zizihlobiso kulesi sitshalo. Kepha umbukiso omkhulu uqala lapho izithelo ziqala ukuvuthwa ku-leey: amajikijolo amnyama abomvu esihlahleni sezithelo ze-corymbose afana nenguqulo yokuhlobisa yomlotha wentaba futhi abukeka emangalisa kakhulu.
Isitshalo esithandwa kakhulu sohlobo lwe-Lei U-Leeya ubomvu (Leaa rubra, sithanda ukumshayela ucingo I-Lei ibomvu ngokugqamile - Leya coccinea, yize leli gama lifana ne-leey ehluke ngokuphelele - iGuinean). Isihlahla esihlala sikhona esingenawo amagatsha amaningi asebenzayo, aqhakaza ngamaqabunga e-cirrus aqapheleka kalula, aqukethe ama-lobling angalingani okuyi-lanceolate ukusuka ku-5 kuye ku-10 cm.amazinyo amakhulu emaphethelweni ahlangana namagagasi akhanyayo, okuthuthukisa kuphela ukubonakaliswa kobuso obukhazimulayo. Ithiphu yama-lobes ayikhonjisiwe nje, kepha imise inaliti noma ibunjiwe. Ama-Hydatode atholakala kuma-cutways namaqabunga - i-stomata ekhethekile noma izindlala zamanzi ezingakhipha amaconsi omquba apinki noma amhlophe. Ama-inflorescence ohlobo lwe-leea obomvu yi-corymbose, nenhle, ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwamahlumela; uma uhlolisisa, umuntu angazazisa zombili izithunzi ezingavamile zombala wepinki kanye nobuhle bokhozi obuphuzi.
Ezinye izinhlobo ezintathu ze-leey azijwayelekile kangako, yize kufanele futhi zinakwe.
U-Leeya waseGuinea (I-leea guineensis) okuwukuphela kwezinhlobo hhayi ngamaqabunga e-cirrus. Ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi muhle kakhulu, lobu buhle bungaziqhenya ngamaqabunga ayinkimbinkimbi afinyelela ku-50 cm ubude, aqukethe ama-lobes amakhulu ama-lanceolate anendawo ehlukaniswe ngokucacile "umugqa" ongaphezulu kanye nemithambo ye-canal esezingeni elifanele. Amaqabunga amancanyana ale leuya ayithusi, kancane kancane aba luhlaza ngokwengeziwe futhi alungiswa ku-olive omnyama, kepha ahlala enhle kakhulu. Izitini ze-inflorescence zezitini zibukeka kakhulu futhi zikhanya njengengubo yomgexo ngemuva kwesizinda samaqabunga amakhulu.
Lea guinea (Leea guineensis). © Ladislav BodnarLeia imnandi (Leaa amabilis) - isitshalo esinamaqabunga amakhulu ahlukahlukene. Kubukeka sengathi ukhipha amashidi amakhulu ngamunye, kodwa empeleni bangamaqhezu amaqabunga amakhulu ayinkimbinkimbi. Amazinyo amancane emaphethelweni ahlangana ngokuphelele nephethini yama-lateral veins eshidini. Ubukhazikhazi abudalulwa njengakwezinye izinhlobo, kepha amaqabunga awo anokukhanya okujabulisayo okuthe xaxa. Umbala omnyama oluhlaza, ogqamile emaqabunga amancanyana, uhambisana nomugqa wezindawo ezimhlophe ethanjeni eliphakathi nendawo namachashazi amhlophe ohlangothini ngalunye lwethala, okwenza uhlobo lomngcele wamachashazi emaphethelweni amaqabunga. Isitshalo sibukeka motley kakhulu. I-purple back yamahlamvu amaqabunga inezela kuphela ebuhleni besitshalo.
Ososayensi emhlabeni wonke abakwazi ukunquma ngesimo sesitshalo esisodwa. Leeya Burgundy (I-leya sambucina Burgundi, noma umane Leea Burgundi) ubizwa ngenye yezinhlobo zezitshalo, bese kuba yifomu elihlukile, noma noma uhlobo oluhlukile, kepha isimo seLeea sambucina uqobo naso asichazeki. Ngaphandle, isitshalo cishe siphinda ngokuphelele izici ze-leey ezibomvu, ngombala ohlukile. Uma i-leeya ebomvu ingazigqaja ngemiphumela "yensimbi" eyi-grey-ke-burgundy leeya inikeza imiphumela emihle engaphezulu. IBurbund-leaved Burgundy iyisitshalo esihlala sikhona, ngombala omangalisayo wohlaza okotshani, igcina yonke imbobo yama-lace etholakala ku-red lea. Amahlumela esitshalo abomvu, acwebezelayo, ama-inflorescence nawo abomvu.
Leey unakekela ekhaya
Isitshalo esingafani naleso esingakaze sibe inkanyezi nokuthandwa yindawo yonke, kusobala, kulula ukuqonda: i-leeya kukude nokuba yi "simpleton" emvelweni. Kodwa ubuhle bakhe buhambisana ngokuphelele nothando lwakhe lomswakama ophezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-leeya ayidingi amazinga okushisa angajwayelekile noma ebusika. Izitshalo eziningi zangaphakathi nezithandekayo futhi ezidumayo ziveza izidingo eziningi zokunakekelwa. Futhi konke okudingwa nguLeee ukunakekelwa okuhlala njalo nokuqina kwemvelo.
Ukukhanyisela i-leey
Lobu buhle baseNdiya ngisho nasenkambisweni yamakamelo buhlala buyisitshalo esinamakhompiyutha. Imisebe eqondile yelanga isha amalangabi, ithinte umbala, kanti nesitshalo sikhululekile ekukhanyiseni. Kodwa ngisho nasekufiphiseni okukhanyayo, ukukhula kuyaphazamiseka futhi umbala wephalethi wezinguquko zemvelo. Kuliqiniso, i-photophilicity enjalo ibonakala kuphela ezinhlotsheni ezinemiphumela ebomvu, eblue, yensimbi. Uma uLeia enamaqabunga aluhlaza "akotayo" futhi engenawo lawo maqhubu ayigugu amakhulu, khona-ke lezo zimo zingafakwa emthunzini oyingxenye wobuningi obukhulu.
Ebusika, ukuncishiswa kokukhanyisa kwemvelo kumele kunxephezelwe ngokufudukela ezindaweni ezikhanyayo noma isibani sokufakelwa.
I-Leia ingatshalwa kokubili emakamelweni okuhlala nasendlini yokugezela, lapho ubuhle bayo bomoya obuphikisana nesizinda sokuhlobisa odongeni buhlala bubukeka bumangalisa ubucwebe. Kuliqiniso, ukuyibeka egumbini lokugezela kungenzeka kuphela uma kunewindi elikhulu ngokwanele.
Lea bomvu ogqamile (Leea guineensis)Ukushisa okunethezekayo
Ngokungafani nama-exotic amaningi, i-Leia ayidingi ubusika obupholile, ukulawula okuqinile kobubanzi bokushisa, ayihlushwa ukushisa, inqobo nje uma umswakama womoya uhlala njalo. Konke okudingayo ukunakekela kukhawula amazinga okushisa aphansi aze afike “kumkhawulo” wama-degree ayi-16. Ngezansi kwalesi sikhombisi, izinga lokushisa akufanele liwe ngisho nasebusika. Kuwo wonke unyaka, uLeia uzizwa emuhle ezimweni ezijwayelekile zekamelweni. Izinga lokushisa le-Optimum - lisuka kuma-20 liye kwangama-25 degrees.
U-Leia uthanda indawo ezinzile. Lesi sitshalo kumele sivikeleke kokusalungiswa, akudingekile ukusikhipha sikusebenzise umoya ovulekile, siveze kunoma yiziphi izinguquko ezibukhali kuhulumeni wokushisa.
Ukunisela nomswakama
NjengamaTropican amaningi, uLeeya ukhetha umswakama womhlabathi ozinzile. Uma ubumbana kakhulu umbuso wokunisela futhi njalo izinkomba zomswakama womhlaba, kungcono. Ukugcotshwa kwamanzi nesomiso kuyingozi efanayo. Ukuchelela lesi sitshalo kwenziwa kaningi, kepha hhayi ngokuchichima, ngemuva kokumiswa kwengqimba yenhlabathi ephezulu, ekuvumela ukuthi ugcine umswakama ohlala njalo. Ebusika, ikakhulukazi uma amazinga okushisa engehla ngaphansi kwama-degree Celsius, u-leeya anciphisa ukunisela futhi afeze lezi zinqubo ezinsukwini eziyi-1-2 ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi engaphezulu yomile.
Ekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile nokulondolozwa kokuhlobisa amahlamvu, uLeeer uzodinga umswakama ophezulu. Kepha ukucabanga ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuthi udlulise i-Leia iye kwi-Conservatory noma iwindi lezimbali kuyiphutha elikhulu. Lesi sitshalo sizwa sinhle emakamelweni okuhlala ajwayelekile, vele unakekele udinga ukwethula izindlela ezengeziwe zokufudumeza umoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, awudingi ukucinga izindlela ezihlanganisiwe, kwanele ukubeka isitshalo esikhwameni ngodaka olunwebekile olumanzi, amatshe amatshe, amatshe amatshe (ukuze amanzi angathinti ezansi kwembiza), noma umane uzipele njalo.
U-Leia uzizwa emnandi lapho esebenza ngezinhlelo zokunisela ezizenzakalelayo nama-hydroponics.
I-Indian Lea (i-Leea indica).
Ukondla ngo-Leia
Umanyolo walesi sitshalo ukhethwa phakathi kweziyinkimbinkimbi, eziqukethe zombili izakhi zamaminerali nezokuphakanyiswa kwamalungiselelo enzelwa izitshalo zokuhlobisa neziyinqaba. Kumanyolo wonkana akukho okukhona kokulandela umkhondo wezinto ezilandelwayo.
Imvamisa yokugqoka okuphezulu ijwayelekile. Benza isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku eziyi-14 ukuya kwezi-20.
Ukondla lesi sitshalo esihlala sikhula ngenkathi ebandayo akudingekile. Kwanele ukufaka umanyolo esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, kusukela esikhathini sokuqala kokukhula okusebenzayo kuye kokuma kwawo.
Transplant kanye substrate
Izitshalo zitshalwa minyaka yonke zisencane kakhulu, lapho uLeeya ekhuthele ngokwakha umqhele kanye ne-rhizome. Amabhishi abantu abadala aphathwa ngesigamu kaningi (uma kungekho zimpawu zokukhula ngokuphelele kwe-substrate, khona-ke ungaqhuba inqubo kanye emva kweminyaka eyi-3). Uma kungekho ukufakelwa, kungcono ukuguqula ingaphezulu libe lisha, kepha ngaphandle kokuthinta izimpande zesitshalo. Lesi sitshalo siyakubekezelela ukwedluliswa okuphuthumayo kahle ezitsheni ezinkulu: ngokushesha nje lapho ubona izimpawu zokuthi ukwehla noma ukukhasa kuphume emigodini yokudonsa, kungakhathalekile ukuthi kuyini inkathi, zizwe ukhululekile ukubuhambisa lobu buhle. Ukufakwa okuhleliwe kwenziwa entwasahlobo.
Isendlalelo se-Leia kufanele sibe sezingeni elijwayelekile - okuxegayo, okutholakalayo, okukhanya. Lesi sitshalo sizwa sincomekayo ngokuxubana okulungiselelwe ukusetshenziswa komhlaba wonke. Uma uxuba inhlabathi ngokwakho, hlanganisa nesihlabathi kanye nenhlabathi eshidwayo ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo bese wengeza kabili umhlabathi we-turf.
Ukuze lokhu, izitshalo musa ukufakelwa, kodwa transhipment, kugwema ukuxhumana nezimpande. Phansi kwetangi kwakubeka ungqimba ophakathi nendawo wokudonsa.
I-Lean emnandi (i-Leea amabilis)Izifo nezinambuzane
U-Leia akakwazi ukuziqhayisa ngokuqina okunamandla. AmaMealy mealybugs nama-aphid amthanda kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa ngokungafanele kwezitshalo ezinesifo eqoqweni leuya, uzokuhlupheka impela. Kwenzeka nge-waterlogging kanye ne-grey bola. Kungcono ukubhekana nezinkinga ngokushesha ngokwelashwa ngama-insecticides kanye nama-fungicides.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo:
- ukuntuleka kokuqhakaza, ukukhula kancane, amahlamvu aluhlaza kanye nokuphuhla okuhamba kancane kwamaqabunga aphansi ngokugoba okuqinile noma okugqokile okuphezulu;
- ukuwa kwefihlekile kumakhaza noma ngesikhathi sokuchichima;
- ukubuna nokufa kwamaqabunga emakhazeni, ngokunisela okungafanele;
- i-curl kanye nokuphuzi kwamaqabunga lapho kuthambisa ngamanzi abandayo noma isomiso;
- kuphuzi kwamaqabunga emoyeni owomile.
Izindlela zokuzala ze-Leia
Ama-cuttings (amahlumela anezinhlaka ezisikiwe anqunywa ehlobo abe yizicucu ezinamaqabunga elilodwa kanye ne-internode eyodwa, zonke izigaba ziyinqabile, engela kwama-degree angama-45). Ngemuva kokwelashwa, ukusika kuyatshalwa emva kokwelashwa ngezivuseleli zokukhula endaweni engaphansi evamile ye-lei, bese umboza nge cap phezulu. I-Rooting yenziwa emazingeni okushisa ukusuka ku-20 kuye kwangama-25 degrees ngokufafaza njalo nomoya.
Isendlalelo somoya (i-incision yenziwa kuma-internode, athungwe nge-moss noma substrate ngokuya ngobuchwepheshe obujwayelekile).
Imbewu. Kunzima kakhulu ukuzithola, kepha uma ukwazile ukuqoqa ngokwakho noma ukuzithenga, khona-ke imbewu ihlwanyelwa endaweni esemanzi, efafazwe kancane ngenhla yesihlabathi noma ingafafazwe nhlobo. Izitshalo zifafazwa njalo, zigcinwe ngaphansi kwehod noma ifilimu enomoya ovamile, endaweni ekhanyayo. Imbewu yeLei imila kumazinga okushisa angama-22 degrees Celsius. Izitshalo azideli, zivunyelwe ukukhipha iqabunga leqiniso lesibili noma lesithathu, bese zitshalwa ngo-2-3 ezitsheni ezincane ngazinye futhi zikhule njengama-leeys amadala.
