I-Indoor Cardamom ibizwa ngokuthi ayikho into edlula esincintisana esiyinhloko se-bamboos yangaphakathi. Lesi sitshalo esingeyona esejwayelekile sifaniswa nobuhle obukhethekile bokuhlaza okuhlaza okotshani kanye nomlingiswa ongenakufinyeleleka ngokuphelele. Okwesimanje, onesibindi, okhanyayo, ufanele ukuthandwa ngokwengeziwe kanye nesimo esihlukile ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunzima ukukhulisa i-Cardamom, futhi yi-laurel kuphela engaba iphunga elimnandi ngokwengeziwe. Ukuba yimpahla yama-exotic angajwayelekile kuyamangaza kakhulu ngoba lesi sitshalo asibizi kakhulu, sikhula ngokushesha futhi asizethembisi ekugcineni.
I-Cardamom yangempela, noma i-eletaria Cardamomum (Elettaria Cardamomum).
I-Cardamom yangempela nephunga layo elidumile
Lesi sitshalo, bonke abathandi bezitshalo zasendlini ezingavamile nezezitshalo ezibunjiwe bazi njenge-Cardamom yangempela, empeleni, ingeyohlobo lwe-Elettaria (Elettaria) Izimangaliso zemvelo ezimangalisayo ze-herbaceous kusuka kunombolo ye-Ginger (I-Zingibiraceae) zimelelwa emvelweni izitshalo eziningana. Kepha njengendlela yokuhlobisa kubhekwa njengoyedwa - okufanayo i-Cardamom yangempela, noma elettaria Cardamomum (Elettaria Cardamomum).
Isitshalo esihlala sikhona phakathi kwezitshalo zokuphulukisa nezinongo siye saziwa ngobuhle besiqu namaqabunga. I-rhizome ye-eletaria kardamomum inenyama. Ukuphakama kwe-Cardamom yangaphakathi kukhawulelwe kuma-40-60 cm, kepha akubonakali njengesitshalo esincane. I-Bushy, enamandla, ithuthukisa ngesimo se-sod yamahlumela amaningi aqonde phezulu, ikhumbuza ngempela ngoqalo lwangempela nge-bamboo yalo. Zibukeka njengeziqu, amahlumela wamanga enwebela phezulu futhi embozwe ngamaqabunga, kuyilapho amahlumela angempela engacishe abonakale: engenamaqabunga futhi enwabuzelayo, afihliwe emehlweni prying futhi abonakala kuphela eduzane. Kepha isiqu sesibili se-cardamom, hhayi amahlumela wamanga, akhiqiza izimbali.
Nge amahlumela, amaqabunga amahle ngokuvumelana - akhombe, amakhulu, amancanyana. Ziqale zidonswe kushubhu bese zenzeka ngokuthakazelisa, zembula ubude obugcwele. Amacembe e-Cardamom ahlala kuma-cutways amade amnandi ngendlela ehlukile, ayakwazi ukufinyelela ku-60 cm ubude ngobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-8. Umbala oluhlaza ogcwele umnyama uyakhanga kakhulu. Kodwa into esemqoka emaqabungeni akuyona ubuhle babo nhlobo. Lesi isitshalo esiyingqayizivele sendlu, lapho amaqabunga engemnandi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi elapha. Zingasetshenziswa njengenye indlela yetiye futhi zenziwe kabusha eziphuzweni noma kumakhambi. Imigilingwane ecashile futhi exakayo ngokumangalisayo yesinamoni ne-Cardamom inuka iphunga futhi inamandla. Ungahlola wonke umthamo we-tart-spicy charm we-Cardamom kuphela lapho uthinta amaqabunga phakathi kweminwe.
Kodwa-ke, i-Cardamom yaduma ngephunga layo hhayi lamahlamvu, kodwa ngezithelo. Izimbali eziqhakazayo - umbono ongavamile ngokweqile. Izimbali ze-eletaria kardamomum zivela ekuhlafuneni kwangempela okukhonkotha futhi ziqoqwe ngebhulashi. Bebeyoxakaniseka ukuthi ngabe bekungengenxa yesilo esisodwa esimhlophe esimhlophe esineqhwa esinemithambo ekhanyayo onsomi, ngakho-ke kuqhathaniswa ngokumangalisa okuluhlaza okotshani namanye amathole amancane. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza endaweni ye-ovary ye-Cardamom, amabhokisi ezithelo ezokuqala anezidleke ezintathu akhula afinyelela ku-2 cm, afihla lezo zinhlamvu ezimnyama kakhulu, ezinamabhele, eziye zaba ngezinye zezinongo ezidumile emhlabeni. Ukuqhakaza kweCardamom ngeke kubizwe ngokubabazekayo, kodwa ngenxa yokuhleleka okungafani nezimbali - ngaphansi kwezingxenye ezinkulu zomhlaba ezingaphansi kwesibuko esivela ezitshalweni zamanga - nezithelo ezingajwayelekile, zingaphezu kwangempela.
I-Cardamom yangempela, noma i-eletaria Cardamomum (Elettaria Cardamomum).
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Cardamom ekhaya
I-Indoor Cardamom ithathwa njengesitshalo esingenakuzithoba. Ukupholisa ubusika obupholile akuphoqelekile kuye, kodwa kufiseleka kuphela. I-Cardamom ngeke idale inkinga ngisho nakubalimi abangenalwazi, futhi kulabo abanesheduli yokusebenza engazinzile noma bathande ukuhamba, iyoba i-godend. Ibekezelela kalula isomiso esifushane kanye nezikhala zokunisela. Kepha lapho beyinakekela kangcono, iba-Cardamom enhle ngokwengeziwe. Futhi uma ugcina umswakama womhlabathi ofanayo, amahlamvu amangalisayo we-eletaria Cardamomum azokwambula ngobukhazikhazi obugcwele.
Ukukhanyisa kukagesi
Lesi ngesinye sezinkambu zokukhanya ezingenakuqhathaniswa, ezikwazi ukuvumelanisa futhi zilondoloze ukuhlobisa ezimeni ezihlukile kakhulu. Ngokuyinhloko, i-Cardamom ingatshalwa kunoma yikuphi ukukhanya kusuka ezindaweni ezinelanga elikhanyayo kuya kumithunzi ejulile. Kepha kukhona okukodwa "kodwa" ekuthembekeni okunjalo: konke kuya ngezimo lapho isitshalo sesijwayele "ebuntwaneni". Uma i-eletaria yakho ibikhule njengesihlahla sasendlini esivamile, futhi isetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa ukukhanya, lapho-ke udinga ukuqhubeka uyikhulisa ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo ngisho nasebusika. Uma i-Cardamom ikhule njengesihlahla esithanda umthunzi futhi isencane yaguqulwa ekukhanyiseni okumbalwa, izokujabulisa ukubekezelela umthunzi ngokuzayo. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga isitshalo, kuyadingeka ukucacisa ukuthi hlobo luni lwekhadmom yokukhanyisa esetshenziselwa. Izinhlobo eziningi zesimanje ezitholakala ezitolo zezimbali ziyizithombe eziningi, ezijwayele ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokuvikelwa ukukhanya kwelanga.
Ukushisa okunethezekayo
Uhlobo oluhle lwe-cardamom yamanje lubeka isikhathi esifudumele sezitshalo ezisebenzayo kanye nesigaba esipholile sebusuku. Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwekwindla, lesi sitshalo sizokwaneliseka ngamazinga okushisa amakamelo ajwayelekile, i-Cardamom izoba ntofontofo kunoma iyiphi igumbi lokuhlala. Ibanga lokushisa elilungile lisuka ku-20 liye ku-25 degrees. Kepha ubusika be-eletaria kardamomum buthinta ngqo izimbali nezithelo. Uma unikeza amazinga okushisa apholile, ungaqoqa isivuno sakho sembewu enamakha. Uma isitshalo sihlala sifudumele, ukuheha kwayo ngeke kuthinteke, kepha kuyolahlekelwa amandla ayo okuqhakaza kakhulu. Ngokubakhona kwe-Cardamom ebusika, izimo ezisukela ku-12 kuya ku-15 degrees ukushisa kufaneleka kakhulu.
Ukunisela nomswakama
I-Elettaria ingabekezelela kahle isomiso sesikhashana esifushane. Lesi sitshalo siba sibi kakhulu hhayi ekuqineni komoya wobumba, kepha ekulimaleni kwalo ngokweqile. Ukudonswa kwamanzi akumele kuvunyelwe kunoma yikuphi. Ukufana kokufana komswakama, ukuthandwa kwesi sitshalo kuzobukeka ngokwengeziwe. Ukunisela njalo kwe-Cardamom ngemuva kokomiswa kwengqimba ephezulu yesigcawu ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo kanye nehlobo kukuvumela ukuthi uzinze izimo ezikhulayo. Ngokuqala kokulondolozwa kwemini nokupholisa, ukunisela kuncishisiwe, i-substrate ivunyelwe ukuba yome kancane engxenyeni ephakathi. Kepha kungcono ukungavumeli ukoma ngokweqile kwenhlabathi noma ngabe ubusika bupholile.
Cishe cishe zonke izitshalo zomdalo wase tropical, i-Cardamom ithanda umswakama ophezulu. Izinyathelo zokwandisa umswakama azikwazi ukubizwa zibalulekile, asikho isidingo sokubeka isitshalo emibukisweni yezimbali noma ngamadivayisi akhethekile wokuthoba. Kepha i-eletaria iphendula ngokubonga isifutho, izinqubo zithinta kahle ukukhanga kwamahlamvu akhe. Uma unethuba lokufafaza nsuku zonke, i-cardamom kuzohlomula kuphela.
Njengengxenye yezinqubo zokunakekelwa kwe-eletaria, kubalulekile ukuhlanza amaqabunga othulini. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngesipanji esimanzi, usula kahle imifino kanye namahlumela. Ungashintsha futhi ukhinyabeza, ikakhulukazi uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lidlula ama-25 degrees Celsius.
Nikeza imbali ye-CardamomIsilimo se-Eletaria
Amaqabunga e-Cardamom namahlumela ahlushwa ukoma ukuphuma, ukulimala noma ukulahlekelwa ukukhanga kusukela ekuguguleni kungcono kususwe njalo, ukusika phansi.
I-Cardamom Nutrition
Le Cardamom ithande ukugqoka okujwayelekile okujwayelekile. Umanyolo walesi sitshalo usetshenziswa imvamisa yesikhathi esingu-1 emasontweni ama-2 kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla. Kwi-eletaria, kuyathandeka ukusebenzisa noma umanyolo wonkana noma izithako ezikhethekile zezilimo zemifino ezibunjiwe ezizothuthukisa ukuthengisa kwe-Cardamom.
Transplant, iziqukathi kanye substrate
Okuhlobene ne-eletaria enezimbotshana akubheki ukubukeka kuphela, kepha futhi kushesha kakhulu, ukukhula okunolaka. Ngokunakekelwa okujwayelekile, lesi sitshalo sithuthukisa ngokuphelele umthamo ngaphezu konyaka, ngakho-ke kungakhathalekile iminyaka yobudala, i-Cardamom yangaphakathi iyatshalwa ngonyaka.
Ukuze i-eletaria isebenzise amathangi abanzi, lapho ukujula kungaphansi khona ubukhulu. Ubanzi futhi wehlise isitsha, okungcono. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlinzeka isitshalo ngokuvuleka okukhulu kokugeleza kwamanzi.
Isendlalelo se-Cardamom sikhethwe phakathi kokuxubha okulula, kwendawo yonke nomhlaba ngamanzi amahle nomoya. Ungasebenzisa i-substrate ethengiwe (yonke noma eyokuhlobisa izitshalo ezinqobayo) noma ngokuzimele uqambe umhlabathi kusuka kumhlabathi we-humus kanye nesodada ngesihlabathi (isilinganiso 2 kuya ku-2 no-1, ngokulandelana).
Inqubo uqobo lwayo ijwayelekile. I-Eletaria ayesabi ukuxhumana nezimpande, kepha uma kungenzeka, inqubo yokufakelwa iqhutshwa kangcono ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka. Phansi ubeke ungqimba oluphezulu lwamanzi. Inhlabathi ihlanganiswe kancane ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngemuva kokufakelwa, lesi sitshalo sinombala izinsuku eziningana, uma kunokwenzeka, sandisa umswakama womoya.
Izifo ze-Cardamom nezinambuzane
I-Elettaria Cardamomum ithathwa njengesitshalo sasendlini esimeme. Kungaba nokutheleleka ngezifo ezithize ezibangelwa amagciwane (lapho isithombo sesithengiwe sesivele sinegciwane, ama-fungicides e-systemic adinga ukulungiswa) nasezinambuzaneni. Kwizinambuzane, ezingaphansi komoya owomile, ukunakekelwa okungakhathalekile nokuba seduze kwezitshalo ezinegciwane, i-Cardamom isongelwa yisilungu semikhaza nesibazi. Ungalwa ngokugeza ngemishini, nokulungisa izimo, kanye nokwelashwa ngama-insecticides.
I-Cardamom yangempela, noma i-eletaria Cardamomum (Elettaria Cardamomum).
Ukusakazeka kwe-Cardamom yangaphakathi
I-Elettaria ingatholakala kusuka ezinhlotsheni nasezindlela zezitshalo.
Indlela elula ukusabalalisa i-cardamom ngokuhlukanisa izitshalo ezindala. Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwaminyaka yonke, ungahlukanisa i-turf ibe yizingxenye okungenani nezimpande ezimbili namahlumela. Izilayi kumele zicutshungulwe, kepha lokhu ukuphela kobunzima. Izitshalo zimane zitshalwe njengezitshalo ezizimele zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa obujwayelekile.
Ungathola amakhophi amasha we-cardamom nakokusika. Iziqongo zamahlumela zinezimpande kalula ku-greenhouse emazingeni okushisa angama-20 kuye kwangama-25, ikakhulukazi uma izigaba ziphathwa nge-stimulator yokukhulisa noma impande. Isendlalelo esetshenzisiwe sisejwayelekile.
Ukuthola i-cardamom kusuka ezinhlotsheni kunzima ngokwengeziwe. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngqo kububanzi obulingana nobubanzi bawo obuphindwe kabili, iniselwa kuphela ngemuva kokuhlwanyelwa, futhi bese idala indawo enomswakama omncane. Khulisa imbewu ekushiseni, emazingeni okushisa angama-25 kuye kwangama-28, ngokukhanya okukhanya kakhulu, ngaphansi kwengilazi noma ifilimu. Amahlumela athambile, kepha asheshe abe lukhuni futhi akhule ngentshiseko. ICardamom iyadonswa ngemuva kokuvela kwesiqabunga sesibili emabhodweni amancane ngamunye. Ezitshalweni ezincane, ukufakelwa kwenziwa njengoba kudingeka.
