Kunezindlela eziningi zokusakaza i-cacti. Zingasakazwa ngembewu, iziqu zokusika nokuxhunyelelwa.
Imbewu yamakhokho amaningi e-cacti aqhuma ngosuku lwe-5-7, kepha ezinye zazo ziqhuma kuphela emva kwenyanga. Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu ngo-Ephreli nasekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Ipuleti lesitshalo kufanele lifudunyezwe, libekelwe lona kufakwa epanini lokufudumeza, lapho amanzi afudumele aguqulwa kaningi ngosuku, kugcinwe izinga lokushisa lama-25-30 °. Ukuze ukhule kangcono kuzo kusuka ezinhlanyelweni kanye nokusikwa, ungasebenzisa izithombo zokugcina izithombo ezingaphakathi ezindlini kanye nama-greenhouse Ugqoko wembewu kufanele ube nezimbobo ezinkulu zokudonsa amanzi ezimboza ama-shards. Kugcwaliswa imfucuza yamatshe echithekile, owomshini, wamalahle kanye nesihlabathi somfula, lapho kuthululelwa khona umhlaba ocwengekile, ukuze isentimitha elilodwa lihlale emaphethelweni esitsha. Ucindezelwe ipulangwe. Imbewu ezincane azifafazwa nomhlaba.
I-Cactus (Cactus)Isitsha sokuhlwanyelwa imbewu sibekwa emanzini afudumele, angaba ngu-2-3 ° ukuphakama kunalokho okushisa komoya, khona-ke amanzi angena ngezimbobo zokudonsa futhi amunyise inhlabathi nembewu. Izitshalo zimbozwe ngengilazi bese zibekwa endaweni efudumele. Lapho kuvela izithombo, amapuleti adluliselwa endaweni ekhanyayo. Ukusuka kwimisebe yelanga eqondile bahlanganiswa ngombala ngephepha lezicubu noma ngengilazi eyenziwe yaba msulwa. Ekuhlumeni kwembewu kwe-cacti eningi, kudingeka izinga lokushisa le-18-20 °. Ngemuva kokuvela, ukuthambisa kuyancipha bese kuphakanyiswa ingilazi. Izithombo zikhethwa ngemuva kokuba kuvela izinhlaka zokuqala kuzo ngosizo lwemfoloko nokhuni. Izimpande azikhonkothi, azithuli umhlabathi usuka kubo.
Izithombo zeCactus zincane kakhulu yingakho zidinga ukudilizwa amahlandla ama-2-3 ngesikhathi sehlobo. Amaphikisi umthunzi, ubambe usuku olulodwa ngaphandle kokunisela nezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu ngaphandle komoya.
I-Cactus (Cactus)Umhlabathi phakathi kwabo uthukululwa ngenduku ebukhali, isikhunta sobumba siyasuswa bese sifafazwa ngamalahle afudumele afafazwe. Uma inhlabathi ivundiswa, izitshalo zidluliselwa enhlabathini enempilo.
Izilimo ze-cacti zisikwa entwasahlobo nasengxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo. Amahlumela apical and lateral, papillae ngamanye asebenza njengezihlahla zokusika, namaqabunga e-cactus enamaqabunga. Ukusika kwenziwa emabhokisini noma ezimbizeni. Ingqimba yokudonsa ithululelwa ezansi kwebhokisi noma ebhodweni, khona-ke ungqimba lomhlabathi ongaqineki onesihlabathi 2 cm futhi ngaphezulu unesihlabathi somfula esingamamitha ayi-3. Izimbiza namabhokisi anezisiki embozwe ngembozo yengilazi. Ukusika kusikwa ngommese obukhali. Isilayidi esitshalweni sikamama somile elangeni, simunyiswe ngotshwala bese sifafazwa ngamalahle efulawa. Ezitshalweni ezikhipha umhluzi osabisayo, kufakwa iphepha lokuhlunga kumsiki, odonsa ubisi.
U-fig. 1. Ukusikwa kwe-cacti (ngokusho kukaM. S. Tkachuk). a - isiqu se-beetroot cactus; b - isiqu sekhakhasi esakhiwe ngamaqabunga; c - prickly eliphakathi kwesiqu.Izimbumbulu kufanele zomiswe izinsuku ezingama-7-10 egumbini elomile. Lezi zingxenye zimbozwe ngefilimu engilazi.Izihlahla ezisikiwe zinesihlabathi kuze kube ngu-0,5 - 1 cm.Ukuqina, ziboshwe ngezikhonkwane (Fig. 1). Isihlabathi kuphela oswakanyiswe, futhi ngemuva kokukhula phansi izingcembe bayaniselwa. Kungenzeka ulungiselele ukusikwa kusuka ekwindla bese ukuwagcina esihlabathini esomile kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Entwasahlobo, zikhula kahle.
I-Cacti ingasakazwa "ngabantwana" abavela esiqwini sikamama. Zingagxila ebhodweni olufanayo noma zitshale "izingane" eziningana emabhodweni ahlukile.
I-inoculation ye-cacti yenziwa: 1 - ukusheshisa ukukhula kanye nokuqhakaza kwezimbali eziningi; I-2 - ukukhula okungcono kwalabo abanesistimu yezimpande ebuthakathaka; Ama-3-ukuthola ama-hybrids we-interspecific kanye ne-intergeneric yezitshalo ezinamafomu okuhlobisa okungajwayelekile. Lapho ukubola kwezimpande nengxenye engezansi yesiqu, ingaphezulu le-cactus lifakwa esitokisini esinempilo; izithombo zonyaka zitshalwa ezitshalweni ezindala ukusheshisa ukukhula kwazo nezimbali. Ukugoma kwenziwa ngenkathi efudumele.
U-fig. 2 Ukugonywa kwe-cacti: a - ukulungiswa kwesitoko ne-scion; b - Ukubopha kwe-cacti ehlanganisiwe.Ama-cacti afakelwe kukhula olunamaqabunga (i-Peirescia), i-cacti (i-cereus) ebabazekayo, ithini lamapheya kanye ne-hedgehog cacti (echinocactus). Ukuxhunyelelwa nesitoko kufanele kube kububanzi obufanayo futhi kube namanzi ngokulinganayo. Okokuqala, isitoko sisikwa ngokushesha ngommese obukhali; ezitshalweni ezinobubanzi obukhulu obuzungeze isiqu zisikwe ngokuqondile. Bese usika enye ungqimba lwesitoko, esisele esitokisini ukuvikela ukusikiwa kusuka ekomeni kuze kulungiswe i-scion. I-scion elungiselelwe ngokuphelele, enomphetho osikiwe, isetshenziswa engxenyeni yesitoko (isusa ifilimu elincanyana lesigaba sesibili ngaphambi kwaso) ukuze izikhungo zazo zihlangane. Esiqongweni se-scion, faka uboya bekotini bese ubopha isisefo esiqwini sendabuko esiwela ngaphansi kwembiza ngebhendi ye-elastic (Fig. 2).
Ukunikezwa kwe-arthropod cactus kuPeiresciaKudala kakhulu, bagonywe nge-arthropod cactus (epiphyllum) ePeirescia (Fig. 3). Ukugqoka kwenziwa ngemicu yoboya. Ukuphumelela ekugomeni kudinga umsebenzi osheshayo, izandla ezihlanzekile, ummese. Izingcezu kufanele zibe bushelelezi.
Ukushisa kwegumbi kufanele kube ngu-20-25 °. Kungcono ukubeka imigomo ngaphansi kwamabhange endaweni ekhanyisiwe. Ukufafaza ngamanzi ekuqaleni akuvunyelwe. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-8, ukugqoka kungasuswa ngokucophelela.
Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe:
- Izimbali - D.F. Yukhimchuk.
