IPelargonium luhlobo lwezitshalo ezivela emndenini we-geranium, omelwe izinhlobo eziningi kakhulu ezifanele ukukhula endaweni efulethini, engadini, engadini yedwala.
Igama elijwayelekile lezitshalo inguqulo yesiLatini yegama lesiGreek elithi "crane", enikezwe ukufana kwebhokisi lembewu ende elinomlomo we-crane. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwembewu, isisekelo sebhokisi lembewu, sifinyelela ngasekupheleni, siyomile futhi sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezinhlanu (ngasinye sazo sithwala imbewu eyodwa), siqhume futhi sisakaze imbewu kude nxazonke.
I-Pelargonium, ibanga 'Berkswell Calypso'. © Tina FabroI-Pelargonium (I-Pelargōnium) - uhlobo lwezitshalo zomndeni wakwaGeranium, noma iCrane (I-Geraniaceae).
Izwe LasePelargonium South Africa. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-280 zezinhlobo zezitshalo zasendulo ezinama-herbaceous, izihlahlana nezihlahla.
IPelargonium ingesinye sezitshalo ezivame kakhulu. IPelargonium noma i-geranium ayitholakali kuphela ekuqoqweni komhlwanyeli ongumpetha we-amateur, kodwa futhi nasocangweni lwewindows kwanoma yimuphi ugogo, okungaqondakali ukuthi yini okufanele uyitshale nokuthi ungayinisela kanjani amanzi, noma kunjalo, uhlala ejabulela izimbali ezinamakha zonyaka.
IPelargonium yavela eYurophu ngasekupheleni kwe-XVII - ukuqala kwekhulu le-XVIII. Ekhulwini lokugcina, kwenziwa umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokuzala ama-nzalo nezinhlobonhlobo. Izitshalo ezahlukahlukene zatholakala, amafomu amancanyana, izinhlobo ezinemibala emhlophe nemibala emibili, kanye nezimbali eziphindwe kabili, zazikhuliswa.
I-Pelargonium © floradaniaFuthi akumangazi ukuthi ama-pelargoniums athandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Kulula ukuyinakekela, kulula ukuyisakaza, iqhakaza isikhathi eside kuma-inflorescence amakhulu futhi anemibala. Abathandi balezi zitshalo bavame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-geranium aqhakaza izimbali. Iqembu elincane lama-pelargoniums amakha akhula ngisho hhayi ngenxa yezimbali, kodwa ngenxa yamaqabunga anamakha.
Ukusebenza
IPelargonium isetshenziswa njengesiko lokuhlobisa eligeleza izimbali, kanye nesitshalo se-ampel, ngamakholoni nomhlaba ovulekile.
Bheka i-athikili: I-pelargonium yasebusika ngaphandle komhlabathi
Indawo yokuhlala
Ekukhuleni okujwayelekile kwe-pelargonium, ukufudumala nokukhanya okuhle kuyadingeka. Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo - ekuqaleni kwehlobo, lesi sitshalo kufanele sikhululwe singene emoyeni omusha, sisuse ukukhanya kwelanga.
Isibani
Uma kungekho kukhanya okwanele, khona-ke i-pelargonium, njengomthetho, inciphisa ukuqhakaza kwayo, amaqabunga nezimbali zayo ziphelelwa ukukhanya. Uma isitshalo singaphakathi kwendlu ngemuva kwengilazi, khona-ke ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kuyingozi, kungadala ukushiswa, kodwa emgwaqweni ngaphansi kwelanga elivulekile, i-pelargonium idlulisela kalula kubo. Ebusika, isitshalo sidinga ukukhanyiselwa emuva ngamalambu we-fluorescent noma ama-phytolamp.
Ukushisa
Ukushisa kwe-Optimum: Ehlobo - Igumbi lokushisa. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa lika- + 8 ... +10 ° C kuyinto efiselekayo.
I-Pelargonium. © floradaniaUkunisela
I-Pelargonium idinga ukuthambisa okuvamisile futhi okuningi entwasahlobo nasehlobo kanye nokunisela okulinganiselwe ebusika, ngoba ngenxa yemifino emibi, uhlelo lwezimpande kulula ukugcwalisa. Ama-Pelargoniums awadingi ukufafazwa nokugeza amaqabunga. Kungokwesigaba salezo zitshalo ezingcono ukoma kune-waterlog. Onke ama-pelargoniums anekhono lokuqongelela amanzi, ngakho-ke kubhekwa njengokunqanda omile. Uma unisela, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanzi ngokweqile ukuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi. Uma i-pelargonium ithola amanzi amaningi kunokuba idinga, khona-ke amaqabunga awo nezimbali zishintsha ukubukeka kwazo. Ngokuphuza ngokweqile, noma ngabe amahlamvu amahle, kungenzeka kungaqhakaze.
Inhlabathi
Ukuze ukhule i-pelargonium, inhlabathi kumele ibe nokudla okunempilo. Ingxube yezingxenye ezilinganayo zenhlabathi engadini, i-peat nesihlabathi ilungele lokhu. Umhlabathi ofanayo ulungele ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-geranium. Lapho ikhule ezingadini, ama-geraniums akhetha inhlabathi ekhanyiswe kahle. Ekwindla, kugaywa izakhi zamagciwane bese zilayishwa kabusha ebhodweni. Lapho kukhula i-pelargonium emabhodweni, kudonsa kahle amanzi ukuze kugwenywe ukuqina kwamanzi ezimpandeni. Izikhathi ezithile, inhlabathi esembizeni idinga ukukhululwa, lokhu kunikeza ukufinyelela kwezimpande futhi kuvikele ukubola kwezimpande.
Usayizi webhodwe
IPelargonium ingatshalwa emabhodweni noma kumakhreyiti. Ubukhulu bezimbiza bukhethwa ngokuya ngosayizi wohlelo lwezimpande. Imbiza akufanele ibe yikhulu kakhulu - kulokhu, akunakwenzeka ukulawula ukukhula kwesitshalo futhi yakhe ukuphakama okufisayo. Kumabhodwe amancane, ama-pelargonium blooms kangcono, izimbali zizoba zinhle ngokwengeziwe futhi zinempilo, futhi ezimbizeni ezibanzi isihlahla sikhula kahle, kepha siqhakaza sibi. Kumakhishi amancane, kukhethwa imbiza encane, ngoba izimpande zama-geraniums zincane. Izimbiza zezimbali ziguqulwa zibe ezinkulu kuphela lapho isitshalo sesivele sigcwele kuso ezindala. Uma imbiza inkulu, ungatshala kuyo ezimbili noma ezintathu kuyo. Izimbiza ze-Pelargonium zingenziwa ngopulasitiki noma ngodaka olushisiwe, kodwa ezimbizeni zepulasitiki inhlabathi inyuka kancane, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi ibhekane nezimpande, kanti izimbiza zobumba zivumela umswakama nomoya kudlule kahle. Ububanzi obukhulu bebhodwe kwisitshalo esisodwa buyi-12cm cm no-22-25 cm wezitshalo ezintathu noma ngaphezulu ebhodweni linye. Ukuphakama kwembiza kungamasentimitha ayi-10-15. Uma imbiza incanyana, isifanelana kakhulu nesitshalo (lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kuma-geraniums akhulwe ezinhlanyelweni).
I-Pelargonium
Phina
Ukuqiniswa kwe-branching, ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla nomqhele we-pelargonium kutholakala ngokufaka izikhonkwane. I-pinching yenziwa ephepheni 8-10 uma isitshalo sikhula kusuka kumisiko, futhi ekhasini 6 uma i-pelargonium isikhulile kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Ngokuncipha, iphuzu lokukhula liyasuswa. Kwezinye izimo, ukungena ngemvume okuphindaphindiwe kuyadingeka. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwakha isihlahla. Uma, ngemuva kokuncipha, amahlumela amasha aqala ukungakhuli kusuka ku-rhizome, kepha kusukela kumacala amaqabunga aphezulu, kufanele asuswe. Kushiywe amahlumela ama-axillary kuphela ngaphansi kwamaqabunga aphezulu. Noma ngenye indlela - ukunikela la amahlumela ama-axillary angenhla ukuze akhule futhi ngemuva kwamabili noma amathathu amaqabunga ukuphinda aqine. IPelargonium ikhishwe ngoFebhuwari-Mashi. Yize ukungena kwe-pinching kuthuthukisa ukwanda futhi ngokufanele kwandise inani lezimbali, akuchazi ukuqhakaza.
Izihlahla
Ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari - ekuqaleni kukaMashi, lapho i-pelargonium ivuka, ngalesi sikhathi entwasahlobo kuyadingeka ukwakha umqhele, lapho iziqu ezindala nezinkulu zisikwa, kushiya izihlwathi ezi-2-5 kudutshulwa ngamunye. Isiqu esinqunyiwe sisetshenziselwa ukusika. Ukusika nokuxhunyelelwa ngo-December-Januwari akwemukeleki, ngoba lesi isikhathi esinzima kunazo zonke empilweni yesitshalo. Ukuthena ekwindla kuholela ekubonakahleni kokuqina okuncane okubuthakathaka, okwenza buthaka isitshalo futhi singafa ebusika. Imvamisa, ama-pelargoniums emakamelweni akhula ngokushesha ebusika, akha amahlumela ahlanganisiwe adinga ukusikwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ukuthola isihlahla esihle, kubalulekile ukuthatha lesi sitshalo ngaphandle ehlobo. Izihlahla, kanye nokuncipha, kwehlisa ukuqhakaza.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
I-Pelargonium iphendula kahle ekuphakelweni kwamaminerali nase-organic. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, ukufaka umanyolo ngezinxube zezimbiwa noma ngomanyolo wetshezi kufanele kusetshenziswe. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kusetshenziswa umanyolo aqukethe i-phosphorus ne-potassium eningi kune-nitrogen. Umanyolo onjalo uvuselela izimbali. Uma kudingekile ukuthola imifino eningi, khona-ke kusetshenziswa omanyolo abanokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kanye ngesonto ukusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla yokuqala. Uma i-pelargonium yathuthwa yaba ingxube yomhlaba omusha, khona-ke imvamisa yokondla iqala izinyanga ezintathu emva kokufakelwa, lapho umhlaba usuphelile.
I-Pelargonium
Ukuzala
Ukuhlwanyela
IPelargonium etshalwe kusuka kumbewu iqhakaza kakhulu kunalokho okusakazwa ngokusikwa. Kufika kuma-inflorescence angama-30 angaqhakaza ngasikhathi sinye emtshinini. Ama-pelargoniums anjalo amelana kakhulu nomswakama ophansi, ogula kancane. IPelargonium ihlwanyelwa ngoJanuwari-ngoFebhuwari kuzithombo noma ezimbizeni. Umhlaba wokuhlwanyela wangaphambi kokuthululwa ngamanzi abilayo kanye nekhambi elimnyama le-potanganum permanganate. Imbewu ibekwa emhlabathini omanzi, imbozwe kancane ngomhlabathi othosiwe futhi ifafazwe ngekuvuselela ukukhula. Isitsha simbozwe ngengilazi noma ngefilimu. Izilimo kufanele zigcinwe zisesimweni esilinganiselwe. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze imbewu ingangeni ngokujulile, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke imile. Izithombo ezinezithombo ezivelile kufanele zingeniswe umoya nsuku zonke ngokuphakamisa ingilazi noma ifilimu kanye nokususa i-conduction. Isikhathi sokuhluma kwembewu siyizinsuku ezingama-7-14, ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa okungaphezulu kwama-degree angama-20 ukuya ku-24 akufiseleki. Lapho amaqabunga eqiniso ayi-2-2 evela ezitshalweni, izithombo ziyatshuza. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuvikela ukwakheka kokubola kwesiqu, kuyadingeka ukutshala izitshalo lapho bekutshalwe khona ngaphambili. Izithombo zitshalwa ekushiseni kwama-degrees ayi-16-16 egumbini eliqhakazile, zivundise ngokulinganayo. Ngemuva kwamaviki angama-6-8, izitshalo zidluliselwa kwelinye ibhodwe. Izimbali zenzeka maphakathi nehlobo.
Izimbumbulu
Kepha kaningi, i-pelargonium isatshalaliswa ngemisiko. Le yindlela esheshayo yokuthola isitshalo sezimbali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbewu etholakala kuma-hybrid geraniums ayazivezi kahle zonke izimfanelo zezindlela zabazali. Ngakho-ke, ama-cutways asetshenziswa kaningi, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezinhlobonhlobo, ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo ziqala ukuqhakaza ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokukhula kwezimpawu. Lapho utshala imbewu, isikhathi ngaphambi kokuqhakaza sinde. Ukusika izimpande ngoFebhuwari-Mashi nangoJulayi-Agasti. Ukuzikhethela kwesikhathi sokusakazwa kwama-cuttings kungenxa yokuthi i-mizizi ye-cuttings iyawohloka ekushiseni komoya ngaphezu kwama-degree angama-25 (ehlobo elibandayo lingasakazeka phakathi nayo yonke inkathi yokukhula). Kungcono ukuqala kabusha i-pelargonium ngokunqamula ihlumela lokuhlumela ngezimpande ngamaqabunga angama-2-3 nobude obungamasentimitha angama-5 000. Ngemuva kokusika, izingcezu zifakwa emthunzini usuku, ukuvikela ukubola kwezinqumo, ukusikwa kucwiliswe emalahleni ochotshoziwe bese kutshalwa ngenhlanganisela ekhanyayo. zingamasentimitha angama-2-3 futhi aqukethe ekushiseni kwama-degree angama-20-22. Ingxube yomhlaba kufanele ibe nesihlabathi okungenani eyodwa kwezintathu noma ikota eyodwa. Phambilini inhlanganisela yomhlaba ibigcwele amanzi abilayo futhi iniselwa ngesisombululo esimnyama se-potanganum permanganate. Ukuchelela kokuqala kukhulu, khona-ke akuvamile ukuniselwa futhi kungafafazwa, ngoba umswakama owedlulele ungadala ukubola kwezihlahla. Ngokungafani nezitshalo eziningi, ukusika kwe-pelargonium, okutshalwe kungcambu, akudingi ukuthi kumbozwe, lokhu kunikeza umphumela ongemuhle. Ukusikwa kwe-midzi kuyenzeka cishe enyangeni. Kungcono ukusiphula okusikayo ezinkomishini zepulasitiki ezi-0,2. Ukufakelwa ebhodweni eli-9-11 cm kuyenzeka uma kunezimpande ezizungeze lonke uzungezo lwendebe. Izitshalo zikhule kusuka ku-cutways ezisikwe ngoMatshi eziqhakaza maphakathi nehlobo, zisikwe ngo-Agasti - ziyaqhakaza entwasahlobo.
I-Pelargonium
Ukufakelwa
Ama-pelargoniums amancane kufanele atshalwe kabusha ngonyaka noma njalo eminyakeni emibili. Yenza lokhu entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhula. Imbiza kufanele ibe mincane, ngaphandle kwalokho amahlumela anamaqabunga azoba namandla futhi isitshalo ngeke siqhume. Uma i-pelargonium itshalwe emabhokisini e-balcony (ngemuva kwamafrimu entwasahlobo), khona-ke ibanga phakathi kwawo lingama-20-25 cm. Uma ama-pelargoniums akhula engadini, ayimbiwa ekwindla bese edluliselwa ebhodweni. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukufakelwa izitshalo, khona-ke ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba lungabekwa esikhundleni minyaka yonke ngaphandle kokufakelwa kwesitshalo uqobo. Ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila, izitshalo zithathelwa indawo kunabanye abasha ezikhuliswe kusuka kokusika. Izilimo ezisikiwe ngo-Agasti zisalelwe ubusika ngaphandle kokudluliselwa. NgoMashi-Ephreli, adluliselwa kumabhodwe wamasentimitha ayi-9-11. Uma i-pelargonium ikhule engadini, ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, ilethwa endlini. Izimpande zesitshalo ziyafushaniswa bese zibekwa ebhodweni elinomthombo omuhle wokukhipha amanzi. Izihloko zezihlumela zezitshalo ziyagawulwa.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, ngomswakama omningi womoya nokunisela ngokweqile, i-pelargonium ingabola intamo yezimpande nezimpande, izinambuzane - ama-aphid nama-whiteflies avela. Ukugwema lokhu, ama-geraniums adinga ukuhlinzeka ngezimo ezifanele zokuboshwa (ukukhanya, kupholile ebusika ngokunisela kwe-sparse).
Kwi-pelargonium, lapho izitshalo zidluliselwa kusuka endaweni evulekile noma kusuka kuvulandi ziye endlini, amaqabunga angaguquka aphuzi. Ngemuva kokuqhakanjiswa ngaphansi kwezimo ezintsha, kuphuzi amaqabunga kuyaphela. Kuphuzi amaqabunga kungenzeka uma izimo zokulungiswa kobusika zingabhekwa, kanye nesifo esijwayelekile sokukhunta - ukugqwala.
Ngokugqwala, amaqabunga e-pelargonium ambozwe izindawo zokuphuza, bese omile. Njengamanje, kunezidakamizwa ezivikela izitshalo ezifweni zokukhunta kanye namagciwane. Isifo sePelargonium - ukufakwa kwezithombo kubangelwa isikhunta esithinta izimpande nezisekelo zeziqu zezithombo, izitshalo ziyawa. Ukuvimbela ukufakwa kwezithombo, imbewu kufanele ihlwanyelwe enhlabathini enezithombo futhi hhayi ukuyibeka phezulu.
IPelargonium's 'Clatterbridge'Ubunzima
Kuphuzi amaqabunga aphansi.
Isizathu: Uma amaqabunga ehlala edobekile noma kuphela umphetho umile, isizathu ukuntuleka komswakama. Uma amaqabunga evila noma ebola - lolu daba umswakama ngokweqile. Ezimweni zombili, amaqabunga angawa.
Ubomvu bemiphetho yamaqabunga.
Isizathu: Izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu. Hambisa ibhodwe kude nefasitela ngobusuku beqhwa.
Kumnyama kwesisekelo sesiqu.
Izizathu: Ukugula komlenze omnyama. Isitshalo esinezifo siyachithwa. Esikhathini esizayo, sebenzisa inhlabathi enezinhlungu futhi uvikele ukweqisa kwayo. Lesi yisifo se-stem cuttings, isisekelo se-cuttings simnyama ngenxa yomonakalo yi-fungus. Isiqu esinjalo sikhishwa masinyane. Imbangela yesifo somlenze omnyama ukugcwala kwamanzi kwenhlabathi noma ukusebenza kwawo, okuvimba amanzi. Ukuvimbela isifo somlenze omnyama, inhlabathi engasebenzi kumele isetshenziswe. Ukuze ulondoloze izinhlobonhlobo, ungazama ukukhipha isitshalo.
I-Pelargonium © nicovanosIsiqu se-Bare; ukuwa kwamaqabunga aphansi.
IsizathuUkuntuleka kokukhanya - Ama-Pelargoniums anezithombe eziningi.
Amanzi athambile athambile emaqabungeni.
IsizathuI-Edema yisifo esithathelwanayo esihlotshaniswa nokugcwala kwamanzi kwenhlabathi. Yehlisa ukuthambisa.
Isikhunta grey kumaqabunga.
Isizathu: Ukubola okumpunga okubangelwa uBotrytis; kwenzeka lapho inhlabathi enamanzi. Isifo esithathelwanayo - susa amaqabunga athintekile, phatha nge-fungic ehlelekile, ungene kalula egumbini futhi unciphise ukuthambisa
Ukuntuleka kwezimbali ekhaya le-pelargonium.
Isizathu: Uma isitshalo sibukeka siphilile, khona-ke isizathu okungenzeka ukuthi umoya ufudumele kakhulu ebusika.
Ama-Pelargoniums amelana kakhulu nezinambuzane, kepha kwesinye isikhathi athinteka imikhaza, ama-aphid, ama-weevils kanye namhlophe. Imikhaza, imichilo, ukubola okungwevu kubhujiswa yi-fungicides, kanti ama-aphid kanye nama-whiteflies asaba amalungiselelo e-permethrin.
I-Pelargonium. © Ania MendrekImikhaza ingabhujiswa ngokugeza amaqabunga (ikakhulukazi ngokucophelela kusuka ngaphansi) ngokufakwa kwegwayi noma ikhemisi chamomile ngensipho eluhlaza. Ngemuva kwamahora angama-2-3, geza amaqabunga futhi ngamanzi. Kunzima ikakhulukazi ukulwa nezimhlophe. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo kufanele siphathwe njalo ezinsukwini ezintathu. Konke ukufafaza kufanele kwenziwe ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala.
IPelargonium isitshalo esingathobeki kakhulu, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye isitshalo esihle!
