Peas lonke ihlobo

Isitshalo esinjalo semifino njengethanga sitholakala cishe kuyo yonke ingadi. Kepha yini esiyaziyo ngaye? Iqiniso lokuthi kungokwenzalo, linamandla okuqongelela i-nitrogen ezincekwini zalo, lithanda ukubambelela nge-antennae yalo kumaxhaso ... Futhi, mhlawumbe, yilokho kuphela! Kodwa-ke, le nkambiso ayiyona eyakudala njengoba ibonakala ekuqaleni, futhi ngenxa yalokho i-peas akufanele ikhule kuphela, kodwa futhi ihlolwe ngayo.

Peas kumakhamba. © uBill Ebbesen

Kuyini ipea?

Uma kucatshangelwa peas, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lesi yisitshalo sonyaka esine-stem elula noma ye-branching ekwazi ukufinyelela ubude obude bufika ku-250 cm. Ezinye izinhlobo zayo zinesimo se-bush (noma i-bole), ezinye zilala phansi. Kunomehluko ekwakhekeni kwesithelo, ubukhulu baso, umbala. Kepha into ethokozisayo kakhulu kithi balimi ukuthi uphizi ukukhosela (ibizwa nangokuthi ingadi) ushukela futhi ushukela (noma i-leguminous).

Izinhlobo ze-Shelling Ihlukanisa ubukhona ngaphakathi kabhontshisi, ungqimba olubizwa ngokuthi lwesikhumba, olwenza ukuba ama-pods aqine futhi angakulungeli ukudla. Kodwa-ke, peas zalolu hlobo zihlephuka kahle, ikhasi kalula, zinesimo sethanga elibushelelezi, zigcinwa kahle futhi ngenxa yalokho zikhulele ukuwafaka nokuqandisa, noma peas oluhlaza nje.

Peas. © Amy Stafford

At izinhlobo ezinoshukela ungqimba lwesikhumba alukho, ekuvuthweni kobuchwepheshe ama-pods aluhlaza ngombala, agaywe kahle, ngakho-ke adliwa uwonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho imidlwane igcwala khona, iba noshukela omningi. Izinhlobo ezimnandi kunazo zonke ezinoshukela zithathwa njengezincane, ezinama-blade amancane namahlaya amancane kakhulu.

Half uphizi futhi inengqimba yesikhumba, kepha ivezwa buthaka futhi ibonakala ikakhulukazi emabhonteni akhiqizwe ngokugcwele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhle ukwazi ukuthi i-peas ihlukaniswe ngesimo sembewu phakathi nxazonke, uthukile (ubuchopho) kanye okuguqukayo. Iqembu lesithathu libonakala ngesimo sokuphoqeka sethanga elinomhlaba ocijile noma obushelelezi. Ama-peas we-Brain anokuqukethwe kwe-sucrose ephezulu kakhulu - kuze kube yi-9%, kuvela kuyo ukuthi imikhiqizo ethosiwe futhi eqandisiwe yekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu iyatholakala.

Kunokwehluka ekuvuthweni kokuqala nokumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi. Uma ufuna ukuthola isivuno sethanga kusenesikhathi, kufanele ubhekisise izinhlobo ezi-super-zakuqala ezibushelelezi ezibunjiwe. Amelana nezimo ezingezinhle kangangokuba angahlwanyelwa ngisho ngoFebhuwari. Ngasikhathi sinye, izithombo zazo zivela ngaphezu komhlabathi osuvele emazingeni okushisa angama- +4 - 7 ° and futhi zingamelana namaqhwa afinyelela ku - 6 ° С.

Uma kunesifiso sokuthi peas ibe nkulu futhi ibe mnandi, kubalulekile ukukhetha izinhlobo zohlobo lobuchopho. Ziza ngezikhathi ezahlukile zokuvuthwa futhi zingatshalwa ukuze zivune ehlobo lonke. Ngokuvamile, peas ihlukaniswe ekuqaleni, ekuqaleni, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo isivuno main futhi sekwephuzile.

Peas. © Amy Stafford

Ikhula likhula

Ngaphambi kokukhuluma ngokuthi ungasifinyelela kanjani isitshalo sethanga sonke isikhathi sasehlobo, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lesi sitshalo sinezindlela zaso zokukhula.

Ukulungiselela ukufika

Owokuqala uhlola imbewu yamakha. Ngenxa yokuthi amasundu angahlaselwa kalula yizinambuzane futhi athengiswa njalo alimala, kufanele afakwe emanzini ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Le ndlela elula, ayivumeli nje kuphela ukukhomba uphizi ongafinyeleleki, ivimbela ukwenziwa kabusha “kwabafokazi” abathandekayo emibhedeni yakho, kodwa futhi ivusa ukuhluma kwezinto ezibonakalayo zembewu. Ngasikhathi sinye, akufanele ulinde ukuvela kwezimpande, ukutshala enhlabathini udinga kuphela ukubopha imbewu yephizi enempilo, ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezisobala zokuba khona kwezinambuzane ngaphansi kwesikhumba.

Cwilisa uphizi ngaphambi kokutshala. © Calli

Ukutshala peas emhlabathini ovulekile

Okwesibili. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi peas azesabi isimo sezulu esibandayo, futhi abalimi bahlwanyela ezinye izinhlobo ezishefekile ngisho nasemhlabathini eqandisiwe, izinhlobo ezinoshukela zinconywa ukuba zihlwanyelwe enhlabathini kamuva - ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esifudumele, ngokuvamile ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi (ngokuya ngesimo sezulu esibi). Kepha awukwazi ukulinda ukushisa okuphezulu, ngoba amahlumela alesi siko awakwazi ukubekezelela ukushisa futhi acasuke ngenani elifanelekile lokulahleka.

Okwesithathu. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha izindawo ezinokhanyo kahle wokutshala uphizi. Ukuhlwanyelwa kufanele kwenziwe ngesisekelo setheyiphu enemigqa emibili, ishiye ibanga phakathi kwamateyipu acishe abe ngu-50 cm, naphakathi kwezintambo - cishe amasentimitha angama-40 ngezinhlobo zikashukela kanye nama-cm angama-20 okuzikhandla. Ngasikhathi sinye, imbewu ingahlelwa ngokulandelana hhayi ngokuxhamazela, ebangeni elingama-4 cm, ngoba peas kungenye yezitshalo ezimbalwa ezihlomula ngokuqina, ukuhlinzeka ukumelana okukhulu kwesitshalo kanye nokufiphaza okuthile kohlelo lwezimpande. Ukujula kokushumeka kwembewu kungamasentimitha amathathu ezinsweni ezisindayo kuze kufike ku-5 cm emaphashini.

Ukuhlwanyela uphizi. © Calli

Ukuze unwebe isikhathi sokuvuna sika peas, okokuqala, ukuhlwanyelwa kumele kwenziwe ngezivuselelo zezinsuku eziyi-10 (kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMeyi), okwesibili, khetha izinhlobo ngezinsuku ezahlukile zokuvuthwa, okwesithathu, ekushiseni ukuchelela ngesikhathi nangezinga eliphakeme lokulinganisa, njengamazinga okushisa aphakeme ahlanganiswe nokuntuleka kwezitshalo eziqeda umswakama, kunciphisa kakhulu usayizi wamaqhubu kanye nekhwalithi yesitshalo.

Ukunakekelwa kwePea

Kunezidingo zokunisela.. I-Peas idinga kakhulu umswakama ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ngakho-ke ngalesi sikhathi iniselwa okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto, noma ngisho kaningi, igxile esimweni sezulu. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ukunisela kungaba okuvamile, kodwa kuningi - kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-7. Ngemuva kokunisela kanye nezimvula ezinkulu, imigqa yamakhasi kufanele idedelwe ukuze ithuthukise inhlabathi nge-oxygen. Futhi, vele, ungakhohlwa ukugqoka okuphezulu - lapha i-mullein ingaba yisinqumo esihle kakhulu.

Ukukhula uphizi ku-trellis. © Peter

Indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni isivuno idlalwa ukusekelwa kwesitshalo okucabangayo. Okokuqala, ingahlinzekwa ngezindlela zokutshala ezigqinsiwe, okwesibili, ngamasiko angomakhelwane angomakhelwane, futhi okwesithathu, ihlinzekwa ngendlela yokusekelwa okukhethekile okwenziwe nge-grating, amagatsha noma izinduku. Lokhu kunikeza peas ngesilinganiso sokukhula kwemvelo futhi kuyabasiza ukuba bazizwe bekhululekile, okuthinta isivuno sezilimo.

Futhi-ke, umthetho owodwa futhi. Ukuze uphizi wakho unganciphisi ekwakhiweni kwama-pods, kubalulekile ukuthatha isivuno ngesikhathi. Ungakwenza lokhu ngesikhafu, ungancipha ngobumnene amacimbi akho ngezipikili zakho, kepha (!) Ungalindeli ukuthi ama-pods avuthwe ngokugcwele!

Izinhlobo zekhephu ngokuvuthwa

Ama-Super Peas (kutshalwe ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari - Mashi):

Amaphupho, Amaphayona (izinhlobo ezinoshukela);
I-Little Marvel, i-Feltham yokuqala, iMeteor, i-Kelvedon Wonder (izinhlobo ezigudlwe kahle).

Amathanga okuqala:

I-Ambrosia, Ubuntwana Basekuqaleni, Isimangaliso SaseKelvedon, Oscar (izinhlobo ezinoshukela);
I-Grasshopper, Phambili, ikhekhe loju, iHurst Green Shaft, iVera, iGrandovsky 11 yokuqala (amahabhu amakhulu).

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesilimo esiyisihluthulelo:

IZhegalova - 112, Ushukela 2, Inexhaustible 195, Oregon, Ushukela Oregon (izinhlobo ezinoshukela);
I-Alderman Senador, iMustachioed 5, amaparele Hawsky, Delicacy yaseMoscow, Winner G-33, Fragment (izinhlobo ze-husk).

Late izinhlobo ze-pea (kuze kube sekuvuneni kokuqala kungaba yizinsuku ezingama-90, kuhlwanyelwe kakhulu)