I-Trachicarpus (Trachycarpus) - uhlobo lwezitshalo olungowomndeni wePalmae noma i-Arecaceae (Palm). Uhlobo luhlanganisa, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, kusuka ezinhlotsheni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyi-9. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i- trachicarpus kubhekwa njenge-East Asia. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-trachicarpus yesundu ingavame ukutholakala eChina, eJapan, eHimalaya, eBurma.
Itshalwa cishe kuyo yonke indawo ngaphansi kwezimo zangaphakathi nezokugcina ukushisa, kanye nasemhlabathini ovulekile ezifundeni ezingaphansi komhlaba. ITrachicarpus iyona evame kakhulu izihlahla zesundu ezikhula ogwini lolwandle Olumnyama eCrimea naseCaucasus. Ukuthandwa kwawo kanjalo kungenxa yokuthi i-trachicarpus ukuphela kwesundu esingabekezelela ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa okufika ku-10 degrees ngaphansi kwe-zero.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
Le fan palm trachicarpus inesiqu esiqondile, esimeni semvelo singafinyelela kumamitha ayi-12 kuye kwangama-20, ekhaya, ukuphakama kwesundu akukho ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-2,5. Isiqu simbozwe ngemicu eyomile, izisekelo ezisele ezivela emaqabungeni afile. Amacembe anendawo ebanzi eyindilinga futhi efinyelela ububanzi amasentimitha angama-60.
Iqabunga leqabunga lihlukaniswe ngamacandelo cishe kuya ezisekelweni, noma kunjalo, kwezinye izinhlobo - yingxenye kuphela yephepha. Ngasemuva kwamaqabunga kukhona ukunwebeka okulula okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amacembe ahlanganiswe ne-petioles ende, ezingambozwa ngameva.
I-Palm trachicarpus ikhula kancane. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uyigcine emafulethini nasezindlini ezizimele, ngoba kuze kube yilapho isundu lifinyelela ukuphakama kwalo okukhulu, kungathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10-15.
Okuhle kunakho konke, yiqiniso, lezi zitshalo ezinhle zizozwa emakamelweni anendawo enkulu yamahhala - izindlu zokugcina izithombo, izindawo zokugcina izinto zasendlini, amagumbi wehhovisi nezindlu ezinkulu zangasese. Ngaphambi kokuthola i-trachicarpus yesundu, njenganoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo, kubalulekile ukuba uzijwayeze nemithetho yokugcinwa nokunakekelwa kwayo.
Isibonelo, intende kaLiviston, ngokwemithetho yokunakekelwa nokunakekelwa kwekhaya, etholakala lapha, ilula kancane kunesandla se-trachicarpus.
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwe-Palm trachicarpus
Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya okuhlanekezelwe, sikhula emthunzini oyingxenye ngisho nasethunzini. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, ikakhulukazi ekushiseni okwedlulele, kunomthelela ocindezelayo esitshalweni. Lapho kukhula i-trachicarpus ekhaya, kungcono ukuyibeka esitobhini noma etafuleni eliseduze nefasitela. Ukuze ulondoloze ukufana kwesundu, kufanele uyiguqule ibe ngama-degree angama-180 ngokuzungeza i-axis yayo njalo emavikini amabili.
I-Palm trachicarpus ayifuni ikakhulukazi ekushiseni. Ehlobo, umuthi wesundu uzizwa umkhulu ekushiseni kwama-degrees Celsius angama-18 kuye kwangama-25. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukufeza umoya omncane wegumbi, ngenkathi uvikela lesi sitshalo kokusalungiswa. Umuthi wesundu uphendula kahle ngokuwuyisa emoyeni omusha ngenkathi efudumele.
Okwe-trachicarpus okhule ekhaya, izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokulungiswa kwesikhashana esifushane kungaba ngamadigri ayi-0. Izitshalo ezitshalwe ukukhula emgwaqweni zingamelana nezinga lokushisa lifinyelela ku-100 ° C, kodwa kuphela uma isiqu sakhiwe ngokuphelele. Ebusika, ukwehla okuthile kwezinga lokushisa kuyadingeka egumbini lapho i-trachicarpus itholakala khona, kuze kufinyelele ku-16 degrees degrees.
Ukunisela i-trachicarpus yesundu
Ukuchelela kuyadingeka ngokulingana, isitshalo esivumelana nesomiso i-trachicarpus nesomiso ngokweqile kungabangela ukubola kohlelo lwezimpande. Phakathi kokunisela, ibhola eliphezulu lomhlaba kufanele lome kancane. Amanzi athathwe kahle, hhayi aqukethe i-chlorine, imvula iphelele.
Ehlobo, kunconywa ukugeza amaqabunga esundu ngamanzi afudumele njalo emavikini angama-2-3, futhi ebusika ungasula kuphela ngendwangu emanzi. Ungahlela futhi ukugeza okufudumele entwasahlobo kanye nesikhathi sasehlobo sesitshalo, kuyilapho imbiza isimbozwe ngokuqinile nesikhwama sepulasitiki ukugwema amanzi nokugcwala kwamanzi komhlaba.
Ukufafaza lesi sitshalo akuyona into efiselekayo, futhi ngenkathi ebandayo akunconywa ukufeza konke, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi kunokwenzeka kwezifo zokukhunta zesitshalo.
I-Palm trachicarpus ithande umoya omanzi. Ukuqinisekisa umswakama owanele, ungabeka isitsha esigcwaliswe ngamanzi eduze kwembiza ngesihlahla sesundu.
Umanyolo ekunakekelweni kwesundu trachicarpus nakho kuyadingeka
Ngokugqoka okungaphezulu, kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa umanyolo owenziwe ngokukhishwa kancane, ofaka isicelo kanye ngonyaka entwasahlobo.
Umanyolo wamaminerali we-soluble noma ama-organic fertilizer nawo ungasetshenziswa. Kulokhu, kumele zifakelwe endaweni ephansi izikhathi eziphindwe kabili kunalokho kukhonjisiwe kwimiyalo futhi zivundiswe njalo emavikini angama-2-3 aqala ngo-Ephreli aphele ngo-Agasti.
Futhi, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-foliar nge-microelements kwenziwa njalo ngenyanga.
Ukufakelwa kwesundu kweTrachicarpus
I-trachicarpus yesundu, njengazo zonke ezinye zezihlahla zesundu, ayikuthandi ukufakelwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke yenziwa kuphela lapho kunesidingo. Imvamisa kwenzeka lapho uhlelo lwezimpande zesundu lungasabekwa embizeni. Ezitshalweni ezincane, ukufakelwa kuyadingeka njalo ngonyaka, futhi nakubantu abadala, akusekho kanye kanye eminyakeni emithathu.
Lapho ufaka izinto, awukwazi ukususa umhlaba ezimpandeni, lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa ebhodweni elisha sihambisana nesigaxa sobumba. Ngasikhathi sinye, akunakwenzeka ukujulisa i-trachicarpus - izinga lomhlabathi ebhodweni elisha kufanele libe sezilinganisweni ezifanayo nalezo ezindala. Kuyadingeka futhi ukukhetha usayizi ofanele webhodwe walesi sitshalo, awukwazi ukutshala isundu esincane embizeni enkulu.
Umhlabathi wokutshala lesi sitshalo kufanele ukhululeke futhi umanzi masinyane ngokwenele ngamanzi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele futhi ukhishwe masinyane kokugcwala kwawo. Ingxube esemhlanjeni elungiselelwe kahle ingenye lapho amanzi athululelwayo ageleza khona ngemizuzwana embalwa ngemgodi yokudonsa. Uma kuthatha imizuzu eminingana ngalawa manzi, khona-ke i-trachicarpus ngeke ikhule enhlabathini enjalo. I-acidity yenhlabathi efanele ingaphakathi kwebanga le-pH kusuka ku-5.6 kuye ku-7.5.
Ungasebenzisa ukuxubana kwenhlabathi yesihlahla sesundu ukutshala ama-trachicarpuse, noma ungakupheka ngokwakho. Kunezinketho eziningi zezakhi zalo:
- Umhlaba waseSodoma - ingxenye eyi-1, umhlaba womquba - ingxenye eyi-1, humus - 1 ingxenye, isihlabathi noma inhlabathi eyi-coarse - 1 ingxenye.
- Umhlaba weSodoma - izingxenye ezi-2, i-peat emanzi - izingxenye ezi-2, isihlabathi esizungezayo noma isihlabathi esiqhekekile - ingxenye eyi-1, indawo eshidi - izingxenye ezi-2
- I-Pumice noma i-slag - ingxenye engu-1, amagxolo kaphayini onesilinganiso esingu-20 mm noma ngaphezulu - ingxenye eyi-1, amatshe ama-dolomite noma amatshe amatshe anengxenye ye-12 mm - 1 okuyingxenye, Peat eqinile - 1 ingxenye, i-perlite - 1 ingxenye, namalahle ngengxenye engu-10 mm noma ngaphezulu - 1 ingxenye, ukudla kwamathambo - ingxenye engu-0,1.
Ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa, gxilisa ingxube yenhlabathi. Amanzi abekwe phansi.
I-Palm trachicarpus isatshalaliswa ngezinqubo zembewu noma yegatsha
Ukusakazwa kwembewu yinqubo enzima kakhulu futhi ende, ayihlukile ngokuhlwanyela ezinye izitshalo. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imbewu ye-trachycarpus ilahlekelwa ikhono lokuhluma. Imbewu engaphezulu konyaka ubudala ngeke ihlume nhlobo, ngakho-ke lapho uthenga imbewu ye-trachicarpus, kufanele unake usuku lokupakisha.
Indlela ethembekile ngokwengeziwe ukwahlukanisa izinqubo. Intende ngayinye ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokubumba izinqubo ze-basal. Isimo esiyinhloko sokwakheka kwabo umswakama owanele egumbini; lapho i-trachicarpus igcinwa egumbini elomile, inzalo ayakhiwa.
Ekusakazeni, izinqubo ezinobubanzi obungaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-7 ziyafaneleka. Bahlukaniswa nesiqu esikhulu endaweni yokuncipha ngommese obukhali, ohlanzekile, ngokuba baqaphele ukuthi bangalimazi isitshalo sikamama. Amaqabunga enqubo anqunywa ngokuphelele. Esitshalweni sikamama, isiza esisikiweyo somile izinsuku ezimbili.
Ingxenye engezansi yenqubo iphathwa nge-fung fung kanye ne-ukuvuselela izimpande. Ama-cutways atshalwe ku-substrate enesihlabathi esihlanganayo noma i-coarse perlite. Izimo zokubamba kahle impande yilezi:
- Ukugcina izinga lokushisa lingaphezulu kwama-27 degrees.
- Okuqukethwe esitsheni okusikiwe emthunzini oyingxenye.
- Ukulondolozwa njalo komswakama wenhlabathi.
Ukhula lwazo amahlumela lwenzeka ezinyangeni eziyi-6, kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kungathatha unyaka wonke. Ngemuva kokuqothula izimpande ngempumelelo, isihlahla sesundu esincane sitshalwa endaweni esemhlabeni, njengesitshalo esidala.
I-Palm trachicarpus idinga ukunakekelwa ukuze iqhubeke nokuhlobisa
Ukususa amabala othuli namanzi kusuka kumaqabunga e-trachicarpus, sebenzisa indwangu ye-flannel enanyiswe isixazululo se-5% se-oxalic acid. Ngemuva kwalokhu, lesi sitshalo sidinga okugeza efudumele, futhi amaqabunga asulwa ngomshini owomile.
Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele usebenzise amakhemikhali ukuhlanza nokuhlanza amaqabunga.
Amaqabunga eTrachicarpus adinga ukulungiswa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kulondolozwe ukubukeka kokuhlobisa. Kulokhu, amaqabunga afile, aphukile futhi aqonde phansi asikwa kuqala. Akusekho amaqabunga amaningi angakhishwa ngonyaka njengoba isitshalo singavuselela.
Awukwazi ukususa amaqabunga athole i-tint ephuzi noma e-brownish, ngoba isitshalo sithola umsoco emaqabungeni anjalo.
Uma ukusakazwa kwe-trachicarpus ngosizo lwez amahlumela kungahlelwanga, khona-ke kufanele kususwe ngokucophelela lapho kuvela, ngokunakekela ukuthi kungonakalisi isiqu sesitshalo.
Izinambuzane zesitshalo seTrachicarpus
ITrachicarpus inezinambuzane eziningi impela. Phakathi kwazo kukhona eziyinhloko: izinambuzane ezikala, ama-aphid, ama-thrips, ama-mealybug. Izitshalo ezitshalwe kusuka ezinhlanyelweni noma ezithengiwe ezitolo azihlaselwa kalula yizilokazane.
Ukutheleleka ngo- "isethi ephelele" kuvame ukuthi kube yizitshalo ezitshalwa kusuka ekuzenzeleni imbewu yazo bese zimbiwa kanye nomhlabathi, lapho izinambuzane zihlala okokuqala.
