Phakathi kwamasiko ajwayelekile asendlini, i-goffmania ivelele ikakhulukazi ngokushesha. Kodwa hhayi ngoba lesi sitshalo sinqabile kakhulu futhi sibukeka siphuphile. Ukuba ngesinye sezitshalo zasendlini ezingafuneki kakhulu futhi ezifuna ukungena ngaphakathi, i-hoffmania ngisho nasekude iyamangaza umcabango ngayo, sengathi idonswe ngaphansi komphathi, amaphethini anamaqabunga anezinhlaka. Lesi ngesinye sezitshalo ezinemifanekiso eminingi, izinhlangano ezivusa inkambiso ngobuciko obuyimfihlo nokwakhiwa kwesimanje. I-Bright, i-textured, iphethini, i-goffmania ihlala iyimfihlakalo ngezindlela eziningi. Kepha imfumbe mihle kangangokuba ukuyeka ubumnandi bokubabaza amaqabunga ayo obukhazikhazi kunzima impela.
Indoor Hofmania.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-hoffmania yangaphakathi?
IHoffmania - izihlahlana kanye nemithi yokubulala ukhula enomlando omfushane wokutshala eYurophu. Bavele emasikweni kuphela ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, basinda esikhathini sokudingeka okukhulu, kepha baba yizinkanyezi ezigcwele izindlu zokugcina imvelo zangasese. IHoffmania namuhla, naphezu kwemfashini yezitshalo ezingajwayelekile nezikhipha ama-exotic asezindaweni ezishisayo, iyaqhubeka iyisitshalo hhayi wonke umuntu.
UHoffmannia walithola igama lakhe ukuhlonipha isazi sezitshalo saseJalimane esivelele, esazakhela udumo ngomsebenzi waso eMosive University - G. Hoffmann.
Ama-gofmanias amnandi amelela umndeni wakwaMarenov, ongathulwanga kabanzi ku-assortment yezitshalo zasendlini. Lesi sitshalo sitholakala ikakhulukazi eNingizimu Melika, yize ezinye izinhlobo ze-hoffmania zingatholakala eMexico naseziqhingini ezishisayo.
E-Gofmania (IHoffmannia) - Izihlahlana ezinkulu ezingaphansi, ezimangalisa ngaphansi, ezinethambo elinamandla (athambekele ekufikeni kokuhlala), amahlumela amaningi. Zisendaweni yemvelo, ngaphansi kombhede wehlathi lemvula elisendaweni eshisayo, elinganiselwe ekuphakameni okuphezulu kwamamitha ayi-1.
Amaqabunga eChic
Kepha usayizi omncane awuyivimbi i-gofmanii ukuthi ikhule kububanzi, idala izikhonkwane ezinhle ezinhle. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezakha izihlahla ezihlangene ngokwengeziwe kanye ne-Rososette ekhiqiza inqwaba yezitshalo zamadodakazi - akhula. Kokubili ama-gofmanias asendle futhi akhethiwe kuphela anaka amaqabunga awo.
Mikhulu, ikhula ibe ngu-30 cm ngobubanzi obungama-10 cm kuphela, amaqabunga e-obovate e-hoffmania abukeka efanelekile. Banamanzi, bancibilikile, bakhumbuza ngandlela-thile izinciphiso. Unqenqema olubushelelezi nephethini yokulinganisa yemithambo izuza kuphela ngosayizi nokuncishiswa kweshidi. U-Olive luhlaza, umbala osisekelo wamaqabunga amaqabunga anemithambo ekhanyayo ngamaqabunga avuthiwe uthathelwa indawo nge-emerald nethoni elimnyama, ngaphezu kwalokho, emaqabungeni amancane, ushintsho olubushelelezi lwamathoni amhlophe, apinki nawokusomi naye ayamangaza.
Lokhu kuphulukana kwemibala okuhle, kwemibala emihle kunyakazisa ukubonga okwengeziwe ngokuhlanganiswa nokwakheka komhlaba. Amafutha e-hoffmania awabukeki nje njengezindwangu zikanokusho - abukeka njenge-velvet yokunethezeka yokuthinta. I-Velvety ayijwayelekile kumacembe amancanyana, iziveza kancane kancane, kanye nombala weqiniso. Lapho ushintsha ukukhanyisa kwamandla ahlukahlukene, amaqabunga angaba acwebezelayo noma abe matte angaphezulu.
Uhlangothi oluphuzi lwangemuva nge-tint yethusi lugcizelela kuphela amaqabunga velvety angajwayelekile. Lesi ngesinye sezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthungwa, i-aristocrat eyiqiniso yangaphakathi. Kepha ama-gofmanii adumile hhayi kuphela ngokugcotshwa kwamaqabunga, kodwa futhi nangephethini yawo. Umthambo okhanyayo ophakathi nendawo uhlanganiswa nemithambo yehlangothini “ebumbeke” enikeziwe, enikeza lesi sitshalo ubunzima obumangalisayo bejometri.
Izimbali zeHoffmania.
Izimbali ezinesizotha
Ukuqhakaza kwe-gofmanias akuyona ukubukeka okujwayelekile, kepha ngokumelene nesizinda samaqabunga amahle kubonwa njengebhonasi eyengeziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-gofmanii yangaphakathi ayivamile ukuqhakaza. Zincane, zifinyelela ku-2 cm ubude, izimbali ze-tubular beige-pink ziqoqwa ngamaqhubu we-inflorescences. Into ethakazelisa kakhulu kwezimbali ukuhleleka kwezimbali. Ziyaqhakaza kuma-axils amaqabunga, empeleni esiqwini, azibonakali, kodwa lapho nje uzibhekisisa, kuvezwa imininingwane emisha nejabulisayo.
Izinhlobo ze-gofmanii yangaphakathi
Uhlobo lweHoffmannia (Hoffmannia) luhlanganisa cishe izinhlobo eziyikhulu ezizimele zezihlahla ezingaphansi ezingaphansi kweNingizimu Melika. Kepha njengezitshalo ezitshaliwe, ngisho nasemazweni anomoya opholile, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezintathu kuphela ze-hoffmania. Kulezi, isitshalo esisodwa sasisetshenziswa kabanzi emasikweni egumbi.
I-Gofmania Gisbrecht (Hoffmannia ghisbreghtii) - umbono omuhle kakhulu, okhangayo futhi okhanyayo kakhulu wohlobo lonke. Amacembe amakhulu amasentimitha amathathu anemithambo ethokozisayo kanye nomnqobi ohlangothini lweflip ebomvu ngokunqwabelana kwawo. Le gofmaniya inezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezithokozisayo. Kanye ne-ejwayelekile eluhlaza-eleved, kunezinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo futhi eziluhlaza ezimnyama. Uhlobo lwe-mosagate, ifomu le-waxgated, lithanda kakhulu izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zalolu hlobo lwe-gofmania.
Akuvamile ukuthi ungathola ngokuthengisa olunye uhlobo lwe-gofmanii - gofmania brilliant (Hoffmannia refulgens). Ihlukaniswa amahlumela aqinile, amaqabunga acwebezelayo, umbala obomvu kakhulu wombala wangemuva wamaqabunga nezimbali.
IHoffmannia Gisbrecht (Hoffmannia ghisbreghtii).
Izimo zokukhula gofmanii endlini
Bonke ubunzima ekukhuleni kwe-gofmania nokumakhela amakamelo izimo ezinjalo lapho angeke alahlekelwe ukuhlobisa, kuhlobene ngqo nomlingiswa wayo nemvelaphi. Lesi isitshalo esingaguquki, esidinga indawo ethile, isitshalo esithanda umswakama nesithanda ukushisa. Noma yizidingo zokushisa okujwayelekile ngezikhathi zezitshalo ezisebenzayo nobusika, noma uthando lwalesi sitshalo sokukhanyisa okhethekile alunakwa uma kukhethwa imibandela ye-gofmania.
Indlela elula yokukhulisa i-tropicanka hoffmania ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo zasendlini nokubukisa izimbali, kuma-florariums amakhulu noma izifanekiselo zawo. Isitshalo sihle ku-greenhouse kanye ne-Conservatory. Izimo ezisegumbini lokuhlala zihlukile kulezo ezejwayelekile kulesi sitshalo, kepha ngokucophelela zinganxephezelwa ngokuthola cishe imiphumela efanayo evela ku-shrub njengalapho ikhule endaweni yokubukisa.
Ukukhanyisa nokubekwa
IHoffmania ngokwemvelo ikhula emahlathini ashisayo futhi ukukhanya kwendalo kubo kunqotshwa impela. Ukubekezelelwa komthunzi we-goffmania kuyamangaza elimnandi kunoma ngubani onquma ukukhulisa lesi sitshalo. Ngaye, ukukhanya okufakwayo kuphela noma umthunzi oyingxenye ofanele; i-gofmania ayithandi ukukhanya kwelanga. Izinhlobo ezixubile zinokubekezelela okuphansi komthunzi.
Ukukhanyisela lesi sitshalo kufanele kube okuzinzile unyaka wonke. Ebusika, i-hoffmania ibekwa efasiteleni, inxenxa izinguquko ezithile zonyaka.
Ngokungafani namanye amasiko amaningi ashisayo, i-gofmania izizwa imnandi ngaphakathi. I-velvety ephelele yamaqabunga ayo ibukeka kangcono ezingxenyeni zodwa. Isitshalo akufanele siboniswe eduze kwamanye amasiko, ngoba izinkanyezi ezikhanyayo kakhulu zokuhlobisa nezishintshashintshayo ziyaphenduka zivela ngemuva kwaso. Kumafasitela wesitolo sezimbali kuphela noma ngezinye izitshalo ezishisayo lapho i-gofmania ibukeka ilingana.
Ngenxa yesimo sayo sokukhula, ezingadini zasebusika, i-gofmania ingahlanganiswa ezitsheni ezinkulu nezinye izitshalo ezinomlingiswa ofanayo. IHoffmania ibukeka yinhle kulezo zindawo lapho lesi sitshalo sikhona ngaphansi komugqa wokubona: kungcono ukusibeka emakamelweni ukuze ubheke amaqabunga avela phezulu.
Ukushisa nomoya omncane
IHoffmania ifunwa kakhulu kumazinga okushisa nomoya ozinzile. Ziyi-thermophilic kangangokuba ngisho nokupholisa ukuya ku-18 ° C kungaba ingcindezi ebalulekile yezitshalo. Futhi ukwehla komoya okushisa komoya kuya ku-16 ° C kuyithinta kakhulu impilo nokuhehisa kwalesi sitshalo.
Lezi zilimo kufanele zivikelwe kokungakapheli noma yikuphi ukwehla okubukhali kwezimo ezikhulayo, kufaka phakathi umehluko wokushisa.
Nakekela i-gofmania ekhaya
IHoffmania ayihlukaniswanga ngengozi phakathi kwezitshalo zasendlini ezingathandeki kakhulu. Akaxoleli amaphutha, ikakhulukazi ngokunisela, futhi ngokushesha ulahlekelwe ukukhanga. Ukuphuthelwa okuncane kakhulu ekunakekeleni kuphenduka kuye ukwelula kwakhe, ukuphonsa amaqabunga noma ukwephula ukukhula kwabo; futhi emaqabungeni amakhulu anjenge-hoffmannia, ngisho nethiphu elomile limangalisa kakhulu.
IHoffmania isiko labatshali bezimbali abanolwazi abakulungele ukwanelisa zonke izifiso zeTropicana enzima kangaka. Futhi kulabo abathanda izitshalo ezingajwayelekile ezinomlingisi onzima.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Ukunisela njalo nangendlela efanelekile ye-gofmania kumele. Lesi sitshalo asikubekezeleli ukomiswa okuphelele kokhilimu wobumba, kodwa futhi akubekezeleli ukungaboli. Ukuphuthelwa ekunikezelweni kwe-gofmanii kuholele emiphumeleni enkulu, ngakho-ke udinga ukulawula isimo se-substrate. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngemuva kokumiswa kwengqimba yenhlabathi ephezulu.
Kunzima ukuqamba esinye isitshalo esingeke sivumele umoya owomile. IHoffmania izwelayo ekushintshashintsheni komswakama, ukusebenza kwezilimo zomoya, ingasaphathwa eyokushisa izinto zikagesi. Umswakama kufanele ube phezulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Izinkomba ze-75-80% zilungile. Kunezindlela eziningi zokwandisa umswakama womoya:
- Inxephezela ukoma komoya ngokufafaza okujwayelekile, okuhleliwe.
- Hlela isitshalo esikhwameni esigcwele amatshe amanzi noma ubumba olwandisiwe.
- Ukukhulisa i-gofmania ezitsheni eziphindwe kabili, kufakwa imbiza lapho isitshalo sitshalwe khona esitsheni esigcwele ubumba olunwebekile olumanzi.
- Faka ama-humidifires.
- Beka imithombo yegumbi noma i-aquarium eduzane ne-gofmania.
Ekufafaza i-gofmanii kunezimfihlo eziningi. Leli siko lidinga ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ahluziwe noma abilisiwe. Izinga lokushisa lazo kufanele libe ngaphezulu kwama-5-6 degrees kunokushisa komoya. Isifutho esihle kuphela esingasetshenziselwa amaqabunga e-velvet.
Ukungcola kweqabunga leHoffmania kuyinkinga enkulu. Isitshalo kumele sivikelwe kunoma yiluphi uthuli nokungcoliswa kwendlu, kuvikelwe lapho kuhlanza amakamelo, ukuvimbela ukungena kwezindlu ezinzima. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi uhlanze ingaphezulu kwamaqabunga e-velvet e-goffmania: ukuthungwa okuhle komhlaba kungamunca noma imuphi udoti noma idiphozi, futhi ukugeza noma ezinye izindlela ngeke kusize lapha, kepha kuzoholela ekulahlekelweni kwephepha lapho bezama ukususa ukungcola. Izintambo zigxotshwa kahle amaqabunga ngebhulashi elithambile.
Amaqabunga aseHoffmania awela kokunisela okwanele.
Ukufakwa nokufakwa komanyolo
Ngokuqondene nezitshalo eziningi, ukondla nge-gofmaniya kuzodingeka kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhula kwayo okusebenzayo. IHoffmania idliwa kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba. Imvamisa elungile yokugqoka okuphezulu iba njalo njalo emavikini ama-2. IHoffmannia ithambekele ekushisweni kwezimpande, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwayo kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, kuphela ngesimo se-ketshezi futhi kuphela ngemuva kokunisela okusindayo.
IHoffmannia ayithandi ukungamaminerali, kodwa okusebenzisa umanyolo. IHoffmannia ingondliwa ngesisombululo esilula se-mullein. Kumanyolo athengiwe, ukuthandwa kufanele kunikezwe kumalungiselelo e-mineral-organic organisation. Umthamo womanyolo uyamiswa uma uqhathaniswa nezincomo zomenzi.
Ukunciphisa futhi ukuvuselela i-gofmanii yasekhaya
Okubi kwalesi siko kufaka phakathi umkhuba wayo wokuphonsa amaqabunga aphansi futhi ulahlekelwe ukuhlobisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuvezwa kwamahlumela kukhulunywa kakhulu ebusika ngokukhanya okungahambi kahle noma esimweni somswakama ophansi.
Ukuthena i-hoffmania kwenziwa kuphela lapho isitshalo siphulukana nokubumbana nokukhanga. Eqinisweni, konke kwehlela ekuvuseleleni kabusha: amahlumela amade, angenalutho asikiwe, kushiya amahlazo amancane kuphela. Lesi sitshalo sizobuyisela ubuhle bokuhlobisa masinyane lapho sekukhula amahlumela amasha.
Ukuvuselela ukuqina futhi uthole amahlahla aminyene, ungancipha izihloko zamahlumela amancane.
Dlulisa futhi uhlukanise i-gofmanii
Lesi sitshalo sithathelwa indawo kuphela lapho kuvela isidingo - njengoba isakhi sangaphansi sithuthukiswa izimpande. Futhi ngaphambi kwalokho, ingaphezulu lomhlaba liyathathelwa indawo minyaka yonke ngesitshalo. IHoffmania itshalwa ngasekupheleni kobusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Amandla (ububanzi) andiswa ngo-5 cm uma kuqhathaniswa nalena eyedlule.
Kule tropicana udinga ukukhetha ikhwalithi ephezulu, evulekile futhi elula ngokukhanyayo, i-substrate evulekile ne-acidic encane. IHoffmania itshalwe kangcono ezindaweni ezingathengiwe ezinezici ezilawulwayo. Uma inhlabathi ixubene ngokuzimela, kungcono ukuhlanganisa i-peat, inhlabathi yamaqabunga nesihlabathi ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo ngengxenye encane yomquba noma i-humus.
Ngenkambiso yokufakelwa, kuyafaneleka ukuzama ukugcina isigaxa sobumba hhayi ukudalula izimpande. Ngaphansi kweziqukathi kumele kubekwe ungqimba oluphezulu lwamanzi. Ngemuva kokufakelwa nokunisela okuningana, lesi sitshalo kufanele sigcinwe emthunzini nangaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ukushisa (ngaphansi kwekhola noma ewindini lezimbali).
Izifo, izilokazane nezinkinga ezikhulayo
Noma yiziphi izinkinga nge-gofmanii zidalwa ukunakekelwa okungafanele. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele kanye nokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi, izinambuzane ziyivelakancane kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo siyathandeka, siphendula ngobuhlungu ekunakekelweni okungafanele nomoya owomile. Ama-scaffolds, azizwa kanye nama-aphid ayizitha eziyingozi kakhulu zesitshalo. Kungcono ukulwa nezinambuzane ezinambuzane ngaso leso sikhathi nokwelashwa kwezinambuzane.
Izifo zokukhunta azibangeli izinkinga ezincane. Noma yikuphi ukufakwa kwamanzi, ukungcola okukhulu kwamaqabunga, ukuthambisa okungalungile kungaholela ekusakazweni kokubola. Uma kuvela izimpawu zokuwohloka, udinga ukulungisa ukuthambisa bese uqala ukusebenzisa isikhunta.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo:
- ukulahleka kwamaqabunga amaqabunga ngokunisela ngokweqile;
- ukomiswa kwamathiphu amaqabunga emoyeni owomile noma ngokungafani kokuswakama kwenhlabathi;
- Ukushona ngenxa yokunisela okungafanele noma ukusabalala kwezilokazane.
Igumbi laseHoffmania.
Ukusakazeka kwe-gofmanii yangaphakathi
Amakati amasha wezitshalo angatholakala kuphela ngezindlela zokutshala imifino.
Indlela elula yokukhulisa i-hoffmania ukuhlukanisa izitshalo zabantu abadala. Lapho ufaka izinto, izinketho ezilandelayo kungenzeka:
- ukuhlukanisa ukukhula kwamagatsha, ukukhiqiza izitshalo zamadodakazi ngentshiseko kube izingxenye zaba ngamam 2 kuya kwayi-3;
- ukwahlukanisa amahlumela aqambe amanga eceleni kwekhola lesihlahla somama futhi awatshalise emigqonyeni emincane ehlukile.
Hlukanisa i-gofmanii ngokucophelela, uzama ukwenza umonakalo omncane ezimpandeni ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngemuva kokutshala, lesi sitshalo sigcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kanye nomswakama ophezulu kakhulu (ngaphambi kokukhula). Ukukhanya okukhanyayo ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuzivumelanisa nakho kungaba yingozi.
Ungasakaza i-gofmanii kanye nokusikwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa iziqongo zamahlumela noma amahlumela asele ngemuva kokuncipha. Izimpande ezisikiwe zidinga ukuba sezintweni ezikhanya kakhulu ngaphansi kwehod. Isidingo sokwenza izimpande ezinamandla siphumelele ukushisa phansi kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Izinga lokushisa akufanele lihle ngaphansi kuka-21 ° C, futhi isibani kufanele singagcini (umthunzi oyingxenye ulungile).
Kungenzeka ukuthi i-gofmania isivele ikhula endlini yakho, noma uhlela nje ukuyixazulula ekhaya. Yabelana ngesipiliyoni sakho sokukhulisa le tropicanka eyinqaba nabafundi be- “Botanichki” kumazwana abeke wona esihlokweni noma kwiForamu yethu.
