Umhlobiso - Imbali kaZeus

I-Carnation ingenye yezitshalo ezithandayo emazweni ahlukahlukene kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Abantu babephathwa imihuzuko ngezifo zesifo sokosawoti, ukugcotshwa okubomvu kugcinwa endlini bese kuthathwa nabo endleleni ukuze bavikele ebubini.

Ngokuya ngenganekwane yasendulo yamaGrikhi, ukugcoba obomvu kwakukade kuyizinhlayiya zomuntu. Phakathi kwezizwe ezahlukahlukene, ama-clove abhekwa njengophawu lobuhle nobulungisa, ukungaguquguquki nokwethembeka.

I-Carnation ingadi, noma i-Carnation iyiDashi. © 4028mdk09

Cloves, Latin - Dianthos. Uhlobo Carnation luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-400; izinhlobo eziningi ezinhle ziyafuywa. Igama elijwayelekile le-carnation "Dianthus" (Dianthus) lihunyushwa lisuselwa esiGrekini ngokuthi "imbali yezithixo."

Ama-carnation ayizitshalo ezihlala zisetshenziswa, eziqhakaza izimbali, kanye nezimbali zonyaka zomndeni we-clove. Ama-carnations ane-studty enotshani noma enobumba obushelelezi, obushelelezi futhi obukhulu. Amacembe aqonde emaceleni aphambili; luhlaza okotshani, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Izimbali zemihlobiso ehlukahlukene azikashadi noma ziqoqwe ngama-inflorescence, amancane noma alikhulu, alula noma aphindeka, anephunga elimnandi noma onephunga elibi, elinemiphetho ebushelelezi noma engasasebenziyo yama-petals. Ama-clove akhangayo ikakhulukazi anezimbali eziphindaphindwe kabili ahlala enamaphara ahlanganisiwe, ahlekile, anogqinsi.

Emikhakheni yemvelo, ama-corollas wezimbali ezilula aqukethe amacembe amahlanu mahhala, amhlophe noma anemibala ekhanyayo (kaningi - ngombala opinki ngemibala ehlukene).

I-Carnation ingadi, noma i-Carnation iyiDashi. © ama-cubbyholes

Emikhondweni yezindlela zamasiko, umbala wezimbali uhluke kakhulu: ngaphezu kokumhlophe noku pinki, ukhilimu, usalimoni, ophuzi, obomvu, onsomi futhi ngisho ne-multicolor. Kunezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zezithelo ezinemibuthano ehlukanisayo maphakathi nembali, ngomugqa ohlukile ohlangothini lomaphethelo, onamachashazi nemishayo ephikisana.

I-carnation iyibhokisi elinembewu enezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezinembewu emnyama ewucaba.

Ngokuya ngezici zezinhlobo, imbewu ye-clove ingahlwanyelwa entwasahlobo (ngezithombo noma emhlabathini ovulekile), ehlobo nasekwindla.

Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zivame kakhulu ku-floriculture: ama-clove ama-Turkish noma ama-nentshebe (D. barbatus), ama-clove ama-Chinese (D. chinensis), ama-pinnate clove (D. plumarius), ama-Dutch noma engadi ama-clove (D. caryophyllus).

Umdanso waseDashi ubonakala ngezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo, ngakho-ke zihlanganiswa zaba ngamaqembu ayisihlanu ayisihluthulelo engadi: uShababo, grenadine, umfudlana, i-American, souvenir de Malmaison.

Ukuhlobisa ingadi. © Ingadi noLaura

Ukunakekelwa

Indawo: i-carnations ithande indawo enelanga. Izitshalo ezintekenteke kakhulu ezisencane nezindala ezifinyelele esigabeni sezimbali ziyazwela kakhulu ekushintshashintsheni kwezinga lokushisa ebusika, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamahora nobusuku. Ngokutshala izinhlobo ezibalulekile nezingandile, kuyinto efiselekayo ukudala izindawo eziphakeme.

Inhlabathi: Dinga inhlabathi evundile, engeyona acidic, evundayo engadini. Azikubekezeleli ukugcotshwa kwamanzi futhi ikakhulukazi ukuzimuka kwamanzi.

Ingozi enkulu ilele kuma-clove ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa lishintsha kakhulu phakathi nosuku: ilanga lifudumala emini, futhi ebusuku liqala ukubanda. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo ezingamelana nesithwathwa zimbozwa ngamagatsha e-spruce ekwindla ukuze amagatsha adale indawo yokugcina yezitshalo. I-Shelter isuswa ngemuva kwamafrimu ajwayelekile. Ama-clove ama-varietal aphendula kahle kumanyolo ngomanyolo, okwenza i-humus (umquba omusha akufanele usetshenziswe). Iziqu ezifiphele zayo yonke imifino yezithelo zisikwa ngo-10-15 cm ukusuka ebusweni bomhlaba. Ngemuva kwalokho yenza umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali, oniselwayo, uthukulula inhlabathi. Ngemuva cishe kwenyanga, amahlumela amasha akhula, kuthi ekwindla, kwezinye izinhlobo, kuqhakambe izimbali zesibili. Ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, isikhathi sokuphila kwezinhlobo zisetshenziswa seminyaka engama-4-6 kuphela. Ezimweni ezingezinhle, 'zinwebeka' iminyaka emi-2-3 kuphela.

Ukuhlobisa ingadi. © Ingadi noLaura

Ukuzala

Imbewu kanye nohlaza. Ekusakazweni kokutshala imifino, izindlela ezimbili zingenzeka - ukusikwa kanye nokuhlelwa. Muva nje, kulungiswa ama-carnations e-greenhouse asatshalaliswa cishe kuphela yisiko le-izicubu, elivumela impahla yokutshala efanayo ngaphandle kwamagciwane.

Ukusakazwa kwemifino ukuphela kwendlela yokuthola izitshalo zezinhlobo ezihlanzekile (njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ama-clove anikeza kalula ama-nzalo). Ama-carnations adinga ukwandiswa njalo futhi kaningi, ngoba izinhlobo eziningi zezezinsana, okuwukuthi, ziphila iminyaka engama-3-4 kuphela, futhi izinhlobo ezihlala njalo zilahlekelwa ukuhlobisa kwazo ngokobudala, njengoba izihlahla zazo ziwohloka, zikhula futhi zibhebhetheka phansi. Okudabukisayo ngokwanele, ekuqaleni kokubuka, zimbalwa kakhulu izinhlobo zohlobo oluhlukanisa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Ama-clove amaningi anezimpande eziyinhloko ezinamandla, ezivela lapho uhlangothi lusakaza khona. Kwesinye isikhathi ezinye zazo ziba nezimpande ngokwazo, ngaleyo ndlela zinikeze izitshalo ezintsha. Kepha ubuningi be-carnations, kufaka phakathi i-varietal, idinga ukusakazwa okukhethekile kokusanhlamvu.

Ukuhlobisa ingadi. © Ingadi noLaura

Ama-cuttings akhiqiza wonke ama-clove ngaphandle kokukhetha, kepha ngezinhlobo zaminyaka yonke akunangqondo. Okokusika kusetshenziswa isihlabathi noma i-perlite. Kungcono ukuzisika ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni, lapho amahlumela wezitshalo esehluke kakhulu kuma-peduncle. Ngendlela yokubamba izimpande, amahlumela wemifino engu-3-9 cm ubude abhekwa njengawona ahamba phambili, kuya ngohlobo lwe-clove, kodwa okungenani ngamabili amaqabunga amaqabunga ama-3-4 Ungathatha ukusika okude. Isilayidi senziwa ngokushesha ngaphansi kwendawo. Kususwa amaqabunga aphansi kusuka kuzindawo zokuqala ezi-2. Ngaphansi kwehlumela, ngalo lonke ubude be-infode engezansi, ummese obukhali kakhulu noma i-scalpel usetshenziselwa ukwenza ukubonakala ngokuqondile kobubanzi be-1/3 besiqu. Izimbumbulu ezisikiwe zibekwa engxenyeni encane futhi zibanikeza umswakama owanele womoya, umbozwe ifilimu noma imbiza. Ukusika kwenani elikhulu lezinto kungenziwa ku-greenhouse ebandayo. Ungasebenzisa isitshalo esinefogging, kepha ngaphandle kokushisa inhlabathi. Roots amafomu emavikini angama-2-3.

Ukuzala kabusha ngokugawulwa kungenzeka ezindaweni zomzimba ezinezimbali ezinde zemifino. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-incision yenziwa kuma-internode kusiqondisi kusuka ezansi kuya phezulu kuya ekujuleni kwe-1/3 yobukhulu besiqu. Lapho-ke le ngxenye yehlumela likhonkothwa phansi, limbozwe ngesihlabathi futhi njalo lithambisa inhlabathi. Ngemuva kokubumba izimpande (ukukhula kuzovela kuma-internode akhiwe ngenhla), lesi sitshalo esisha sihlukaniswa notshwala bomama bese sibatshazwa.

Ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, izinhlobo ezimbalwa kakhulu zanda, zakha amasobho amahlumela anezimpande kalula, ngokwesibonelo, ama-clove asentshebe noma amaTurkey, i-clove yotshani. Kungcono ukuhlukanisa isihlahla ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, khona-ke izitshalo ezintsha zivame ukuqhakaza ngenkathi yokuqala.

Ukuhlobisa ingadi. © Ubumnyama

Imbewu ivame ukusabalalisa izinhlobo zezitshalo ezikhule njengonyaka kanye nonyaka wezinto eziphilayo. Imvamisa zithengiswa njengezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, okusho ukuthi, kwaziwa kusengaphambili ukuthi izitshalo ezikhulwe kusuka ezinhlanyelweni zingaba ngumbala ongafani nalutho ngombala.

Imbewu yezithelo zomzimba zisetshenziswa futhi zisezinyoni zatshalwa ngo-Ephreli - ngoMeyi ezimbizeni ezinomhlabathi wesihlabathi. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokuhluma kwamachibi amaningi liyi-16-20 ºº. Izithombo zibuthakathaka, ngakho-ke, amabhodwe ayadingeka ukuze angalahli izithombo. Lapho nje kuvela amaqabunga amaqabunga ama-3-4 kulezi zinhlanyelo, zidluliselwa ngokucophelela zibe ngamabhodwe amasha noma esikoleni lapho izitshalo zihlala khona kuze kube yilapho zitshala endaweni engapheli entwasahlobo elandelayo. Akunconyelwe ukutshala ama-clove ngokushesha endaweni ehlala njalo ngenxa yokuthi ikhula kancane, futhi mhlawumbe izolahleka noma ihlanganiswe nokhula ngesikhathi sezilimo ezingandile, noma ezinye zazo zizofa ngenxa yokuqina kwezilimo. Uma kunesidingo, ama-clove angama-perennial angahlwanyelwa endaweni evulekile ngezikhathi ezimbili - ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngaphambi kobusika. Ekuhlwanyeni kwentwasahlobo, izinhlobo eziningi ziyavela isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, ngokutshala ubusika - amasonto angama-1-2 ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa. Ngonyaka wokuqala, ama-perennials akha ama-rosette, ubusika ngale ndlela futhi aqhakaza ngonyaka olandelayo.

Ama-clove waminyaka yonke weqembu le-Shabo, ama-clove amaShayina akhula njengonyaka, atshalwa ngoJanuwari - ngoFebhuwari emabhokisini emazingeni okushisa ayi-12-15 ° C engxenyeni equkethe ishidi, inhlabathi enobumba nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso esiyi-1: 2: 1. Ukukhethwa kwenziwa lapho amaqabunga okuqala eqiniso evela engxube efanayo ngokufakwa kwe-humus. Izitshalo ziqukethe ukushisa okungu-8-12 “C ezindaweni ezigqamile, noma ngaphezu kwalokho kukhanyise. Ngo-Ephreli, izitshalo zithathwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, ezitshalwe emhlabathini ngoMeyi.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Izifo zegciwane zisakazekile, ikakhulukazi eningizimu.

Izimpawu zesifo: Izitshalo ezisele ngemuva ekukhuleni, zithela izithelo kabi, izitho zazo ezithile zonakalisiwe, ukufakwa imibala kwamahlamvu kuyabonakala. Umgomo wokutheleleka ugcinwa ezitshalweni futhi udluliselwa ngesikhathi sokusikwa, kanye nezinambuzane ezincelayo (ama-cicadas, ama-aphid, izimbungulu).
Izindlela zokulawula: Ukutshala ama-clove kusuka ezinhlanyelweni; ukukhethwa kokusikwa ezitshalweni okunempilo; ukususwa kanye nokubhujiswa kwezitshalo ezinesifo.

IHeterosporosis

Isifo se-Mushroom, esenzeka kaningi kumavashi amaDashi. Izimpawu zalesi sifo zivezwa iqiniso lokuthi emaqabungeni, isiqu, izimbali zezimbali nezimbali, amabala amancane, ayindilinga ngombala onsomi onsundu kwesinye isikhathi avele nomugqa obomvu. Kamuva, amabala akhanya enkabeni futhi azungezwe izicubu ze-chlorotic. Uma amabala ahlangana, athatha imiphetho yamaqabunga ngendlela yama-semicircles. Ngokukhula okuqinile kwalesi sifo, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, omile, iziqu ezindaweni ezinamabala aqhekeke kalula, izimbali azimbi noma azithuthukisi nhlobo. Isikhunta sigcinwa kudoti wesitshalo.
Izindlela zokulawula: Ukubhujiswa kwemfucumfucu yesitshalo, ukutshala ama-clove endaweni eyodwa isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emibili, gwema ukutshala okuvundile, ukufafaza ngamakhethini njalo ngeBordeaux ketshezi noma i-chloroxide yethusi ngokwezindlela ezichazwe ohlwini lwama-ejenti wamakhemikhali, izitshalo zokugqoka ezinomanyolo we-phosphorus-potassium.