Ngezindlela eziningi, izindlela zokunakekela i-pearl ziyafana nezenzo zezolimo zokutshala izihlahla zeapula. Kodwa-ke, kukhona umehluko othile kubuchwepheshe bezolimo bokutshala kwalezi zihlahla zezithelo. Ukuze unakekele amapharele ngokufanele, njengoba kudingwa yizici zalesi siko, kubalulekile ukuthi unake ukuthi ngesikhathi esishisayo nesomile, ukuqhakaza kwalezi zihlahla kudlula ngokushesha, futhi kudingeka ungaphuthelwa isikhathi sokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kusuka kuzilokazane.
Iparele linezici zalo ezithile zokuhleleka. Uma kuqhathaniswa nomuthi we-apula, umuthi weparele unesiqu esishiwo nomumo womqhele ocindezelwe kakhudlwana. Uhlelo lwezimpande zesihlahla sethanga lubaluleke kakhulu, lungena lujule enhlabathini. Ubuningi bezimpande butholakala enhlabathini ngokujula kwama-20-80 cm, futhi ohlangothini oluyimpande izimpande zigcina isikhala izikhathi eziyi-1.5-2 ububanzi bomqhele.
Funda ukuthi ungawanakekela kanjani amapheya engadini kuleli khasi.
Izici zamapheya akhulayo: izidingo zenhlabathi
Efaneleka kakhulu ithini lamapheya aqinile, avundile, aqukethe humus, nenhlabathi ene-acidic noma engathathi hlangothi. I-Peat engamukeleki, ama-peat bogs, nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-carbonates. Futhi, enye yezidingo eziphambili zenhlabathi yamapheya akhulayo ukushoda kwezinga eliphakeme lamanzi aphansi komhlaba. Ibekezelela ukukhanya okukhulu (isihlabathi, amatshe amatshe kanye namatshe amatshe). Izihlahla zamaparele ezitshalwe emithambekeni ziphila isikhathi eside futhi zithela kangcono izithelo.
Ngonyaka wokutshala izihlahla, umanyolo awusetshenziswa enhlabathini. Ngonyaka we-2-3 ngemuva kokutshala entwasahlobo, umanyolo we-nitrogen ufakwa kwimibuthano yesiqu ngesilinganiso se-12-18 g se-urea (urea) noma i-17-25 g ye-ammonium nitrate nge-1 m2. Eminyakeni engu-4-5 neselandelayo, kuyadingeka ukunikeza umanyolo wamaminerali ogcwele we-6 g / m2 wento esebenzayo (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium). Umanyolo we-organic usetshenziswa kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-3-4.
Abalimi bavame ukusebenzisa izithombo ezithengiwe. Ukuzala kungasheshiswa kusetshenziswa indlela yokugoma. Isitokwe esihle kakhulu ukwanda kwama pears zasendle zasendle (izimbumbulu), ezake zabangelwa ngokuhlukile.
Abalimi abaningi batshala iparele kumlotha ovamile wezintaba, umhluzi wethanga, i-hawthorn.
Ngokungahambelani komzimba we-scion ngesitoko (imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka lapho iparele lifakwa emthini wesihlahla se-apula), futhi uma kwenzeka kudonswa isiqu noma igatsha ngocingo noma ngentambo, amaqabunga ashintsha umbala maphakathi nehlobo kusuka kokuluhlaza kuya kobomvu) bese ewa. Amagatsha ngamanye noma isihlahla sonke siyafa.
Ngama-rowline asehlathini, izinhlobonhlobo zokukhetha ze-TSHA zinokuhambisana okwanele: Cathedral, Lada, Moskvichka, Otradnenskaya, Memory of Zhigalov, Potapovskaya, Chizhovskaya nabanye abaningi.
Imiphumela ethembeke kakhulu esifundeni esingewona iBlack Earth inikezwa ngokutshala kwentwasahlobo. Enye yezimpawu zamapheya akhulayo ukuthi izithombo zikubekezelela ngokunembe ukudunwa. Ngonyaka wokutshala, kunezimpande ezimbalwa kakhulu ezithambile ezimpandeni zamathambo, kanti ezinye izihlahla azinazo ngisho nezinwele zezimpande. Ngenxa yalokhu, amaqabunga awavuli ngokuphelele noma avule sekwedlule isikhathi. Futhi ngonyaka wesibili kuphela ngemuva kokutshala, ngokuya ngokubuyiselwa okuyingxenye kohlelo lwempande, ingxenye yomoya iqala ukukhula.
Ukunakekelwa kwethanga ngemuva kokutshala eMhlabeni okungewona omnyama
Lapho unakekela amapheya ngemuva kokutshala, gcina ukhumbula ukuthi ukuqunjelwa kwezimo zeNhlabathi engeyona iBlack kuya kuqala kumazinga okushisa asezingeni eliphakeme nsuku zonke ngaphezulu kuka-6 ° C ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Izithelo ziqhakaza ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambili kunezo zemifino. Ngezinga lokushisa elifanayo, ukukhula kwezimpande kuqala, kufinyelela ezingeni lokushisa elingu-10-20 ° C.
Entwasahlobo, amaqabunga aqala ukukhula ngasikhathi sinye, futhi ngesikhathi sokubola iminyaka yawo ayifani. Lesi ngesinye sezimbangela zokuwa kwamaqabunga angenabungani ngesikhathi sokuwa kweqabunga - isigaba sokugcina sokukhula kwezitshalo zezithelo.
Iparele liqala ukuqhakaza ezinsukwini ezi-2-5 ngaphambi kwesihlahla se-apula. Ezimweni ze-non-Chernozem Territory, lokhu kubonwa engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni, cishe izinsuku eziyi-15-30 ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lenyuka laya ku-15-18 ° C. Esikhathini esishisayo esomile, ukuqhakaza kwethanga kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-3-5, kuyilapho kubanda futhi kunomswakama - ngaphezu kwamasonto amabili. Uma izimbali ezivuliwe ziwela ngaphansi sekwephuzile kwentwasahlobo, khona-ke amabala okugqwala nezindandatho emva kwalokho akha izithelo.
Lapho unakekela ithini lamapheya amancane, ungakhohlwa ukuthi, ngasikhathi sinye ngezimbali, ukukhula okukhulu kwamahlumela kuqala. Kuhlala cishe izinyanga ezimbili. Ukukhula kwamahlumela kuyaphela, njengakuzo zonke izitshalo zezithelo, lapho kwakhiwa ihlumela elingabekezeleleki.
Kwaphawuleka ukuthi ukukhula kwethanga kwaba nomthelela omuhle emasimini omlotha wentaba iNevezhinsky.
Ungayinakekela kanjani iparele encane: izihlahla ezifanele
Ngonyaka wokutshala, ipharele likhula buthakathaka futhi licishe lingadingi izihlahla entwasahlobo. Ukuze unakekele ithini lamapheya njengoba ubuchwepheshe obufanele bezolimo buveza, ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezingxenye zezimila, lapho kukhiwa uthambo lomqhele, izihlahla ziyathenwa. Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo nehlobo, wonke amagatsha abonakele ebusika ayanqunywa futhi ancishiswe abe yingxenye enempilo, lapho amaqabunga angakhi.
Lapho ukhula futhi unakekela ithini lamapheya, ukugawulwa kwezihlahla zezithelo kungenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ezithinta ubude besikhathi sezithelo nokukhulisa isivuno. Isiginali sokufinyeza kwamagatsha kuwo wonke umkhawulo wethala ukuncipha kobude bokukhula kube ngu-20-25 cm.
Izihlahla zezinhlobo eziningi zamaparele zinokuqhakaza okuhle nokubuna okuluhlaza. Ungawanakekela kanjani lamapheya amancane kangaka? Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza izithelo, zidluliselwa ngendlela efanayo nezihlahla zama-apula ngohlobo lwezithelo (i-Grushovka Moscow, Julayi Chernenko, Spartak, njll.). Ezihlahleni ezinomqhele we-pyramidal onezithelo ezigcwele, kunconywa ukusikwa kwamagatsha amakhulu kuphela.
