Eminyakeni yamuva, ama-callas engadi atholakala kakhulu ezingadini. Bathola ukunakwa ngenani elikhulayo labalimi ngenxa yokuthi abaneli ukubukeka okukhangayo kuphela, kodwa futhi nezimbali ezinde impela. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu kufanele benze izimo ezinhle. Ngokuyisisekelo, lesi sitshalo asikukhuthazi, nokho, esimweni sokukhula futhi siyinakekele kunezimo ezithile okufanele ukuba wonke umtshali azi ngazo uma efuna ama-callas amjabulise njalo ngesizini efihlekile.
Izingadi ezingadi
Kuyiphutha ukubheka iminduze ye-calla njengemplant yendlu. Lo mbono uphikiswa yizinhlobo zezingadi, ezingakhula kahle emhlabathini ovulekile, uma zinikezwa izimo ezifanele.
Futhi ukuqaphela lo mbono kuyinto enengqondo impela, noma ngabe iqiniso lokuthi indawo yokuzalwa yalokhu omele umndeni we-aroid uyindawo ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Afrika. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ama-callas aqhakaza kuphela ebusika obufudumele. Ngokwesimo sezulu sethu, lezi zitshalo zizizwa zizilungele engadini noma ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka, zikhombise ngokuphelele izakhiwo zazo zokuhlobisa entwasahlobo nasehlobo.
Uma ujwayelene nemithetho yokukhula kwe-dahlias, khona-ke cishe ngeke ube nezinkinga ezinkulu ngama-callas. Yize i-dahlias yabatshali bezimbali ezifuywayo ibonakala ingenye yezitshalo zendabuko, iminduze ye-calla, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-calla emhlophe, ayivelakancane ezigcawini. Ungakulungiselela kanjani ukutshala lezi zimbali?
Ukukhetha izinto zokutshala
Okokuqala, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi uluhlobo luni lwama-callas ongathanda ukungena kwisiza sakho. Ngeke kube nzima kangako ukuxazulula le nkinga, ubheka ukuthi namuhla ezitolo lezi zimbali zivezwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, ngakho-ke cishe uzothola phakathi kwazo izinhlobonhlobo ozithandayo kakhulu. Uma siphendukela enkambisweni yokukhula kwama-callas ezweni lethu, lapho abalimi bavame ukukhetha lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- UCalla Rehmanni (uCalla rehmannii);
- UCalla waseTopiya (uCalla aethiopica).
Phakathi kwezinhlobo zasengadini, izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu ezisuselwa kuminduze we-calla yase-Ethiopia. Noma kunjalo, khumbula lokho lesi sitshalo kuyinto exotic, ngakho-ke ngeke kube lula ukusikhulisa. Kepha ngokunakekela okufanele, ungathola izitshalo ezinkulu kakhulu ukuya kufinyelela kumitha eyi-1, ezihlotshiswe ngezimbali ezinkulu, kusuka ezinhlanyelweni.
Imithetho yokukhetha
Ukuze uzisindise ebunzimeni obungadingekile enqubweni yokukhula nokunakekela ama-callas, udinga ukuya kahle ekukhetheni izinto zokutshala ezifanele. Unganquma ama-calla tubers asayizi ngosayizi wawo: akumele abe makhulu ngokwanele kuphela, kodwa futhi futhi angabi nezimpawu zokuqhuma noma ukubola.
Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi lezi zimbali ngeke zife ngonyaka wokuqala, Kunconywa ukusebenzisa nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezikhule ngesimo sezulu sethu. Ngakho-ke, kungakuhle ukuthola ama-callas "wendawo" njengezinto zokutshala. Uma uzama ukukhula ngalezi zimbali ezivela ezitshalweni ezilethiwe, khona-ke noma ngabe zithathe izimpande, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ukuqhakaza kwazo kuphilele okulindelwe. Futhi, cishe, izimbali zokuqala ezitshalweni ezinjalo zizovela maduze kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
Ungazitshala kanjani izimbali futhi kuphi?
Izindawo ezikhethiwe kakhulu zokukhula kwama-callas engadini yizindawo ezifudumele ezinelanga lapho kuzokwakhelwa khona izimbali okuhle. Kuyinto engathandeki ukubeka izitshalo ezimweni ezithile zomthunzi, kulezi zitshalo, izindawo lapho zizothola khona isilinganiso esikhulu sokukhanya kwelanga zilungele kangcono. Kepha uma endaweni ekhethiwe usuku lonke imisebe evuthayo izowela izimbali, kungakuhle ukuthi uzenzele isithunzi ukuze ugweme ukushiswa kwamaqabunga. Udinga futhi nokunakekela ukuvikelwa emimoyeni, ngoba okusalungiswa kungalimaza namakhefu.
Kuyadingeka ukunaka ukwakheka kwenhlabathi: kumele ivunde kakhulu futhi ibe nokusabela okuncane kwe-asidi. Kepha uma ufaka umanyolo we-organic, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqaphele isilinganiso, ngoba ukugcwala ngokweqile kwabo kuzoholela kumphumela ophambene ngokuphelele. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kuthinta i-nitrogen, inani ngokweqile okungathinta kakhulu ukuqhakaza kwezimbali. Uma kungekho ezinye izindawo ezifanele, ama-callas angatshalwa emhlabathini wobumba: ngaphambi kokutshala, i-peat nesihlabathi, kuthathwe ngamanani alinganayo, kufanele kufakwe kuyo.
Imvamisa, ama-callas engadi atshalwa entwasahlobo. Kakade ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaMeyi, isimo sezulu esintofontofo siyasungulwa, lapho ama-bulbs angangena ngokushesha bese aqala ukukhula.
Kodwa-ke, udinga ukuqaphela isikhathi, ngoba isithwathwa sokugcina singalimaza izitshalo ezisencane. Amapayipi anobunzulu obungu-5-10 cm alungiselelwe ukutshala. Kusukela kulo mzuzu, aqala ukunakekela izimbali. Futhi ukuhlinzwa kokuqala okuzodingeka kwenziwe kuzobe kunisela.
Izici Zokufika
Lapho utshala nezilimo eziyizigaxa ze-callas engadini, kubalulekile ukulondolozela ukujula okuphezulu, okufanele kube ngu-10 cm. Izitshalo zinconywa ukuba zingabekwa eduze kuka-30-40 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ngesikhathi sokutshala izimbali, akudingekile ukuthi usebenzise inhlabathi, uyihlanganise noma ucindezela ama-bulbs uqobo enhlabathini. Udinga nje ukuzibeka emithonjeni elungiselelwe, bese ugcwalisa inhlabathi ngenhla.
Futhi, abatshali bezimbali abaningi basebenza ngendlela yokukhula kwama-callas ngokuhluma. Lokhu kuzodinga imbiza yesikhashana, lapho kutshalwa khona nezilimo eziyizigaxa, ngemuva kwalokho inakekelwa kuze kube yilapho sezithunyelwa endaweni ehlala njalo. Eminyakeni ethile, ngale ndlela yokukhula ama, ama-callas ngokuvamile aqala ukuqhakaza ngisho nangaphambi komzuzu ofanele wokufakelwa engadini.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa zidluliselwa ezimbizeni ekupheleni kukaMashi.noma kunjalo, kubalulekile lapha ukukhetha usayizi ofanele wesitsha. Njengengxube yenhlabathi, kusetshenziswa inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo yezithombo, etholakala ezitolo zezimbali. Ukunakekela ama-bulbs ezimbizeni akuhlukile kunendlela yendabuko yezimbali ezikhulayo:
- Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukugcina inhlabathi inomswakama ngokuyinkambisa izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesonto;
- ngisho nangaphambi kokuba isikhathi sokufakelwa kwezimbali zingene emhlabathini ovulekile, kubalulekile ukwenza lukhuni izigaxa ezinsukwini ezingama-7-8;
- ngqo ngosuku lapho ama-calla ahlelwe ukuthi atshalwe, udinga ukususa izitshalo ngokucophelela ebhodweni, uzama ukugcina uhlelo lwempande lungasebenzi.
Ungayinakekela kanjani izimbali ezitshaliwe?
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ama-callas ayisitshalo esishisayo, ngakho-ke adinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Uma ubanakekela kahle ama-callas engadi, lapho-ke ngokuvamile aqala ukuqhakaza ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5-2 ukusuka esikhathini sokufakelwa kwawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sigaba sihlala kuze kufike ekwindla.
Ukunakekelwa okufanele kwama-callas engadini kuhlobene ngqo nezici zawo zomzimba: esikhathini sokuqala sokuphila, ama-callas asebenzisa amandla ekwakhekeni kohlelo lwezimpande, futhi yilapho kuphela lapho sebeqala ukuhluma. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela ukwakheka kwezimpande okungalungile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, gcina nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezitshalwe kabusha kumodi "eyomile" kumaviki amabili okuqala. Inkomba yokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuqala ukuthambisa kuzoba ukwakhiwa kwezihlumela zokuqala. Imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka kuphela emavikini angama-2-3,5. Ama-callas amanzi kudingeka aqaphele kakhulu, azama ukugwema umswakama on the nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Indlela elula yokubona lesi simo ukunisela inhlabathi ezungeze imiphetho.
Ukuchelela okuvame ukwenziwa kungenziwa esiteji kuphela lapho amaqabunga akha ama-tubers. Kepha lapha, njengakuqala, ukuchelela kufanele kube ngokulinganayo. Imvamisa, ama-callas anele ukuniselwa izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto, noma kunjalo, ngokuya ngesimo sezulu samanje, inani le-waterings lingahluka.
Imisebenzi eyinhloko enakekela ukunakekelwa kwekholi ifaka:
- ukuchelela;
- ukugqoka okuphezulu;
- ukhula;
- ethukulula inhlabathi.
Okokuqala, kumanyolo kufakwa emhlabathini esiteji sokutshala izimbali. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungasebenzisa amaminerali ayinkimbinkimbi umanyolo ofakwe emhlabathini ngokuhambisana nohlelo - 30- 40 gr. kwisikwele esisodwa. m. Lesi silinganiso somanyolo sizokwanela izitshalo ukuze singantuli izakhi zomzimba ngesikhathi sasehlobo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kuma-callas, uhlobo olufanele kunazo zonke inhlabathi ene-acidic, ngakho-ke okungenani izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngesizini, kuyadingeka ukunisela nge-citric noma i-acetic acid, engezwa enanini lesipuni esisodwa sebhakede lamanzi.
Ama-callas angamalungu eqembu lalezo zitshalo ezingadali nkathazo ngisho nangezikhathi zokuvikela ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni. Iqiniso ngukuthi bayamelana nanoma yikuphi ukuboniswa kwangaphandle kwalolu hlobo. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-callas angaba nentshisekelo kwizimhlophe, kepha, azizilimazi kakhulu izimbali.
Ungakugcina kanjani ukumba izigaxa ze-calla engadini?
Ukutshala nokunakekela izimbali kubandakanya imicimbi eyehlukene kuyo yonke inkathi. Ekwindla, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela ama-ubusika. Imvamisa baqala ukwenza lokhu ngoSepthemba. Ama-Tubers adinga ukumba ngaphambi kwesimo sezulu esibandayo sokuqala. Lapho ugaya ama-tubers, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ukuthi ungalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeka acwengwe umhlaba futhi ugezwe. Yonke le misebenzi kumele yenziwe ngokunakekelwa okukhethekile, ngoba izimpande ezintekenteke kulula kakhulu ukuzilimaza. Imvamisa ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka kusekho amaqabunga ku-nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezingashiywa.
Ngemuva kwalokho, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zezindunduma zengadi zigcinwa egumbini elikhethekile lapho zigcinwa khona amasonto amabili. Kufanele zigcinwe ekushiseni kwama- + 5 kuya ku- + degrees. Lesi sikhathi sanele ukuba amaqabunga adlulise izakhi ezanqwabelaniswa ku-nezilimo eziyizigaxa.
Isiphetho
Yize abalimi abaningi bezwile ngama-callas asengadini, akuwona wonke umuntu onesifiso sokubakhulisa esizeni sabo. Ukuntuleka kokuzimisela kungachazwa yisimo esingajabulisi salezi zimbali, izwe lakubo okuyindawo eshisayo yase-Afrika. Ngakho-ke, akuyena wonke umlimi ongaqiniseka ngomphumela omuhle walo mcimbi. Kepha lokhu akuyona inkinga enkulu, ngoba ama-callas asendaweni angasetshenziswa ukukhulisa lezi zimbali ezinwebweni zethu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nqubo ingasheshiswa uma iqala ukuhluma kumabhodwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Lapho igagasi lokugcina lesithwathwa lidlula ngoMeyi, ungabatshala endaweni ehlala njalo, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuthi uhlelo lwabo lwezimpande lungalinyazwa ngamakhaza. Kulula futhi nokunakekela lezi zimbali, ngoba maqondana nazo, imicimbi ejwayelekile iyadingeka. Kepha nalapha ngeke zibangele inkathazo enkulu kumhlwanyeli, ngoba ngeke futhi abhekane nezilokazane nezifo, okuyilapho izingadi zasendle zingamelana kakhulu nazo.
