Isimbali sezimbali ze-Nasturtium Ukulinywa kwe-nasturtium kusuka imbewu emhlabathini ovulekileINasturtium yavela eYurophu ibonga izindela zamaJesuit maphakathi nekhulu le-16, futhi kakade ngekhulu le-18 abaseYurophu babengazi nje ngomhlobiso omuhle, kodwa futhi nangokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu nokwakha izakhiwo zalesi sitshalo. Igama livela kwigama lesiLatini elithi 'trophic elincane' ngenxa yesimo esinjenge-isigqoko sezinye izingxenye imbali.
Igama iCapuchin lisuse izimpande eJalimane: ukwakheka okungafani nalokhu komoya njengokwesisekelo salokhu. I-hood ne-capuchin zingabafowethu. Ezingadini zethu, wabonakala kanyekanye namazambane kanye nommbila, sekuyisikhathi eside engumholi ethandwa phakathi kwezimbali zasengadini amashumi amaningi eminyaka. INasturtium ijabule ngokuqhakaza kwethu imbala ngisho nogogo bethu kanye nogogo bethu. Ugcotshwa ubumnandi emibhedeni yezingane zasenkulisa nasezikoleni, ngoba kuyimbali engabekeki, ngakho-ke ukunakekelwa akunzima futhi kuncishisiwe, ngisho nakumntwana wesikole.
I-Nasturtium - iphalethi elikhanyayo lemibala engadini yakho
I-Nasturtium, iCapuchin (Tropaeolum) - lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-90 zemvelo yama-herbaceous, azalwe eCentral naseNingizimu Melika, iMedithera. Izitshalo ezingabekezeleleki, ezinezimbali ezinhle kakhulu zemithunzi ehlukahlukene ukusuka ophuzi kuya kokubomvu, zikhula njengonyaka ngesimo samasethi acwebile noma amadili. Isiqu siyakhamba noma sikhuphuka size sibe ngamamitha ayi-3. Uhlelo lwezimpande lubaluleke kakhulu, lubekwe ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zenhlabathi.
Amaqabunga makhulu, ehlukile, ama-thyroid noma ama-lanceate, aqukethe imifino emide emaphethweni amade, aluhlaza okotshani noma obomvu. Izimbali zikhulu, zodwa, zinezikhathi ezimbili, ezisekelweni ezinde, ezisezandleni zamaqabunga. Iqhakaza kusuka ngasekupheleni kukaJuni kuya esiqandisini sokuqala. Izithelo zinezikhala ezintathu, ziqukethe izigaxa zezinhlamvu ezinomzimba owodwa ezinendawo enamanzi amaningi kanye negobolondo eliluhlaza ophuzi oluhlaza okotshani.
Ukulima nokunakekela ngaphandle
Ama-Nasturtiums atshalwa ngaphandle emabhodweni, amantombazane wezimbali, emibhedeni yezimbali. Izinhlobo ezingama-Curly nezinwabuzelayo - kumabhasikidi okulenga, kwizisekeli. Ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu - uthango lwe-nasturtium lusebenza njengesikrini esihle kakhulu ehlobo. Izindawo zokuqala ezinamanzi akhanyiswe kahle, nenhlabathi emangele.
Emasimini avundiswe kakhulu, athuthukisa iziqu ezinamandla namaqabunga kulimaze izimbali. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukuthambisa ejwayelekile kuyadingeka. Ngokuntuleka komswakama, ukhula kabi, ungaqhakaze isikhathi eside. Njalo emavikini amathathu zondliwa ngenani elilinganiselwe lamanyolo angenamaminerali. Isiko alizukubekezelela umanyolo omusha we-organic, lime, umanyolo we-nitrogen ngokweqile, kanye nokugcwala kwamanzi.
Izimbali ezithandwa isikhathi, izitshalo ezonakele nezigulayo ziyasuswa. Lokhu kuvusa ukwakhiwa kwama-buds amasha. Ayimelani namazinga okushisa aphansi: izimbali azikwazi ukuma ngisho namaqhwa akhanyayo.
Khula i-nasturtium kusuka enhlanyelweni Lapho ukutshala enhlabathini nezithombo
Isithombe sembewu yeNasturtium
Ukutshala imbewu ye-nasturtium emhlabathini
Izinhlobo zonyaka zitshalwa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Zingahlwanyelwa endaweni evulekile nevikelwe kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Mashi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Umbhede ulungiswa ngokuvula umhlabathi ngokuphelele bese ugcwalisa imisele emva kuka-20-25 cm. Imbewu ezinkulu zikhulu ze-nasturtium zitshalwa ngokujula kuka-2-3 cm bese imisele imbozwe ohlangothini oluhlekile lwe-rake. Ibanga phakathi kwezimbewu kufanele okungenani libe yi-8-10 cm ukuze kutholakale izithombo ezigcwele zokutshala endaweni ehlala njalo.
Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, ngeke kube yinto engelutho ukumboza umbhede engadini ngefilimu, ukubeka ama-arcs, noma ukwakha i-rampart yobumba eceleni kwepharamitha, ucindezele ifilimu ngetshe noma ngezitini phansi. Lapho kuvela izithombo, kuzodingeka ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwegreenhouse alikhuphuki ngaphezu kuka-25 ° C, amanzi ngesikhathi. Ngoba amazinga okushisa aphezulu, ukushiswa yilanga nokuntuleka komswakama nakho akulimizi kangako kunokushisa okungahambi kahle. Lapho kwenzeka izinsuku ezifudumele, ifilimu iyasuswa phakathi nosuku, ukuvikela izitshalo kuphela ebusuku uma kuneqhwa kungazelelwe.
Ukutshala imbewu yeNasturtium lapho utshala amahlumela wezithombe
Ungatshala i-nasturtium emhlabathini ngokushesha endaweni eyiyo, unethemba lokuthi ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla kufanele libe lihle: cishe ngama-40-50 cm.Ungagcini indawo, uma kungenjalo, izitshalo zizocindezela omunye komunye, zithuthukiswe kahle futhi azihlobisi kangako. Ukutshala i-nasturtium emhlabathini ovulekile ngokushesha embhedeni wezimbali kwenziwa kuphela lapho kubuya isithwathwa sasebusuku: imbewu izokhuphuka ngokushesha bese ilinyazwa yiqhwa, uma ingavikelwe. Ngokuya esifundeni, lokhu kungaba ukuphela kukaMeyi - ukuqala kukaJuni.
Ukukhula kwe-nasturtium kusuka imbewu yezithombo zezithombo ekhaya
Ungatshala kanjani imbewu ye-nasturtium yezithombo zezithombe
INasturtium ihlwanyelwa kuzithombo ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli Imbewu engu-1-2 emabhodweni we-peat noma ezibhebheni. Ungasebenzisa inhlabathi evulekile yezitshalo zezimbali, uzigcwalise ngezindebe ezijwayelekile zezithombo. Ukujula kokushumeka kungamasentimitha 1. Ngemuva kokutshala, qiniseka ukuwunisela, ubeke izinkomishi ewindini laseningizimu, lapho kuzoba khona ukukhanya nokushisa okwanele. Ungamboza imbewu ngefilimu ukudala izimo zokugcina ukushisa, kepha lapho ukuhluma kwenzeka, kufanele kususwe. Amahlumela avela ezinsukwini eziyi-10-12. Uma imbewu emibili itshalwe, kukhethwa ihlumela elinamandla kakhudlwana, bese kusikwa isitshalo esibuthakathaka. Izitshalo ezikhulile zitshalwe ngoMeyi enhlabathini evundile, evulekile futhi enamanzi, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa i-coma yobumba, ebangeni elingama-40-50 cm.
Izinhlobo zama-Curly zingatshalwa kaningi- kuya ku-35 cm, kepha lokhu uma zikhula zisekelwa ngokuqondile. Imbewu eqondile ngqo ihlwanyelwa ngokuqondile emhlabathini ovulekile phakathi kwamahora angama-24 ukusuka maphakathi noMeyi. Ukupholisa kuyingozi kwi-nasturtium, ngakho-ke kungcono ukumboza izitshalo okokuqala ngqa ngefilimu noma ngezinto ezingezona ezilukiwe.
Ungayiqoqa Kanjani Imbewu YeNasturtium
I-Nasturtium ivame ukunikeza i-self-seeding eningi, okuzoqhuma ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle ngonyaka olandelayo. Imbewu zivunwa ngemuva kokuqhakaza, zigcina ukusebenza okungenani iminyaka emi-4. Basuswa kumakhophi athandwa kakhulu. Imbewu evuthiwe inombala onsundu. Ngemuva kokuqoqa, zomiswa, zigcinwe ezikhwameni zamaphepha. Izinhlobo ze-perennial zitshalwa entwasahlobo (izitshalo ezingama-5-7 ngesitsha esingu-30-45 cm endaweni eyi-15-20 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye) zifakwe ku-windows sill.
Ubusika bama-nasturtiums wesikhathi eside nokugcinwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa
Ilungiselela i-nasturtium yama-tubers wezithombe wasebusika
Ekwindla, izihlahla zigawulwa phansi. Futhi ezimweni ezibanda kakhulu, ama-tubers ayambiwa agcinwe endaweni epholile ebhokisini elinepiyipi elomile.
Ukusakazeka kwesithombe se-tuber yeNasturtium
Izinhlobo ze-perennial zisakazwa ngokuhlukaniswa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ngoMashi. Emva kwalokho, zibekelwe ukuhluma noma zitshalwe ngokushesha emabhodweni anomhlabathi onempilo, kuthi emva kwezinsuku ezifudumele zithathwe ziye ezitaladini. Izinhlobo zasendulo zalobu buhle bezindawo ezishisayo zisanda kuqala ukunqoba imakethe, ngenkathi zaziwa kancane.
Ukusakazeka kwe-nasturtium ngokusika
Ukusika kwesithombe se-nasturtium
INasturtium ingagawulwa. Le ndlela isetshenziswa ekutshalekeni kwezinhlobo ze-terry. Ama-cuttings asuka esihlabathini esimanzi noma engilazini yamanzi, ngemuva kokuwacubungula ngezimpande. Batshala i-cutlery eyi-1 engilazini, lapho itshalwe kabusha endaweni evulekile abayiphuli i-coma yobumba. Indlela eyinhloko yokusakazeka kwe-nasturtium iseyimbewu. Kuyinto elula kunazo zonke, ezingabizi, ezisetshenziswa yonke indawo.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Ishaywe yi-grey bola, bola, i-mosaic. Uma ushintsho ngendlela yephethini yokuhlobisa, ukubuna kwamaqabunga aphansi, kutholakala amabala amancane ansundu, izingxenye ezilimele zesitshalo kufanele zisuswe.
Ngeke kube yinto engelutho ukwengeza ukucubungula okutshala ngamalungiselelo akhethekile. Imvamisa, izifo zikhula ngokuqinile esimweni sezulu esishisayo nangogqinsi olungene komoya olubi. Bheka ibanga elituswa lapho uhlwanyela. Lesi ngesinye salezo zimo lapho kungcono ukutshala kaningi, khona-ke izifo eziningi ngeke zesabe ingadi yakho yezimbali.
Izinambuzane ze-nasturtium zingama-aphid, izimbuzane zesicabucabu kanye namazethi abethelwa emhlolweni. Ukuze ulwe nazo, ungasebenzisa amakhemikhali. Uma udla lesi sitshalo ukudla, sebenzisa izindlela zesintu - impova yansuku zonke yezitshalo ngenhlanganisela yomlotha nogwayi noma ukufafaza ngoviniga (1 inkomishi kaviniga we-9% noma izipuni ezi-2 zomthombo weviniga ebhakedeni lamanzi). I-Ash ingahlakazeka ezizungeze izihlahla.
INasturtium isiza ukukhulisa isivuno semifino. Ihlukanisa izinambuzane ezinambuzane, ezikhetha ngokuzithandela i-capuchin ukubeka amaqanda. Ngakho-ke, i-nasturtium ekhulayo eduze kwemibhede enemifino, uyivikela kuma-whiteflies, iklabishi levemvane, ibhungane lamazambane le-Colorado Ungahlanganisa ukutshala ngokubeka i-nasturtium exutshaniswe nezitshalo zemifino noma wenze amakhethini wokuhlobisa kuwo. INasturtium ingesinye sezimbali esifunwa kakhulu ngemuva kwezimbali zabalimi abaningi. I-uncretentious, blooms isikhathi eside futhi ijabulisa iso ngezingubo ezinhle, isebenza njengesivikelo ezinambuzaneni eziningi.
Izici eziwusizo ze-nasturtium
I-Nasturtium isetshenziswe ngempumelelo ngomuthi wesintu ukuphulukisa imithambo yegazi, ngenhloso yokuthuthukisa ukulethwa kwegazi kuya emisipha yenhliziyo, njenge-antitussive, njenge-antiseptic yezifo zohlelo lwe-genitourinary system, futhi njengenqubo ejwayelekile yokwenza umzimba. Kuyasiza kubantu asebekhulile. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-carotene nesibabule kuyo, okuyizinto ze-prophylactic ze-sclerosis. Kusetshenziswa njengomthombo wamavithamini, okwandisa inani lezinto eziphilayo zezitsha ezijwayelekile.
Amaqabunga, efihlekile, izimbali nezithelo ezingavuthiwe zinambitheka kamnandi ngendlela exakile, esisikhumbuza i-watercress. Kusetshenziswa amaqabunga nezimbali kumasaladi, amasangweji, lapho kulungiswa isobho, amasoso, izitsha eziseceleni. Izithelo ezingavuthiwe, efihlekile zikha amanzi ngokwehlukana noma zihlanganiswa neminye imifino. Imbali engaphendukiyo kudala yazuza izinhliziyo zama-cetovods ase-amateur. Akudingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ikhula ngokushesha futhi ukuqhakaza ngokuqhubekayo, ikwazi ukuguqula ngisho namakhona amancanyana kakhulu engadi abe indawo enhle enemibala.
Izinhlobonhlobo zemibala, ukutholakala kwezinto zokutshala kuzokwanelisa izimfuno zanoma yimuphi umlimi. Imilo yama-Curly isebenza njengomhlobiso omuhle kakhulu wama hedge, amagceke, kanye nalezi zindawo ezidinga ukufihlwa emehlweni enyama. Izinhlobo zeShrub zilungele ukwakheka kombhede wezimbali, imingcele, imingcele exubile. Ubulukhuni bokuzala bukhona kubatshali abangenalwazi kakhulu. Ukutshala nokunakekela i-nasturtium kungaphathiswa noma ingane.
Izinhlobo ze-nasturtium ezinencazelo nesithombe
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zama-nasturtiums anesakhiwo se-bushy kanye nokukhuphuka, ezinezimbali ezilula, eziphindwe kabili, ezinesiqingatha. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Isetshenziswa njengesiko lokuhlobisa izimbali lokutshala umakapeti, ekutshaleni ingadi mpo. Amaqabunga, imiqumbe, izithelo ezingavuthiwe zisetshenziswa njengesengezo esimnandi ekuphekeni.
I-Nasturtium Tropaeolum majus enkulu
Isithombe esihle se-Tropaeolum majus
Ukubukeka konyaka, okugogekile, okukhulisayo. Kubonakala ngokuhlaza okukhanyayo kwe-thyroid, izimbali ezibomvu noma eziphuzi nge-spur. Amaqabunga anemikhono emide, eyindilinga, engalingani, eluhlaza okotshani noma opende onsomi. Izimbali ezivame ukuzala kakhulu ezine-Glim 'ezinezimbali eziphindwe kabili, zipendwe ngamathoni e-orange. Ngokusekelwe kulolu hlobo lwezinhlobo, izinhlobo eziningi ezifuywe kumipango yomuntu siqu ziyafuywa.
I-Foreign Nasturtium Tropaeolum peregrinum
Isithombe seNasturtium Tropaeolum peregrinum zaphesheya
I-Window nasturtium evela eziqhingini zaseCanary, ukubukeka okungapheli ngezimbali eziphuzi ezingafani nomphetho onamaqabunga kanye namaqabunga e-thyroid. Uma ubusika bufudumele, ubusika buhlala kahle emhlabathini ovulekile.
I-Tuber Nasturtium Tropaeolum tuberosum
Isithombe seTuberous nasturtium Tropaeolum tuberosum isithombe
Isitshalo esikhuphukayo esinamaqabunga anamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, esimila ezindaweni ezintabeni zasePeru, eChile, eBolivia. Uma zingekho izinhlobo zokusekelwa ikhava yenhlabathi. Inezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu ezibunjiwe njenge-pear, kuba umkhiqizo obalulekile wesitashi.
Kutshalwe kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo amaNdiya. Izimbali ezi-Orenji ezisawolintshi ezi-4-5 cm ubude ezine-spur ebomvu ziyavela kamuva kunakwezinye izinhlobo. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zinkulu, ziphuzi ngephethini yemabula. Kwenziwe njengonyaka. Ekwindla, amashubhu asuswa emhlabathini, abhekiswe emoyeni ovulekile, futhi agcinwe njenge-dahlias.
