Uhlobo lweCamellia luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-80 zezitshalo zomndeni wetiye. Indawo abahlala kuyo iyindawo ezishisayo nezindawo ezisempumalanga neMpumalanga ne-Asia eseningizimu. Le mbali iqanjwe ngumbhali wayo uKamelius, owaletha eYurophu.
Izitshalo zeCamellia izihlahla noma izihlahla ezinamahlamvu ayindilinga ayindilinga, atholakala ngokubodwa noma ngababili. Izimbali ezihlakazwa ngobuningi bokubukeka obomvu zibomvu, zimhlophe futhi zibomvu, futhi kunezinhlobo ezixubile.
Abanye abameleli bohlobo bakhulelwe ukuhlobisa, ngenxa yamahlamvu nezimbali ezikhangayo.
Uma ulandela yonke imithetho yokunakekela i-camellia, ingathela nezithelo, kepha ngenxa yamaphutha ekunakekelweni, isitshalo kwesinye isikhathi asikhuli ukuthi singaba yini.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo
Camellia intaba noma sansakva (UMiyagi, tagmentoza) weza kithi evela eJapan. Isihlahla esinamagatsha amancanyana embozwe obomvu phansi, sifinyelela kumamitha amahlanu. I-foundge oval Ama-inflorescence alula, akhula afinyelela ku-7 cm ububanzi. Blooms ebusika.
Camellia Chinese noma i-synensis (Bohea, teahouse) noma isihlahla setiye. Lokhu ukubuka kwehlathi, okufinyelela kumamitha ayi-15 ukuphakama. Amahlamvu amade, okusaqanda, acwebezelayo, aluhlaza okotshani. Ama-inflorescence angama-axillary, amhlophe ngombala.
I-camellia yaseJapan endle, lesi sitshalo sifinyelela nosayizi omangalisayo wamamitha ayi-15. Isikhumulo semvelo sakhiwe, sibumbekile, sinombala, luhlaza okotshani, kepha izinhlobo ezinombala ohlukanisiwe ziyafuywa. Izimbali azinkulu kakhulu, zilula, ziphindwe kabili noma zimbili. Iqhakaza ebusika nasentwasahlobo yokuqala.
Ngokuqondene nezinhlobonhlobo, okulandelayo kuyathandwa:
- Camellia Alba Simplex,
- Camellia Pink ukuphelela,
- ICamellia I-Easter Morn yaseJapan,
- Camellia Debbie,
- ICellellia Shayela i-California,
- Camellia Dream Girl.
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kweCamellia
Lapho unakekela i-camellia ekhaya, kufanele uhambisane nemithetho yokuyinakekela.
ICamellia ithande ukukhanya okukhanya okugqamile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyibeka kumawindi asentshonalanga noma asempumalanga. Ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu, imbali izohlupheka ngokukhanya ngokweqile futhi izodinga ukuvikelwa emisebeni eqondile, futhi ohlangothini olusenyakatho lwe-camellia kuzoba nokushoda kokukhanya kwe-banal.
Ukuze uthuthukise ukukhula, udinga ukuvula isitsha nesitshalo ngezikhathi ezithile, kepha ungakwenzi lokhu lapho kuvela amaqhekeza esiqwini - ngenxa yalokhu, azowa.
Ehlobo, i-camellia ingumbono omuhle wokuyidlulisela engadini noma kuvulandi, kodwa ibekwe ukuze ilanga lingakhanyi ngqo kuyo.
Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, izinga lokushisa lomoya lokukhula kwezimbali ezinhle kufanele libe ngama-degree angama-20-25. Ukuze ama-buds aqale ukuvela, azodinga ukuthi ancishiswe abe ngama-degrees ayi-18, futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza ebusika, i-thermometer akufanele idlule +12. Uma kufudumele kakhulu, khona-ke imbali ingalahlekelwa ukuqhuma.
Futhi, imbali ayithandi ukushuba komoya, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi igumbi elinayo lingene umoya.
Ukunisela i-camellias
Lezi zimbali azithandi umswakama owedlulele - zidinga amanzi amaningi, kepha ukuthambisa kumele kufane futhi kufezwe lapho phezulu kwenhlabathi yomile. Kuyadingeka ukunisela ngamanzi axazululiwe, okungcono imvula, ukuze ithambe.
Ebusika, ukuthambisa kufanele kube nomkhawulo, ngaphandle kwalokho i-acidization yenhlabathi kungenzeka. Lokhu kungabonakala uma amaqabunga ephenduka ansundu bese ama-buds ewa. Uma amaqabunga eqala ukuwa, khona-ke ukuthambisa kungenzeka kwakunganele.
I-Indoor camellia ithanda umswakama ophezulu, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukubeka iziqukathi ngesitshalo emgqonyeni wephepha elimnyama lokulandela, kanye nokufafaza amahlamvu. Ukufafaza ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ungavumeli amanzi ukuba ungene kuma-inflorescence.
Ukufaka umquba kanye nokuthena ama-camellias
Gcoba i-camellia yasekhaya njalo ngezinsuku ezingama-20 unyaka wonke. Sebenzisa le ngubo ephezulu yamaminerali.
Ukuthuthukisa ukukhula kwezinso, isitshalo sidinga ukulungiswa. Lo msebenzi wenziwa ekugcineni kokuwa kwamaqabunga.
Ukufakelwa kweCamellia
Izimbali ezincane zitshalwa minyaka yonke. Ezitshalweni ezindala, le nqubo yenziwa kanye njalo eminyakeni embalwa.
Ukusebenza kudinga ukwenziwa entwasahlobo, kanye nako kuncipha amahlumela, ukuze amagatsha akhule kangcono. Inhlabathi ikhethwa i-acidic cishe i-5 pH, kodwa futhi ingakhula enhlabathini nge-acidity ngaphansi kwe-4.
Ungathenga inhlabathi, noma ungazenza ngokwakho ngokuxuba i-peat, iqabunga kanye nenhlabathi yefudu nesihlabathi esikalini 2: 2: 1: 1. Ungakhohlwa ukwenza ungqimba oluhle lwamanzi ebhodweni.
Imbewu ye-Camellia
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ezimbizeni ezincane ezingama-5 cm, isitsha esisodwa. Ngokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga angempela, izithombo zingena ezimbizeni ezinkulu. Lapho zisakhula, ukufakelwa ezitsheni ezinkulu kwenziwa futhi. Khumbula ukuthi lapho isabalalisa ngembewu, izici zokuhlukahluka zesitshalo zivame ukulahleka, futhi ukuze uzisindise kudingeka usebenzise izindlela zokusika.
Ukusakazeka kweCamellia ngokusika
Ukuze kusetshenziswe ukusikwa ngabasiki, kusetshenziswa izinto eziwu-7 cm, ezingakacaci. Inqubo yenziwa maphakathi nehlobo noma ubusika. Izimbambo ezinamaqabunga ama-3-5 zitshalwa ezitsheni ngesihlabathi esixutshwe ne-peat. Izinga lokushisa elikhulayo kufanele libe cishe ngama-22 degrees. Ehlobo, ukhula lwengozi lwenzeka ezinyangeni ezi-2, ebusika isikhashana.
Ungakhohlwa ukuchelela izingcezu bese uzifafaza ngezikhathi ezithile. Amakhambi afanele angasetshenziswa ukusheshisa ukwakheka kwezimpande. Ngokwakhiwa kwezimpande, izitshalo ezisencane zidluliselwa emabhodweni amakhulu futhi zinakekelwa njengezitshalo ezindala.
Ukushicilelwa kwe-camellia kugonyiwe
Uma ukuhlukahluka kungenasisekelo kahle, kungasatshalaliswa ngokuxhunyelelwa. Lokhu kwenziwa maphakathi nobusika. Umuthi wokugoma wenziwa yinso le-apical.
Imila ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili. Imbali encane idinga ukuqashelwa eduze, njengoba ibucayi kakhulu.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Uma wephula imithetho yokunakekela i-camellia, izinkinga ezahlukahlukene zingavela nayo.
- Uma iziqhakaza zezimbali ziwa, khona-ke lokhu kukhombisa ukungaphezulu komswakama, okuholele ekutheni i-acidization yenhlabathi, noma ushukumise isitshalo ngenkathi sakhiwa.
- Ukuvela kwamabala endaweni yamahlamvu, ngokunokwenzeka, kukhombisa ukushiswa. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, imbali kumele ivikeleke elangeni.
- Ngokuntuleka komswakama, amaqabunga e-camellia ayabuna.
- Ngomswakama ophansi ngokweqile, inhlabathi engafanele noma ukuntuleka kokukhanya, nokuthi imbali iyashisa, isitshalo singafa nje.
Isinambuzane esiyinhloko se-camellia isigaxa sesicabucabu, esizenza sizizwe ngama-cobwebs amaqabunga. Balwa nayo, imvamisa ngama-acaricides.
