Isenzo

I-Dhezia isitshalo esinamahlahla sangemuva esingakheka njalo noma sibe yi-deciduous. Lesi sitshalo singesomndeni we-hydrangea. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-50 zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene ezingatholakala ezimweni zemvelo e-East Asia, eMexico naseHimalaya. Ekubambeni okuphakathi baqala ukulinywa muva nje, kodwa ngokushesha bathandana nabalimi bezimbali ezinhle futhi ezinde kakhulu. Izinhlobo zezenzo zaseJapan naseHimalayan zangeniswa emazweni aseYurophu ngabathengisi abangamaDashi ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Kepha abalimi baseYurophu bafunda ngezinhlobo zamaShayina kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19.

Lesi sitshalo saqanjwa ngokuthi iK. Tunberg. Wayiqamba ngemuva kokuthi uJohann egeza u-Deitz, owayeyimeya yase-Amsterdam, futhi wayengumxhasi wokuhamba kwezempi oluya e-East. Lesi sitshalo sithola uthando olwengeziwe kusuka kubalimi unyaka nonyaka, ngoba sinenani elikhulu lamafomu nezinhlobonhlobo ezingafani kuphela ngombala, usayizi nokwakheka kwezimbali, kepha nosayizi wesihlahla.

Izici zesenzo

Isihlahla sesitshalo esinjalo singakheka noma siqhume. Ukuphakama kwawo kuyahlukahluka kusuka kumamitha ayi-0,4 kuya kwayi-4. Amapuleti amaqabunga atholakala ngokungafanele. Isihlahla sibukeka sifana kakhulu ne-honeysuckle kuze kuqale ukuqhakaza. Izimbali zenzeka amahlumela ngonyaka odlule. Inani elikhulu lezimbali ezibomvana noma ezimhlophe ezingenalo iphunga zivezwa esihlahleni. Bayingxenye ye-inflorescences ye-apical ngesimo sebhulashi. Isikhathi sokuphila esenziwe cishe iminyaka engama-25. Izithelo ziyibhokisi.

Ungatshala kanjani isenzo emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukutshala nini

Kunconywa ukwehla isenzo ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo. Ngesikhathi lapho umhlaba usuvele usubuntile, kepha izinso zingakaqali ukuvula. Isithombo esinohlelo oluvaliwe lwempande lungatshalwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yehlobo. Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokubamba okuqondile, kubalulekile ukukhetha isiza esifanele kakhulu salokhu. Izindawo ezivulekile zilungele kangcono lesi sihlahla, futhi ngemuva kwasemini, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile akufanele kwehlele emagatsheni. Kufanele futhi kwaziwe ukuthi isenzo sihlangabezana kabi nomoya obandayo. Umhlaba kufanele ungabi owomile, omiswe kahle futhi ocebile ngezakhamzimba. Ingxube engcono kakhulu yokutshala ingxube yenhlabathi enomquba we-peat compost, humus nesihlabathi, othathwe isilinganiso 1: 2: 2. Esimweni lapho ukwakheka kwenhlabathi endaweni yokutshala kuhluke kakhulu kulokho okudingekayo, khona-ke ingxube enjalo yenhlabathi izodinga ukuthululwa emgodini wokufika wokulungiselela. Futhi, isihlahla sidinga umhlabathi omncane we-alkaline. Esimweni lapho ine-acidic ngokweqile, khona-ke ngesikhathi sokutshala kubalulekile ukufaka amagremu ama-300 ka lime kamanyolo kuyo.

Izithombo

Kuyadingeka ukukhetha isithombo esitolo esikhethekile ngokucophelela ngokwanele. Udinga ukubona ukuthi isiqu asinawo umonakalo omkhulu, izimpawu zezifo, futhi kudingeka uhlole isimo sezinso. Izithombo ezitsheni zithengiswa ngokubiza kancane kunalezo ezinesistimu yezimpande evulekile. Kepha kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi kuzithombo ezitsheni akunakwenzeka ukuthi uhlola ukuthi izimpande zikuphi, ngakho-ke zingalimala, zibole noma zome kakhulu. Izithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande evulekile kufanele ithengwe ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyilapho izimpande kufanele zigoqwe ngephepha elimnyama ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Ngaphambi kokutshala isitshalo, kuyadingeka ukusika amagatsha alimele, unciphise izimpande kube ngamasentimitha angama-35-40. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi uhlelo lwempande lomile, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuwucwilisa amahora angama-2-3 esitsheni esigcwele udaka lobumba, kuthi ilitha lesiphundu se-pink manganese potassium solution lithululelwe kulo.

Izici Zokufika

Lapho kwehla isenzo, imithetho ethile kufanele ilandelwe. Ngakho-ke, lapho utshala, umuntu kufanele abhekele ukuthi kusuka kulesi sihlahla kuya kwesinye isitshalo noma isakhiwo kufanele kube khona ibanga okungenani lamamitha ayi-2,5. Iqiniso ngukuthi isihlahla sabadala sibanzi impela. Ukujula komgodi wokufika kufanele kusuka ku-0,4 kuye ku-0.5 metres, phansi kwawo kubalulekile ukubeka ungqimba lwamanzi, olungenziwa ngesihlabathi noma ngezitini eziphukile. Ngemuva kwalokho, uhlelo lwezimpande lwesenzo kufanele lubekwe emgodini, khona-ke kufanele lugcwaliswe ngokuxubana kwenhlabathi, okuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe ngenhla, ngenkathi kusuka lapho udinga ukuthulula kusuka ku-100 kuya ku-125 amagremu e-nitrophosphate. Ngemuva kokuphothula ukutshala, intamo yezimpande yesitshalo kufanele ibe sezingeni elifanayo nomhlabathi noma igqume amasentimitha ambalwa enhlabathini. Ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi kumele ihlanganiswe, bese ihlathi kufanele liniselwe. Esihlahleni, kuyadingeka ukufingqa zonke iziqu kube ngama-3-5 efihlekile, lokhu kuzothuthukisa isihlahla sesitshalo. Umbuthano osondelene nesiqu kufanele umbozwe ungqimba we-mulch (peat), ngenkathi ubukhulu bawo kufanele bube ngamasentimitha ayi-5.

Ukunakekelwa Kwesenzo

Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ekunakekeleni isihlahla esinjalo, kuyilapho ungqimba lwe-mulch luzosindisa ingxenye yomsebenzi. UDeytsiya uhlangabezana kabi nokugcotshwa kwamanzi, ngakho-ke kufanele ukuthi kuniselwe kaningi. Kuzokwanela 1 ngeviki, kuyilapho amalitha ayi-10 amanzi kufanele aye e-1 bush. Ngesikhathi sokushisa esishisayo, inani lamanzi kufanele lenyuswe lize libe amalitha angama-20 ngesihlahla ngasinye. Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili ka-Agasti, lesi sitshalo asisenamanzi nhlobo. Lapho ukuthambisa sekuqediwe, udinga ukukhulula inhlabathi ibe ngamasentimitha angama-20 kuye kwangama-25, ngenkathi ususa lonke utshani bokhula. Ukondliwa kwenziwa isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini ama-4, ngoba la malitha ama-3-4 omquba owuketshezi athululelwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye. Ngenkathi, kuyadingeka ukondla isenzo ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali (isihlahla ngasinye esisuka kumagremu ayi-120 kuye kwangama-150) amahlandla ama-2 kuphela. Zondla isitshalo kuphela ngesikhathi sezimbali.

Ukufakelwa

Ukufakelwa lesi shrub kungenzeka kuphela entwasahlobo. Iqiniso ngukuthi isitshalo esitshalwe kabusha kwesinye isikhathi sonyaka asinaso isikhathi sokuthatha izimpande ngaphambi kokuqala kobusika. Isitshalo kumele simbiwe ngokucophelela, kanti inhlama yomhlaba ohlelweni lwezimpande akufanele ichitheke. Isihlahla kumele simbiwe ezizungeze ububanzi bokuqagela komqhele waso, sikhishwe emhlabathini kanye nezimpande nesixaka somhlaba. Ngemuva kwalokho idluliselwa emgodini omusha wokufika, okufanele ulungiselelwe kusengaphambili, ngenkathi kudingeka ukuthulula kusuka ku-20 kuya ku-30 amagremu omanyolo wamaminerali kuwo. Ukugcwalisa umgodi, umugqa owodwa ofanayo kufanele usetshenziswe ngenkathi sokutshala, ngenkathi kufanele uhlanganiswe kahle, futhi isitshalo kufanele siniselwe. Kunconywa ukuthi kususwe wonke amagatsha amadala esimweni esidalwe kabusha, futhi lawo asele kufanele anqunywe ku-1/3. Kulokhu, umbuthano oseduze kufanele ufetshwe nge-mulch (peat). Uma isihlahla sisincane, khona-ke kuzogula ngokushesha ngokwanele, kepha isihlahla esidala sizolimala isikhathi eside.

Ukuncipha kwesenzo

Ukunakekela isitshalo esinjalo kubandakanya ukufaka izihlahla njalo. Isenzo kufanele sisikwe kabili ngesizini - entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ekwindla, amagatsha aqhakaza kulo nyaka kufanele anqunywe emhlabathini noma ihlumela lokuqala eliqinile. Kufanele futhi ususe amagatsha amadala nalawo abangela ukuqina komqhele. Kanye nokuthena kwendle, ukwenziwa komqhele nakho kwenziwa. Ngentwasahlobo, udinga ukunqamulela lawo magatsha aqukethe iqhwa, futhi ususe nabalimele. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi ebusika isihlahla sonakaliswa kabi futhi ngaphezulu kwengxenye yamagatsha saphukile, khona-ke kunconywa ukusika isitshalo esinjalo “ngesiqu”. Ukuthenwa kokuguga nakho kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo.

Izifo nezinambuzane

IShrub inokumelana okuphezulu kwezifo nezinambuzane eziyingozi. Kuyaqabukela, i-bumblebee proboscis, edla ngamapheshana ezenzo, ingakulimaza. Udinga ukucubungula isihlahla ngesisombululo seKarbofos noma i-Phthalophos, okufanele sibe ngamaphesenti ayishumi nanhlanu.

Isenzo ngemuva kokuqhakaza

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, isenzo sibukeka simangalisa, kuyajabulisa kakhulu ukuthi izimbali ezitshalweni zihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, isikhathi siyeza, futhi namanje siyaphela, futhi lapha, futhi hhayi kude nobusika. Lapho utshala isihlahlana, kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi ukumelana kwawo nokubanda kuphansi kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi izimbali zivela kuphela amahlumela wonyaka odlule, kudingeka zivikelwe kwisithwathwa, kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lesi sitshalo ngeke siqhakaze ngonyaka olandelayo. Kulezo zindawo lapho ubusika buthambile khona futhi inani elikhulu leqhwa liwa, akudingekile ukumboza isihlahla, kepha amagatsha awo asadinga ukugoba ebusweni bomhlabathi.

Nakekela isenzo ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwedolobha

Kulezo zindawo lapho ubusika buba buthuntu noma kuneqhwa elincane, kuyadingeka indawo yokukhosela ebusika. Kodwa-ke, isembozo seqhwa kuphela esingeke sikwazi ukuvikela lesi sitshalo esiqandeni. Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukusebenzisa indawo yokukhosela eyomile ukuze balungiselele isihlahla esinjalo ubusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isihlahla kufanele sigobeke phezulu kwenhlabathi futhi silungiswe. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukwenza ifreyimu phezu kwawo. Ingaphezulu lohlaka kufanele lifafazwe ngesendlalelo samaqabunga omile noma siphonswe ngamagatsha e-fir spruce. Ukusuka phezulu, yonke into imbozwe nge-lutrasil, futhi ifilimu ye-polyethylene yeluliwe phezu kwayo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze amanzi angangeni ngaphakathi. Le ndlela yokukhosela ilungele izihlahlana ezincane, njengoba amagatsha awo egobeka kalula ebusweni bomhlaba. Uma ihlathi lingumuntu omdala, khona-ke kufanele liboshwe ngokuqinile ne-twine noma i-twine. Ngaphezulu kwesihlahla esixhunyiwe, kuyadingeka ukusonga ngezinto zokumboza okufanele zivumele umoya ukuba udlule (burlap, spanbond noma lutrasil). Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvikela isitshalo emakhazeni, kuyilapho ama-buds engasaculi.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zesenzo ngezithombe namagama

Izinhlobo eziningana nezinhlobonhlobo zesenzo zitshalwa kumamephu aphakathi nendawo, kanti ezinye zazo zithandwa kakhulu.

Isenzo se-Amurian, noma okugeleza okuncane (iDevzia amurensis)

Lesi sitshalo sitholakala ezimweni zemvelo e China, North Korea nase Far Far. E-Russia, lesi sitshalo sivikelekile ezindaweni eziningi zokubhuka. Ithanda ukukhula emahlathini ama-coniferous-deciduous and oak, ngenkathi ingahlangana endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayinkulungwane eziyi-1,4 ngaphezu kolwandle. Isitshalo esinjalo siyisihlahla esiqabayo, isimo sesihlahla esivuthayo. Ekuphakameni, ingafinyelela amasentimitha angama-200. Amagatsha embozwe ngamagxolo ansundu, agcina eshintsha umbala wawo ube mpunga. Ubude bamaqabunga ahlelwe kahle amaqabunga angamasentimitha ayi-6; anesimo se-elliptical. Esisekelweni, anombala obunjiwe, futhi akhombe kunsukwana, anikwe umhluzi kahle, ezinhlangothini zombili kukhona i-pubescence. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, zingumbala ogcwele ohlaza okotshani noma oluhlaza okotshani, no-brown-ophuzi noma ocher ezinyangeni zasekwindla. Ama-inflorescence ama-Multifloral wesimo se-corymbose ubukhulu afinyelela amasentimitha ayi-7. Kubandakanya izimbali ezimhlophe, ezinephunga. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza izinsuku ezingama-20, ngokuqala kokuqhakaza ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaJuni. Izithelo zithande ngokungafani futhi zipendwe ngombala ophuzi onsundu, zibukeka njengamabhokisi acishe abe spherical ngesimo. Lolu hlobo luphawulwa ngokuthanda umswakama nokukhanya, kanye nokumelana nesomiso, amagesi kanye nentuthu. Lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokushesha, siqala ukuqhakaza kuqalwa.

I-Deytsia enomusa (iDevzia gracilis)

Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lesi sitshalo yizintaba zaseJapan. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungahluka kusuka kumasentimitha angama-50 kuya kwangama-150. Isihlahla sinesiyingi esiyindilinga, amagatsha acijile arched. Iqhakaza kamnandi kakhulu. Amapuleti amaqabunga kukhona oblong-lanceolate ngesimo, ayamacala aphezulu futhi anendawo yokucacisa, umkhawulo awulingani. Zinobude obungamasentimitha ayi-6 futhi zipendwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Ingaphansi lepheshana linqunu, kanti ohlangothini olungaphambili kunezinwele ezinhle kakhulu. Izimbali zimhlophe, ziyingxenye yama-inflemcose inflorescence ama-multi-flowered genemose, afinyelela cishe amasentimitha ayi-9 ubude. Izimbali ziqala engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi, ngenkathi ubude bayo buyizinsuku ezingama-35.

Isenzo esibi, esime ngenkanyezi (iDevzia scabra)

Imvelaphi evela eJapan naseChina. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla esinomusa cishe ngamasentimitha angama-250. Umbala wamagxolo akhanyayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi onsundu noma ubomvu okhanyayo. Ubude bamapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza aluhlaza amasentimitha angama-3-8. Phezu kobuso bazo kunezinwele ezincane ezithandekayo ezinikeza iqabunga leqabunga. Kulesi zinhlobo, ukuqhakaza kuqala ngemuva kwabo bonke abanye. Ubude bamabhulashi, abandakanya izimbali ezimhlophe noma ezipinki, amasentimitha ayi-12. Ukuqhakaza kwesenzo kusuka ezinsukwini eziyi-15 kuye kwezingu-20. Izindlela zokuhlobisa:

UTerry. Ingaphakathi lezimbali eziphindwe kabili limhlophe, kanti elingaphandle lipinki.
Umhlophe omsulwa. Inezimbali ezimhlophe eziphindwe kabili.
I-Watererera. Izimbali ezingaphakathi zimhlophe, kanti ingxenye engaphandle iyi-carmine.
Pink Terry. Kunezimbali ezingama-terry pink. Ifomu limelana kakhulu nesithwathwa.
Iphuzu elimhlophe. Ngamachashazi amhlophe amhlophe kumapuleti eqabunga.

Isenzo sinhle, noma sibabazekayo (iDevzia magnifica)

Lesi sitshalo se-hybrid sazalwa sibonga ukwambuka kwesenzo sikaVilmoren kanye nesenzo sokugqwala. Ekuphakameni, isihlahla esivulekile sifinyelela cishe amasentimitha angama-250. Amapuleti amaqabunga aphakeme, i-ovoid. Izimbali ezimhlophe zeTerry ziyingxenye yama-inflorescences amakhulu esabisayo, ubude bawo obungamasentimitha ayi-10. Izimbali ziningi ngendlela emangalisayo, ngaphansi kwesisindo sama-inflorescence, amagatsha athola ibhendi elakhiwe. Isitshalo siqala ukuqhakaza ngoJulayi, kube nesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezinsuku ezingama-20. Lo mbono ungomunye omuhle kakhulu.

Isenzo esenziwe nge-long (Devzia longifolia)

Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kuyahlukahluka kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-100 kuye kwangama-200. Phezu kwamahlumela kukhona i-pubescence. Amahlamvu amaba ngamasentimitha ayi-12 ubude, atholakala kahle emaphethelweni. Zimnyama ngombala oluhlaza ohlangothini olungaphambili, futhi ziluhlaza grey kusuka kunqwaba engasohlangothini olungalungile. Ububanzi bezimbali ze-lilac-pink cishe buyi-25 mm; emahlumela kukhona obububende. Izimbali ziqala maphakathi noJulayi. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zamaVeitch ezinamaqabunga amade; izimbali zaso zinombala omnyama.

UDevzia Lemoine (UDevzia x lemanje)

Le hybrid yavela ngenxa yokuwela kwesenzo esinomusa kanye nokugeleza okuncane. Ekuphakameni, isihlahla sifinyelela cishe amasentimitha angama-200. Iqhakaza kusenesikhathi futhi imnandi. Izimbali ezimhlophe qhwa zinobubanzi obuyi-20 mm, kanti ziyingxenye yama-inflorescence amancane, ubude bawo angamasentimitha ayi-10. Izimbali zihle, ziqabile futhi zinde, futhi lesi sitshalo simelana kahle nesithwathwa. Izinhlobo ezihlobisa kakhulu:

UBelle de nege. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-150. Izimbali ezimhlophe zinobubanzi obungama-25 mm.
Wasukuma uMont. Isihlahla sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-250. Izimbali zinkulu ngombala opinki ophelele. Imiphetho yamacembe iyahlanganiswa ukuze ama-anthers aphuzi abonakale.
I-pink pompom. Izinhlobonhlobo ezintsha. I-efihlekile iyi-carmine, kanti izimbali zi-pink terry ezijulile. Bayingxenye yama-inflorescence aluhlaza we-hemispherical.