Igama le-botanical le amadevu wegolide athandwayo yi-callisia elimnandi. Kungokomndeni wakwa-Commeline (Commelinaceae). Kuhlobo lwe-callisia, izinhlobo eziyi-12 ezikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseCentral naseNingizimu Melika naseMexico. Kepha kusiko, yinhlobo eyodwa kuphela eyaziwa kangcono - i-callisia enamakha (i-Callisia frans). Imfashini ngoba yavela ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokutholakala. Lapho-ke, cishe sekukhohliwe ngokuphelele, futhi manje baqala ukuzalanisa hhayi njengelukuluku laphesheya kwezilwandle, kodwa njengesitshalo sokwelapha (ngendlela, hhayi lapha kuphela, kodwa naseNtshonalanga).
© i-anillalotus
Ngokwemvelo, lolutshani obunwabuzelayo obude obufika kumamitha ayi-2 "bamba" emithambekeni yezintaba nokuvuleka, kuthatha izimpande ezindaweni ezinde. Ibizwa ngokuthi amadevu wegolide ngenxa yokuba khona kwamahlumela amade avela kuma-axils amaqabunga, njenge "amadevu" ama-sitrobheli futhi nawo aqala izimpande. Ubude bale "mhlophe" bufika kumitha eyi-1, abunalutho, abubomvu ngombala ngama-internode amade nama-rosette amancane amaqabunga emaphethelweni (ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi amahlumela amafushane kuphela kune-9 internode alungele ukwelashwa). Amakhulu amakhulu, aze afike ku-30 cm, cishe amaqabunga alandelanayo alandelana okuhlanganisa isiqu kuphela ngemuva kokukhula kwe-midzi Lapho ishidi liphuka, imicu emincane yenjoloba ilule phakathi kwezingxenye zayo. Isiqu salesi sitshalo, noma sibude, asikwazi ukuma siqonde, ngakho-ke efulethini udinga ukuxhaswa. Izimbali, ezingavame ukwakhiwa emakamelweni, zivela kuma-axils amaqabunga futhi ziqoqwe ngambili, ngamabhulashi okulengiswa ezintanjeni ezincane. Imbali ngayinye inamaphara amathathu amhlophe, apinki noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, yize iqiniso lokuthi ama-inflorescence uqobo awafani, adonsela ukunakwa ngephunga elimnandi elinamandla, elifana nephunga le-hyacinth.
Lesi sitshalo siguqule kaningi igama laso. Ukuchazwa kokuqala kwenziwa ngo-1840 njenge-Spironema fragrans, lapho-ke kwaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-Rectanthera fragrans. Igama lesimanjemanje - i-callisia (elihunyushwe lisuselwa esiGrekini. Καλός - enhle, i-Λι l - i-lily - "i-lily enhle") ayithola kuphela ngo-1942, evela e-American R. E. Woodson. Ngo-1978, kwashicilelwa incwadi ethi "Indoor Plants and Or Orthal Flowers Shrub" eKiev, lapho benza khona iphutha elingelibi, beyibiza nge-kalizia dichoricandra. I-Dichorisandra thirsiflora iyi-dichorisander enemibala e-brashi, yize isihlobo esiseduze se-callisia, kodwa isitshalo esihluke ngokuphelele, futhi esivame kakhulu emafasiteleni. Imvamisa, ezinye izinhlobo zama-dichoricans zihlangana, kepha akukho neyodwa yazo, ngokwaziwa, enomphumela wokwelapha. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo, ama-dichoricans, amaqabunga ama-elliptical (iningi lawo ahlanganisiwe) ahlelekile kepha ayindilinga futhi adala irosette enhle, ayakhi amadevu noma intambo yerabha.
Ama-dichoricanders awasizi kakhulu, adinga umoya omswakama, ezinye izinhlobo namafomu asemakamelweni aphila kuphela ngaphansi kwe-hood enikeza umswakama owanele.
© Henryr10
Igalelo elikhulu ekusatshalaliswa kwamadevu wegolide njengomuthi kwenziwa nguVladimir Ogarkov, owayesebenzisa kulo mkhuba wakhe cishe iminyaka engamashumi amathathu ngaphambi kokushicilelwa kwendatshana yokuqala eyavela ephephandabeni i-Healthy Lifestyle ngonyaka ka-2000. Lokhu kwalandelwa uchungechunge lwezihloko olwenziwe abanye ababhali. Ngezandla zabo ezikhanyayo emithini yabantu, i-kaliza manje isetshenziswa kabanzi.
Ucwaningo lwesayensi lokuqanjwa nokwenziwa kwamadevu wegolide lwenziwa eSt. Petersburg naseNovosibirsk, futhi ukuphela kwento efakazelwe ngokuphelele kuze kube manje akuyona ubuthi besitshalo. Iqukethe izinto ezimbalwa ezisebenzayo. Futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, inomphumela wokupholisa amanxeba wokuklwebheka, ukusikeka, ukusha okuncane. Kulokhu, ibala elibuhlungu lifafazwa ngejusi entsha noma kufakwe ishidi elihlikiwe kulo.
Kuzo zonke izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, lesi sitshalo senziwa ngaphansi kokulashwa okukhethekile, sithuthukisa umsebenzi waso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isiqu kanye "amadevu" we-calis ngokushesha ngemuva kokusika kuhlanganiswa ngoqweqwe lwapulasitiki bese kubekwa amasonto amabili engxenyeni engezansi yesiqandisi ekushiseni okungama-degree angama-3-4 ngaphezulu kwe-zero.
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Ngifanele ngithi i-callisia isekude ne-panacea, futhi ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesenzo sayo isuselwa ekukholweni kwesiguli ekwelapheni, kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhuthaza ngobumnene kwesosayensi yokuzivikela komzimba kanye nezindlala ze-endocrine, ezinikeza amadevu wegolide, ziwusizo ngempela ezinambweni eziningi zezifo, ukuvuvukala ngokwemvelo.
Ungasebenzisa i-tincture yamahlumela, ayigcini kuphela ngama-disinfects amanxeba, kodwa futhi ihlikihle izindawo ezinosizi nge-osteochondrosis, i-rheumatism, i-sciatica. Ukulungiselela ama-tinctures okusetshenziselwa ngaphandle, ihlumela lamadevu egolide elinobude bama-12ode (izingxenye eziningana zobude obufana nalo) lingafakwa ku-0.5 litre vodka izinsuku eziyi-10 endaweni emnyama. Le tincture isetshenziselwa ama-compress, rub rub. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa nge-calyzia akuyona ngaphandle kwezici kanye ne-contraindication. Awukwazi ukuqala ukwelashwa nge-calis ngaphandle kokuthinta i-phytotherapist enolwazi, ngoba ngesifo ngasinye umthamo kanye nerejimeni yehlukile. Enye yezinkinga lapho wedlula umthamo noma uyithatha isikhathi eside kakhulu kungukulimazeka kwezintambo zezwi, ushintsho ekuphazamisekeni kwezwi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukulahleka kwalo, nokululama kunzima kakhulu. Awukwazi ukugwinya amaqabunga aphelele, noma uswetshwe kahle - inani elikhulu yerabha alivumeli izingcezu zeshidi ukuba zihlukane, zakhe igridi. Iqabunga elinjalo, elinesimo esingesihle, lingavimba ukuphuma kwalo esiswini futhi libangele ukuphazamiseka kwalo kube nemiphumela emibi.
© Andre Benedito
Amadevu wegolide kulula ukukhulisa egumbini. Kusatshalaliswa ngokuhlelwa, izingcezu "zamadevu" nokusikwa okujwayelekile. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuzala kabusha ngoMashi, Ephreli, kodwa uma kunesidingo, ungasabalalisa unyaka wonke.
Ungasiphula kanjani isiqu? Ukusuka esitshalweni se-uterine callisia, nquma ingaphezulu lehlumela ngama-2 kuya ku-4 amaqhubu (amajoyinti), susa amaqabunga aphansi, bese ufinyeza amahlamvu aphezulu ngengxenye yesithathu. Misa izingxenye zokusika isikhathi esingamahora ama-2 - 3, bese uzitshala ezimbizeni ngomxube womhlabathi oswakanyiswe kakhulu. Moisten the cuttings bese ukumboza ngesikhwama sepulasitiki ukuze ukhule.
I-rosette yamaqabunga enengcezu encane yesiqu inqunywa kuqhuma eliseceleni eliqonde bese ibekwa esitsheni esinamanzi. Uhlelo olunezimpande olunamandla lukhula kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10 kuye kwezingu-15. Ngemuva kwaloko sitshalo lesincane se-callisia sitshalwa ebhodweni ngengxube yodongwe bese sinisela kakhulu.
Izitshalo ezincane zase-callisia ezinamakha zitshalwa minyaka yonke, kuthi abantu abadala kube njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu. Kungcono ukufakelwa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Isendlalelo sokutshala sakhiwe ngengxube yenhlabathi yomquba, ishidi nesihlabathi, sithathwe ngokulingana. I-acidity kufanele ibe kuhla lwe-pH 5-5.5. Kudingeka amanzi amancanyana ezansi kwethangi.
Lapho zizala i-kalizia, udinga ukubheka ukuthi iyakuthanda ukukhanya, kepha ayikubekezeleli ukukhanya kwelanga, ikakhulukazi okushisayo kusihlwa. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo siba olwebhule kanye nama-curls, amakhavu ayeka ukwakha. UKaliziya udluliselwe emthunzini, wabuyiselwa ngokushesha. Ukushisa kwasebusika kufanele kube phakathi kuka-16-16mayelanaC, ngaphandle kwalokho izitshalo zelula kakhulu, zinciphisa inani lezinto ezisebenzayo. Ehlobo, amadevu egolide angakhiphelwa ngaphandle endaweni enomthunzi.
Izifo nezinambuzane - ama-thrips kanye nesigcawu esibomvu. Ezimpawu zokuqala zomonakalo, isitshalo se-callisia esinephunga elimnandi kufanele sifafazwe ngesibulala zinambuzane esisehlelweni futhi simbozwe izinsuku ezi-1 kuye kwezi-2 ngesikhwama sepulasitiki. Izindlela zokuvimbela ezingcono kakhulu ukufafaza nsuku zonke nokugcina umswakama odingekayo.
