Okubaluleke kakhulu ekuvikelweni kwezitshalo zezimbali ezinambuzaneni nasezifo ukunamathela ngokuqinile kuzo zonke izincomo zezitshalo ezikhulayo. Ikakhulu, ukunakekelwa akumele kunganakwa. Ngaphambi kokukhula kwezimbali, udinga ukuzijwayeza kabanzi ezincwadini ezifanele ezikhulisweni zezimbali ngezidingo zezitshalo zokukhanya, umswakama, inhlabathi, umanyolo, wazi isikhathi sokutshala nokuhlwanyela, izimo ezikhulayo. Ukwakha izimo ezifanele zokutshala izitshalo zezimbali kuzogwema ukulahleka kwezimfanelo zazo zokuhlobisa.
Indima ebalulekile idlalwa ukukhetha okuyikho kwesayithi kokuchayeka kwelanga, umswakama, ukwakheka kwenhlabathi. Lapho kukhona inhlabathi enama-acidic lapho ikhula khona ihhashi, imalding kufanele yenziwe, i.e., isabalalisa imbobo ebusweni bomhlaba ngesilinganiso se-3-4 kg nge-10 m 2 bese uyivalela, ugaya inhlabathi. Lo mcimbi ubanjelwa njalo eminyakeni engama-5-7. Uma umhlabathi we-acid ungabaliwe, khona-ke ukutheleleka kuqongelela kuzo, okubangela izifo ezinjengokubola kwezimpande, ukuqabunga kwamaqabunga, isiqu, njll.
Umanyolo kumele usetshenziselwe umhlabathi ompofu kwizakhi zomzimba. Izitshalo ezitshalwe enhlabathini evundisiwe ziba nzima ukumelana nezifo ngezifo eziningi futhi zilinyazwa yizilokazane. Ngokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen enhlabathini, izitshalo zikhula kancane, zikhula kahle, zishiya amaqabunga eluhlaza ngokukhanya, futhi ukuvimbela okujwayelekile kuthinta izimbali. Ukuntuleka kwe-phosphorus kuboniswa ekubambezelweni kokuqhakaza. Izimbali zakhiwa zincanyana, zimbi. Ngendlala ye-potassium, isivuno sembewu nokumila, ukumelana kwesitshalo kuma-pathogens wezifo zokukhunta ngesikhathi sokukhula nokugcinwa kuyancishiswa.
Ingadi yezimbali elangeni (Insimu elangeni)Ngaphambi kokugibela
Indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni izimbali ezinambuzaneni nasezifo kudlalwa ngekhwalithi yokutshala izinto. Okokuqala, kumele abe nempilo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngaphambi kokutshala, ukuhlunga kahle nokuhlanza ama-corms nokuwafaka ngesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate (15 g nge-10 l lamanzi) ngokumelene nesibazi nokubola owomile kuyenziwa. Ama-rhizomes we-peonies, irises kanye nezinye izitshalo eziqhakazayo zihlanzwa komhlaba nezimpande ezibolile, zibulawa ngamagciwane ngokufaka kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate (30-50 g nge-10 l yamanzi), i-chloroxide yethusi (40 g nge-10 l lamanzi), ukulandelela izinto (0,09 g I-10 l yamanzi) ukubulala ama-pathogens bola ezimpande. Uma ama-thrips kanye nezithelo ze-anyanisi zitholakala ezintweni zokutshala, ama-bulbs kufanele aqulwe nge-10% karbofos (75 g nge-10 l lamanzi) imizuzu engama-20-30 noma i-20% celtan (20 g ngalinye nge-10 l lamanzi).
Lapho efika
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-pathogen kanye nezinambuzane ziqwabelana enhlabathini, ikakhulukazi i-stode nematode, akunconywa ukutshala izitshalo minyaka yonke endaweni efanayo. Kungcono ukutshala izitshalo zezimbali endaweni efanayo kuphela emva kweminyaka engama-4-5. Ukutshala kwezitshalo kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela yesikhathi, ngesikhathi esishiwo ezincomeni. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqaphele ibanga elifanele phakathi kwezitshalo, ukhula ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, njengoba ukutshala okuqinile kulinyazwa kakhulu yi-slugs futhi kuthinteka yizifo fungal kanye negciwane. Endabeni yokubonakaliswa kokubola kwezimpande ngonyaka owedlule, kuyadingeka ukunisela inhlabathi ngesikhathi sokutshala ngonyaka wamanje nge-chloride yethusi (40 g nge-10 l yamanzi), i-potanganum permanganate (50 g nge-10 l lamanzi), ama-microelements (0.09 g nge-10 l lamanzi). Uma kwenzeka ingozi yomonakalo ezitshalweni ze-bulb yi-larvae yasentwasahlobo yasentwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo kufanele sishiswe ngokufakwa komlotha (50 g nge-10 l lamanzi). Ukwesabisa izimpukane ezindala, ungafafaza inhlabathi ngamabibi ahlanganiswe nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1.
Ingadi Yezimbali (Parterre)Ukuvela kwezithombo
Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukususa esizeni futhi uchithe izitshalo ezingafakwanga futhi ezingakakhiwa ezithintwe ukhunta, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ama-nematode futhi zilinyazwe ngamagquma, izibungu zezimpukane.
Ukuze ugweme ukubonakaliswa kokubola okungwevu kusuka kuma-peonies, izindawo zokukhosela zisuswa ngesikhathi. Amahlumela athintekile ayasikwa futhi ashiswe.
Ukuphinda kwentwasahlobo
Lapho kuvela izimpawu zalesi sifo ngokuvela kwezimpande ze-peonies, i-phlox, nezinye izitshalo, izitshalo kanye nenhlabathi ziniselwa ezinkabeni zezihlahla nge-chloride yethusi (40 g nge-10 l lamanzi).
Ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimbali ezinemibala
Kwisimo sezulu esinomswakama, uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi yokuthuthuka okuqinile kokubola grey, ukuchelela noma ukufafaza ngeskhathi esiseduze kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-12-14 ngolunye lwamalungiselelo: ithusi chloroxide (40 g nge-10 l lamanzi), i-boric acid (2 g nge-10 l lamanzi), emulsion yethusi-insipho (25 g nge-10 l yamanzi), i-sodium phosphate (75 g nge-10 l lamanzi).
Kuyamangaza
Lapho amabala okuqala evela emaqabunga (ukubonakaliswa kwe-septoria, i-alternariosis, njll.), Ama-phlox namanye amasiko ezimbali afafazwa nge-chloride yethusi (40 g nge-10 l lamanzi), i-sodium phosphate (75 g nge-10 l lamanzi).
Ingadi Yezimbali (Parterre)Isigaxa
Umonakalo odalwe ngalesi sikhathi yizimpukane zika-anyanisi nezilimo ezinamakhaza anyanisi kungancishiswa ngokufafaza izikhathi ezi-2-3 (emva kwezinsuku eziyi-10) zesitshalo ngo-10% malathion (75 g nge-10 l lamanzi).
Ngemuva kwezimbali
Ama-iris rhizomes angenwe yi-bacterial rot kanye ne-heter of wasps kanye neChibi lama-ores kufanele kudalulwe, kuhlanzwe ukubola futhi kugcwaliswe ngesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate (30-50 g nge-10 l lamanzi). Yenza ukugqoka okungaphezulu kwe-foliar top ne-potassium chloride (100 g ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi) nezikhathi ezi-2 (ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-12-14) nge-chloride yethusi (40 g ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi).
Isikhathi sezitshalo
Kuyo yonke ihlobo, njengoba izinambuzane nezifo ezahlukahlukene ziqhamuka enqwaba, kufanele kwenziwe izindlela zokulwa. Ngokumelana nezifo zokukhunta okubangela amabala nokugquma, fafaza i-chloride yethusi (40 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi), i-emulsion yesepha namanzi (20 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi), uphathe i-powdery isikhutha nge-sodium phosphate (75 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi). Ngokulwa nezinambuzane ezishiya amaqabunga nezimbali, ukuncela (ama-aphid, ama-thrips), i-10% karbofos (75 g nge-10 l lamanzi), ama-10% triphos (50-100 g nge-10 l lamanzi) angasetshenziswa; imikhaza - 20% i-celtan (20 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi).
Izitshalo ezitheleleke ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane zisuswa zisheshe zichithwe. Eminyakeni emanzi, balwa nama-slugs. Babeka isihego ezitolo, bafafaze inhlabathi nge-superphosphate (40-60 g nge-1 m2).
Ingadi Yezimbali (Parterre)Ukuphela kwezimila zezitshalo
Ukuze ubhubhise inkimbinkimbi yezinambuzane nezifo, kuyadingeka ukususa imfucumfucu yesitshalo endaweni ekwindla bese umba inhlabathi.
Isitoreji, iziqukathi nemishini kufanele kungcoliswe nge-sulfate yethusi (500 g ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi).
Gcina izinto zokutshala emazingeni okushisa athungathekile kanye nomswakama. Ukutshala isitoko kufanele kubuyekezwe ngokucophelela futhi kukhethwe kuphela okunempilo ngaphambi kokulondolozwa.
