Zamia ukunakekelwa kwempahla yasekhayaIZamia isitshalo esingumndeni womndeni kaCygnus Zamiev. Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yindawo engaphansi komhlaba, ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseMelika. Lesi sitshalo sineminyaka engaba ngu-2000 ubudala - sikhula ngisho nangesikhathi sama-dinosaurs.
Igama lesitshalo ekuhunyushweni kusuka olimini lwesiLatini lisho "umonakalo", "ukulahleka". Kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izithelo ze-zamia ziyefana ngokubukeka kwama-difies weConifers. Lapho ikhule ngaphakathi, ukuvela kwezimbali akuvamile.
Uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo alujwayelekile, luqukethe izinhlobo eziningana zezimpande. Okokuqala, kuvela impande yokuqala - ilingana nobukhulu besiqu, hhayi ukuthi yi-branching. Lapho-ke izimpande zesivumelwano ziyakhula - izimpande ezincane ezikuvumela ukuba ubambe isiqu esindayo. Ama-Corraloids avela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi - amaqhubu anwebeka ngaphezu kwenhlabathi futhi akhonze ukwazisa i-nitrogen evela emkhathini.
Izithelo zesithombe se-Zamia
Isitshalo se-zamia esihlala sihlala sinesiqu esibushelelezi esenziwe ngopare ngaphansi komhlabathi, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi kubonakala sengathi amaqabunga akhula ngokuqondile emhlabathini. Umqhele wesibonda umqhele nge-rosette yamaqabunga equkethe ama-wai (amapuleti eqabunga le-cirrus). Iqabunga ngalinye ligobekile, liyindilinga noma likhombe. Amaqabunga amancanyana asontekile ngendlela yokuqina kwesigaxa. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kusuka ku-25 cm kuya ku-2 m.
Qaphela lapho ushiya, ngoba i-amiya inobuthi kubantu nasezilwaneni. Uma ungafuni ukuthi isilwane sakho silinyazwe ngengozi, kungcono ukwenqaba ukuqala imbali.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
UBonsai ovela kuZamiya isithombe
Ukukhanyisa nokukhethwa kwesihlalo
Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube okugqamile, ngisho (faka maphakathi nefasitela). Zijwayeze ukuqondisa ilanga kancane kancane, kepha khawulela ukuhlala kwakho ngaphansi kwazo ukuze ukuvela kungabonakali. Indawo ekahle ngamafasitela asempumalanga, entshonalanga naseningizimu.
UZamia uthanda umoya omusha --faka igumbi kahle, uthathe isitshalo ngaphandle ngenkathi efudumele, kodwa usibuyise ebusuku.
Ukushisa komoya
Umuntu ohlala ezindaweni ezishisayo udinga ukushisa komoya okufudumele, ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezingazelelwe. Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuye ekwindla sekwephuzile, gcina ibanga lokushisa elingu-20-25 ° C, khona-ke ukwehla kuya ku-10 ° C.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Ukunisela nokufafaza, sebenzisa amanzi athambile, kufanele afudumele (okungenani emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, ungakufudumeza kancane phansi kwelanga).
Umswakama kufanele ube phezulu (okungenani ama-60%). Fafaza amaqabunga esitshalo nendawo ezungeze nsuku zonke kusuka kufafaza elihle. Sula amaqabunga njalo emavikini ama-2-3 ngesipanji esimanzi noma ngendwangu ethambile. Kuhle ukubeka i-aquarium eduzane. Sebenzisa umswakama. Umoya owomile uzosithinta kabi isimo sesitshalo - ungasibeki eduze nezinhlelo zokushisa.
Ukunisela kubalulekile ngokulinganisela. Qiniseka ukuthi ingaphezulu lenhlabathi alomile ngaphandle, kodwa akufanelekile ukuthulula, ngaphandle kwalokho ukubola kungavela. Amaqabunga aphuzi nokuwa akhombisa ukuntuleka kokunisela. Ehlobo, nisela cishe isikhathi esingu-1 ngeviki, ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo - kwanele ukunisela isikhathi esi-1 njalo emavikini ama-2-3.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Esikhathini sokukhula okusebenzayo (entwasahlobo-ehlobo), faka umanyolo wezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-20. Ekwindla nasebusika, ukondla akudingeki.
Iqabunga ngalinye linikezwa isitshalo ngobunzima: avela futhi akhula ngasikhathi sinye, kodwa ngemuva komunye nomunye, akhula kancane. Ukuthena kuphikisiwe - kunengozi yokubhubhisa isitshalo ngokusika iqabunga ngo-10-20 cm.
Ukufakelwa Kwezinto
Ungayidlulisela kanjani indawo yokukhiya isithombe
Eminyakeni eyi-5 yokuqala yokuphila, isitshalo kumele sitshalwe kabusha ngonyaka. Ngemuva kwalokho kwanele ukufeza inqubo njalo emva kweminyaka engama-2-3. Yenza lokhu usebenzisa i-coma yobumba.
Kepha inhlabathi, kufanele iqukathe ubumba. Izingxube zomhlabathi ezifanele yilezi:
- Umhlaba we-Clay, humus, peat, isihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso 2: 1: 1: 0.5.
- Udosi ngokufakwa kweshidi lomhlaba, umquba, isihlabathi esihle, namalahle.
Qiniseka ukuthi ubeka ungqimba lwamanzi odaka olwandisiwe namatshe amancane ezansi kwembiza.
Kungcono ukusebenzisa imbiza yobumba engadalulwanga - ihlala isikhathi eside futhi ivumela uhlelo lwezimpande ukuthi "luphefumule". Kufanele kube ngokujulile impela, kube nobubanzi obukhulu ngokwedlula usayizi wohlelo lwezimpande.
Ikhula imbewu yembewu
Imila imbewu yesithombe se-amiya
Ukusakazeka kwembewu kuphela kwe-zamia kungenzeka.
- Ngokutshala imbewu, sebenzisa isitsha esinengxube yesihlabathi esihlanganayo nomhlaba we-peat.
- Faka imbewu emhlabathini usayizi wawo.
- Mboza izitshalo nge-foil futhi ubeke endaweni ekhanyayo ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.
- Gcina ukushisa komoya kungakapheli ama-25-30 ° ะก, izilimo zomswakama.
- Imbewu i-peck isikhathi eside hhayi yonke.
Zamia kusuka imbewu yezithombe amahlumela
- Ngokufika kwezithombo, susa indawo yokukhosela, khona-ke kuqhuma amahlumela anamandla (lapho kuqalwa iqabunga lokuqala langempela), yihlwanyele ezimbizeni ezihlukile.
Izifo, izilokazane, nobunye ubunzima
Lesi sitshalo sithola izifo ezahlukahlukene kancane, kepha amaphutha amaningi ekunakekelweni kuholela esimweni esibuhlungu sokushaya noma nokufa.
- Ukusuka ekuchayweni isikhathi eside kuya elangeni eliqondile, amaqabunga ama-discolor, aphenduka aphuzi, ayawa.
- Ukugcotshwa kwamanzi kuhlangene nenani elikhulayo lomanyolo we-nitrogen kuholela ekuwohlisweni kohlelo lwezimpande - isitshalo sizofa.
- Ukuqothuka kanyekanye nge-hypothermia kuyasilimaza isitshalo.
- Ungakhathazeki uma amahlumela akhula kancane (ngokoqobo kungenzeka angahambi iminyaka eminingana) - lokhu inqubo evamile.
UZamia: kungani amahlamvu ephenduka ephuzi nokuthi enzeni
Imbali isabela kabi kokubhaliwe ne-hypothermia, umphumela walokhu kungenzeka ukuthi uphuzi nokuwa kwamaqabunga. Lapha, imali ka-Epin, Zircon, Orton Rost izosiza, esisiza isitshalo ukubhekana nengcindezi etholile.
Amacembe angaphenduka aphuzi emva kokufakelwa lapho izimpande sezonakalisiwe. Kulokhu, udinga ukuthulula isixazululo sempuphu yezimpande ukusheshisa ukwakheka kwezimpande.
Uma ubona inqubo eqhubekayo yokuphuzi kwamaqabunga ngokuwa kwayo, lesi sitshalo simbozwa ngamabala - lokhu sekuyisifo esithathelwanayo noma esidala. Sebenza umhlaba kanye nembali nge-phytosporin, noma kunalokho uwuthele ebhodweni elihlanzekile nenhlabathi entsha, uhlole ngokucophelela izimpande futhi uthumele okubolile. Ngaphambi kokutshala, bamba imbali isigamu sehora kusisombululo se-phytosporin.
Amaqabunga aphuzi angaba wuphawu lokulimala kwezinambuzane.
Izinambuzane
Izinambuzane ezihlanyayo ziyavela kulesi sitshalo: ama-aphid, izinambuzane ezikala, izibungu zesicabucabu. Qala ngokuthambisa ipani likotini noma isiponji ngamanzi anensipho bese usula izinambuzane emacembe. Chitha ukwelashwa kwezinambuzane ukuphinda inqubo ngemuva kwesonto.
Izinhlobo zokufaka esikhundleni sezithombe namagama
Uhlobo lunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-58, cabanga ngezithandwa ekutshaleni ukuhlobisa.
Zamia Dwarf Zamia pygmaea
Isithombe se-Zamia Dwarf Zamia pygmaea
Izinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke. Isiqu esikhulu esingama-25 cm nokuphakama okungama-3 cm cishe sicashe ngokuphelele ngaphansi komhlaba. Ubude be-wai busuka ku-5 cm kuya kwesigamu semitha.
Zamia siliceous Zamia silicea
Isithombe se-Zamia siliceous Zamia silicea
Isiqu sifihlwe ngokuphelele, amaqabunga ama-3-5 atholakala phezulu. Uyakwazi ukubekezelela isomiso sesikhathi esifushane, izinto ezidliwayo ezivela kuzinkomazi.
Zamia Pseudoparasitic Zamia pseudoparasitica
Zamia False parasitic Zamia pseudoparasitica isithombe
Ukuphakama kwesiqu kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-3. Vai welula aze afike ku-2 m, abe ne-pubescence. Amacembe akhonjisiwe.
Zamia Florida Zamia floridana
Isithombe se-Zamia Florida Zamia floridana
Isiqu singaphansi komhlaba ngokuphelele. Isigaxa sobumba siphezulu ngaphezu kwenhlabathi phakathi kwamaqabunga.
I-Zamia Rough noma i-Zamia furfuracea ehlanganisiwe
I-Zamia Rough noma isithombe se-Zamia furfuracea oluyimpuphu
Inokuphakama kwesiqu kuze kufike ku-1 m, ama-vai akhawulelwe kubude obufanayo. Amacembe ambozwe izinwele ezinsundu ezi-rusty.
Zamia Broadleaf Zamia latifolia
Isithombe se-Zamia Broadleaf Zamia latifolia
Ukuphakama kwesiqu kuphuma ngaphezulu komphezulu womhlabathi kungamasentimitha ayi-10. Amahlumela anwetshelwa ngamamitha ayi 1. Amaqabunga angama-oval-oval.
