I-Exzakum yindawo yokugcina - isitshalo esikhula ezindaweni ezinomkhawulo. Izwe layo libhekwa njengesiqhingi seSocotra. Kuhlobo lwe-Persian violets, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30. Kepha munye kuphela wazo imbali.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
Okungajwayelekile, kepha ngasikhathi sinye izimbali ezihle ezineziko elikhanyayo eliphuzi, ezihlotshiswe ngemibala eluhlaza obukhazikhazi obumnyama, zenza i-exakum ibe ngenye yamasiko asekhaya amahle kakhulu. Uma ubheka kuqala, i-violet yasePheresiya ingaba yiphutha elenza elenziwa imbali, ngoba libukeka lilihle impela.
Ubuhle bayo bungancintisana noma ngama-orchid asonakele, ngoba angajabulisa isikhathi eside ngezimbali zawo ezinhle ezivuleka efasiteleni lezinyanga eziyi-3-4.
I-Persian violet iyisitshalo esingenakugwenywa esihlanganisa ukuvumelana, ubukhazikhazi, ubuhle nobulula ngaphandle kwezakhi ezimibalabala kakhulu futhi ezihehayo. Noma kunjalo, ukuze i-exakum ibukeke iphelele, ukunakekelwa kufanelekile.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo
I-Exacum Blue Star - isihlahla esihlangene esinamaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza. Usayizi weziqu zesitshalo ufinyelela amasentimitha angama-30. Le nhlobonhlobo ikhule iminyaka emibili, bese idinga ukuvuselelwa. I-violet yasePheresiya inemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, efana nenkanyezi, sibonga ngayo.
Isafire yase-Exzakum - isitshalo sinamacembe aphambili, anamanzi, aqondile, abhangqiweko we-green green hue, aseduze komunye nomunye. Ziyahluka ngokuqina nangokuqina. Ubude bamapuleti amaqabunga bufinyelela kumasentimitha amane. Izimbali zihlala zodwa, zinamaphara ansundu ayindilinga wombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umnyombo wembali une-hue ekhanyayo egqamile futhi ukhuphuka ngokungenhla kwama-petals.
Okuhlobene ne-Exzakum - isitshalo esineminyaka emibili sifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-30. Izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi ngombala ophuzi, ophuma phakathi. Kunezinhlobo zalokhu okuhlukahlukene nge-terry inflorescence ye-blue and white hue.
Amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - I-violet yase-Persian yalokhu kuhluka inamahlamvu amnyama aluhlaza okotshani, lapho izimbali ezincane eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zihlakazeka ngamaphazili ayindilinga afakwe ngophuzi, umongo wesigaxa. Izimbali zinikhumbuza iphunga elimnandi nelisha le-violet yasebusuku.
U-Exzakum oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Le nhlobonhlobo ye-Persian violet inesimo sokuqala sezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umqhele oqabulayo namapuleti amaqabunga amakhulu e-vein. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza amalungiselelo angajwayelekile wezimbali.
Inkanyezi emhlophe ye-Exzakum - isitshalo esiphansi, esinesihlahla esinepuleti lomaqabunga elingunxantathu elinezimbali eziningi ezimhlophe. Isikhathi sezimbali ze-Persian violet sisuka kumaviki ayi-6 kuye kwayi-8. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-exakum ibhekwa njengento e-biennial, ezimeni zangaphakathi iyakhula njengonyaka.
I-Exzakum white gnome - isitshalo esincane esihle, sishaya izimbali eziningi. I-Persian violet inezinhlayiya ezinenhliziyo ebushelelezi, ebushelelezi, ecwebezelayo ngombala oluhlaza okotshani nemithambo ecacile. I-exakum yalokhu okunezinhlobonhlobo ine-inflorescences emhlophe enezinhlamvu ezinhlanu nesikhungo esiphuzi. Isikhathi sezimbali zesitshalo siqala maphakathi nehlobo futhi siphela ekwindla sekwephuzile.
I-Exacum emithathu iveziwe - isitshalo sikhulu. Ukuphakama kwaso kufinyelela amasentimitha angama-50. I-Persian violet inesiqu esiqondile, esihlotshisiwe esiqukethe amacembe aluhlaza ovoid. Izimbali ze-Exakum zine-hue eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enomsuka ophuzi. Lesi sitshalo simelana neqhwa. Izwe lakubo yiSri Lanka.
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwe-Exzakum
I-Persian violet ithanda ukushisa kakhulu, yingakho lesi sitshalo sikhula ngaphansi kwezimo zangaphakathi njengonyaka. Kodwa-ke, ehlobo, lesi sitshalo singatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. I-Exzakum ithanda inhlabathi ekhanyayo nge-drainage drainage ungqimba.
Isitshalo sithanda ukukhanya kakhulu futhi uma imbiza ephezu kwayo isemthunzini, khona-ke i-Persian violet ngeke iqhume. Kodwa-ke, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kuyinhlekelele kuye, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthi umthunzi exakum ube ntambama. Akazithandi izimbali nokusalungiswa. Ukhetha ukushisa kwegumbi futhi akakubekezeleli ukushisa nokubanda.
Imvamisa, lesi sitshalo sivuselelwa njalo ngonyaka, kepha uma ufuna ukusigcina kuze kube unyaka olandelayo, khona-ke ekwindla kufanele wenze uhhafu wokuthena. Ngenkathi ebandayo, lesi sitshalo kufanele sigcinwe njengomswakama ophezulu, futhi siqinisekise ukuthi okungenani sinamahora ayi-12 wokukhanya, ngoba lokhu ungasebenzisa i-phytolamp. Kungakuhle futhi ukuthi ubheke iqiniso lokuthi ngonyaka wesibili i-exakum ngokunokwenzeka ngeke iqhume.
UViolet noma uSantapaulia naye ukhulile lapho enkulisa ekhaya. Lesi sitshalo sinezimbali ezinhle futhi ezinde, kepha ukufeza lokhu kuyodingeka senze imizamo ethile. Ungathola zonke izincomo ezidingekayo zokukhula nokunakekelwa kule ndatshana.
Ukunisela i-exakuma
I-Persian violet ithanda umswakama kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukuthambisa kufanele kube okulinganiselayo, okungukuthi, ukungagxili kwamanzi kanye nokomiswa kwenhlabathi kufanele kugwenywe, ukuzama ukugcina umswakama odingekayo wesitshalo.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukufafaza, kepha lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kusuka engxenyeni engaphansi yamapuleti eqabunga. Umswakama akufanele uwe phezu kwezimbali. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama odingekayo eduze kwesitshalo, ungafaka isitsha esinamatshe amanzi, i-sphagnum noma amanzi ajwayelekile.
Inhlabathi ye-exakum
Isendlalelo sesitshalo kufanele sikhanye futhi singeneke, ngesifo esibuthakathaka noma esingathathi hlangothi. Ungasebenzisa umhlaba ngezitshalo eziqhakazayo.
Ungahlanganisa futhi inhlabathi yamaqabunga ne-turf ne-humus ne-peat. Ubumba olwandisiwe, isihlabathi esihlanganayo noma amatshe amatshe afanelekile njengokudonsa kwamanzi.
Ukufakelwa kwe-Exakum
Izitshalo zonyaka azidingi ukufakelwa, kuyilapho izinhlobo ezisele kufanele zidluliselwe kuzimbotshana ezibanzi nezimbali eziphakeme njengoba zikhula.
Lapho ufaka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi unakekele ukwakha ungqimba lwamanzi, oluzogwema ukuminyanisa kokuswakama ohlelweni lwezimpande.
Ukondla i-exacum
Kunconywa ukondla isitshalo kaningana ngenyanga. Ama-Florists ayelulekwa ukuthi asebenzise umquba wamaminerali wezitshalo eziqhakazayo.
Lapho amaqabunga e-Persian violet eqhakaza, kufanele avundiswe ngomanyolo we-potash ne-phosphorus. Umanyolo weNitrogen kumele usetshenziswe ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali.
Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza kusuka ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Ukuze uqhakaze kakhulu, izimbali ezomisiwe kufanele zisuswe.
Ukuthena i-Exacum
Ukunikeza i-violet yasePheresiya ukubukeka okuhlobisa, kuyadingeka ukususa amagatsha omisiwe ngesikhathi bese ucindezela isitshalo, kwakha izihlahla zesimo esifunayo.
Ebusika exzakum
Ebusika, lesi sitshalo kumele sengezwe nge-phytolamp, futhi futhi siqinisekise umswakama womoya ophakeme, sibeka isitsha samanzi eduze ne-exakum. Kufanele futhi wehlise imvamisa yokugqoka okuphezulu ngesigamu.
Abanye abalimi, isikhathi esibandayo, bayalulekwa ukuba bayeke ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo. Ukunisela kufanele futhi kuncishiswe. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa ukuze inhlabathi ingoma.
Ukutshala imbewu ye-Exzakum
Kungcono ukuhlwanyela imbewu ekwindla. Akufanele zifakwe emgodini ongaphansi, zimane zisabalalisa ebusweni bawo. Ngemuva kwalokho, isitsha esinezinhlamvu kufanele simbozwe ngengilazi noma ngefilimu bese sithuthelwa endaweni efudumele. I-Shelter kumele isuswe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze imbewu ingene umoya.
Ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngemuva kokutshala, imbewu iqala ukumila. Izitshalo ezincane zihlukaniswa futhi zitshaleke ezitsheni ezihlukile. I-Persian violet iqala ukuqhakaza ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Ukusakazwa kwe-Exacum ngokusikwa
Lapho kusakazwa ukusikwa, okuqukethwe kufanele kuthathwe ezitshalweni zabantu abadala. Kulokhu, amahlumela aqhamuka phezulu kwesitshalo ayasetshenziswa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ama-cutways abe okungenani nama-internode amabili.
Zingagxilwa zombili emvelweni yasemanzini kanye nengxube yama-mossy-peat. Izimpande zokuqala zivela ezinsukwini eziyishumi nambili. Ngemuva kokubukeka kwazo, izilwane ezincane zingadluliselwa enhlabathini evamile. Izitshalo ezincane ziqala ukuqhakaza ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Kulezi zifo, isitshalo singathela ubola obumnyama. Kubonakala njengomphumela wokunisela ngokweqile futhi kuholela ekuboshweni kohlelo lwesimungumungwane. Ukuze uvikele ukufa kwe-violet yasePheresiya, kufanele isuswe ebhodweni, isuse uhlelo lwezimpande, iluphathe ngemishanguzo ye-antifungal, isuse izingcezu ezibolile futhi ifakwe emhlabathini omusha ukuvimbela ukweqisa esikhathini esizayo.
I-Exakum nayo ingahlaselwa izinambuzane, ezibandakanya:
Ama-aphid - Kuhlala emaqabunga kanye nesiqu sesitshalo, kuncela ujusi kubo, okuholela ekufeni kwembali. Ungayiqeda ngosizo lweshawa efudumele futhi ufafaze i-violets ngesilokazane esingena "Aktara";
Feltman - lezi zinambuzane zihlala emaqabungeni, isiqu nezimbali, zincela ujusi kuzo, zakha iwebhu elimhlophe eliminyene ezindaweni ezithintekile. Zingaqedwa ngokufafaza isitshalo nge-Actellik.
Isikhala sesicabucabu - inkathazo ikakhulukazi ithinta amaqabunga, okuholela ekutheni aphuzi futhi omiswe. Ukulwa nayo, kusetshenziswa isinambuzane sohlobo lweFitoverm.
Unamathela kuzo zonke izeluleko ezingenhla, uzokwazi ukutshala isitshalo esinempilo futhi ujabulele ukuqhakaza kwawo okuningana nokuhle isikhathi eside.
