I-evergreen begonia isitshalo sengadi esiqhakaza eziqandeni impela. Isihlahla se-compact sifinyelela ku-20 cm amade. Izimbali ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza zinombala ogcwele imibala.
I-evergreen begonia ingahlukaniswa ibe:
- Kude
- Okuphakathi
- I-Dwarf
Izinhlobo zeBegonia
Kude
To ethandwa kakhulu futhi evamile Izinhlobo zama-begonias amade afaka: i-Alba, Gustav Knaake, Kate Teicher.
Izinhlobo ze-Alba zinesihlahla esivuthayo esifinyelela kubude obungama-40 cm. Amaqabunga aluhlaza ngombala omnyama. Ama-inflorescence afaka izimbali ezingafika ku-15, ezihlala isikhathi eside. Kungaba nezimbali ezingafika kwezi-8 ngasikhathi sinye.
Izinhlobo ezinde - ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kokutshala kweqembuAfinyelela kububanzi obufika ku-10 cm, abe nombala omhlophe. Leli banga lifanelekile kokufika kweqembu, kungaveza izimbali ezingafika kwezingu-30 ngesikhathi sokukhula.
IGustav Knaake inesihlahla esivuthayo esifinyelela ku-30 cm. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, kukhona umucu obomvu eceleni komngcele. Ama-inflorescence aqinile, aqukethe izimbali eziyi-10-12, afike ku-3 cm ubukhulu, abe nombala obomvu omnyama.
Ifanelwe kahle ukutshala kwamaqembu, ekwazi ukwakha izimbali ezingafika ku-50 esikhathini esithile.
I-Kate Teicher inamabhishi aphakeme afinyelela ku-35 cm. Amaqabunga aluhlaza ngombala futhi anomngcele obomvu nxazonke. Ama-inflorescences aqukethe izimbali eziyi-15, kufika ku-5 cm ubukhulu. Umbala wezimbali ubomvu. Ngesikhathi sokukhula yakha izimbali ezingaba ngu-60.
Okuphakathi
Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu yilezi: uCarmen no-Othello.
Izinhlobonhlobo zeCarmen isihlahla esicwebile, sifinyelela ku-25 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga ansundu. Ama-inflorescence aqinile, aqukethe izimbali ezi-5 cm ububanzi.
Ama-inflorescence anemibala ebomvu. Ukuqhakaza okumnandi, ukhiqiza izimbali ezingaba ngu-90 ngesikhathi sokukhula.
I-Othello isihlahla esinamacwecwe afinyelela ku-20 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga wombala oluhlaza okotshani. Ama-inflorescence aqinile, abomvu, afinyelela ku-4 cm ububanzi. Ilungele ukubekwa kweqembu.
I-Dwarf
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile yilezi: u-Andy, u-Albert Martin, u-Amber, u-Ball Red, uBella.
U-Andi unesihlahla esididiyelwe esifinyelela ku-18 cm ukuphakama. Umbala wamaqabunga uluhlaza, kukhona umngcele obomvu ozungeze imiphetho. Izimbali zipinki, cm 4 cm.
Izimbali ezi-2 zingavulwa ngasikhathi sinye. Ukufika okungenzeka kokubili kweqembu futhi emibhedeni yezimbali, amabhodwe. Kunezimbali ezingafika ku-120 ngesizini.
I-Ambergris isihlahla esingaba ngu-15 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga anombala onsundu. Ama-inflorescence apinki, aqukethe izimbali ezingafika kwezingu-7. Ilungele ukutshalwa emngceleni nasemabhodweni.
I-dwarf begonias ibonakala ngokuqhakaza kwezimbali eziningi ngenkathi.Izisekelo Zokunakekela Ekhaya
Umswakama nokunisela
Uma kukhona i-begonia egeleza njalo efasiteleni, khona-ke kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa okufanele. Ukunisela kuyadingeka ngeplanethi yendlu izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto. Imbiza kufanele ime epallet, inezimbobo ezansi. Ngezinsuku phakathi kokuthambisa, faka amanzi epanini.
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ama-stagnates amanzi epanini, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zizokubola.
Uma imbali inomswakama omningi kakhulu, khona-ke amaqabunga ayojika aphuzi bese eqala ukuwa. Ngesikhathi sasebusika ukuchelela kufanele kuncishiswe kuze kube isikhathi esingu-1 ngeviki. Futha ngesimo sezulu esishisayo masonto onke.
Udinga futhi ukusula amaqabunga ngendwangu emanzi kusuka othulini nasekungcoleni. Umswakama we-Optimum uthathwa njengama-50-60%.
Ukushisa nokukhanyisa
I-evergreen begonia idinga igumbi elifudumele nelinomswakama. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lizoba kusuka kuma-15 kuye kwangama-25 degrees. Ifinyelela ekunciphiseni nasekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa, ngenxa yalokho kungahlupheka kakhulu. Tshala kuyizithombeidinga indawo enelanga.
Ukukhanyisa kubalulekile ku-begonia, ngoba kuthinta ngqo umbala wayoUkukhanya kuthinta ngqo umbala, umbala kanye ne-luster ye-inflorescence. Ungavumeli ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Udinga ukukhanyisa okunjalo unyaka wonke. Ekwindla nasebusika, ungakubeka ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, uma kungenakho ukukhanya okwanele, faka ukukhanya okwengeziwe ngosizo lwezibani.
Kukhona amathiphu awusizo wokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-begonia:
- Gwema okusalungiswa kwasendlini.
- Akunconyelwe beka imbiza eduzane nemishini yokushisa, amabhethri, i-hersers.
- Ukuba khona komoya omncane komoya omusha.
Inhlabathi nomanyolo
Kulolu hlobo lwe-begonia, inhlabathi kufanele ibe yi-peaty, ixege, idlule ngokukhululeka umoya. Kufanele futhi iklanywe ngamaminerali nangamantongomane. Inhlabathi ingathengwa esitolo, futhi ilungiselelwe ngokuzimela.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlanganisa ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo zenhlabathi evundile, inhlabathi enamaqabunga, humus, nesihlabathi. Ngezansi kwembiza kufanele kube khona ungqimba lwamanzi akhanyiselwe uhlaka noma ubumba olunwetshiwe.
Umanyolo wogesi ufakwa emhlabathini lapho unisela imbaliInhlabathi lapho kukhula khona i-begonia iyadingeka zalisa lapho uthambisa. Lokhu, umanyolo ngezinhlobo ezahlukene kufanelekile:
- Umanyolo wogebhezi
- Granular
- Amathuna
- umquba
Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, ukugqoka kufanele kwenziwe masonto onke. Ehlobo nakwezinye izinkathi, uma eziqhakaza kakhulu, khona-ke zidliwa isikhathi esisodwa ngenyanga. Uma izimbali zenzeka, khona-ke i-begonia kufanele ivundiswe kabili ngenyanga. Ebusika, isitshalo sondliwa isikhathi esingu-1 sonyaka wonke.
Ungalikhetha kanjani ibhodwe
Ukukhetha imbiza yokutshala i-begonias, udinga ukucabanga ngemingcele ethile. Kufanele abe banzi kakhulu kunokujulile. Njengoba uhlelo lwezimpande lukhula ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zenhlabathi.
Isitshalo somuthi sinezimpande ezinamandla nobuningi bezimbali. Ngakho-ke, imbiza yokutshala kumele ihlale isikhathi eside.
Amathangi enziwe ngezinto ezilandelayo afanelana kangcono:
- lobumba
- ceramics
- okuqinile, upulasitiki obukhulu.
Embizeni eyodwa, ungatshala izitshalo ezincane ezimbili noma ezintathu, okubaluleke kakhulu, ubheka okuthile ibanga phakathi kwabo Amasentimitha ayi-10. Njengoba ama-rhizomes imbali endala efinyelela ivolumu engu-15 cm, uzodinga imbiza enobubanzi obungu-30-35 cm.
Ungayinikeza kanjani imbali nokuthi uyenze nini
I-evergreen begonia, njengezitshalo eziningi zasendlini, yakhiwa kusetyenziswa izihlahla. Yize lesi sitshalo singakhuli ngaphezu kwama-45 cm ukuphakama, sidinga ukuthenwa ngemuva kokuphela kobusika. Amahlumela amade amade ayancishiswa.
Kuyadingeka nokususa izingxenye ezibuthakathaka nezomile. Entwasahlobo, lapho uthamba, ungalungiselela ukusikeka kokusakazeka. Ukuthena kuzosiza imbali ukuthola ukwakheka okuhle nokuhle. Futhi, ngokunisela amaqabunga, isitshalo sizothola ukukhanya okwengeziwe.
Ukulawula ukukhula, kubalulekile ukunquma iziqu njalo, lapho zifinyelela ukuphakama okungu-15 cm.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Njengokujwayelekile, ngokunakekelwa okungafanele, imbali iba buthaka, futhi ithinteke ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni. Izifo ezivame kakhulu kubhekwe:
- i-powdery isikhutha
- Impande nokubola kweqabunga
Ukulimala Kwezifo - umphumela wokunakekelwa kwesitshalo okungafaneleI-Powdery hlobo kuyenzeka lapho kunokuntuleka noma ngokweqile komswakama. Kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo, ususe izingxenye ezilimele, bese ufafaza isitshalo ngesikhunta.
Ukubola kwempande nesiqu kuvela kumswakama ophezulu kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi.
Kufanele futhi wandise izinga lokushisa nomswakama, susa izingxenye ezithintekile. Uma isitshalo sonakaliswe kabi, susa ngokuphelele.
IBegonia nayo ingalimala izinambuzane:
- I-Whitefly
- Ama-Thrips
- Isihlangu
Ngezinyathelo zokulwa nezinambuzane, sula amaqabunga kanye namahlumela ngesisombululo esinososo ngesiponji. Kanye nekhambi le-soapy, utshwala buyafanele. Izinyathelo zokuvimbela kufanele ziphathwe ngama-insecticides.
Ukutshala nokuzalanisa okuhlala kuqhakaza
Ungaqhakaza kanjani elula ne-terry
IBegonia iyakwazi ukuqhakaza unyaka wonke, ngokunakekelwa okufanele kanye nokwakhiwa kwendawo enhle.
Isitshalo siqhakaza kahle, izimbali zingaba ngemibala ehlukene:
- Orenji
- Ukuvuselelwa kwemali
- Ipinki
- Scarlet
- Abelungu
- Ikhilimu
Izimbali nazo zingaba zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene: ezilula nezimbili. Ngokukhanyisa njalo, ukuthambisa okwanele kanye nomswakama, akuyeki ukuqhakaza.
Ama-inflorescence awomile esitshalweni kumele asuswe ukuze aqine.
Ukufika kwangaphandle
Ukufakelwa ku-begonia begonias kulandela imithetho ethile:
- Ukufakelwa kwempahla kumele kwenziwe evundileumhlabathi omanzi, ongewona acidic.
- Ukuze kuthi ngenxa yobuningi bomswakama izimpande zingaboli, umbhede kufanele ukhuliswe kancane.
- Lesi sitshalo kufanele sitshalwe endaweni enamabala amahle, ngaphandle kwalokho amahlumela azoqala ukwelula.
- Kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuthambisa njengoba umhlabathi womile, uma kungenjalo, ngenxa yesomiso, amaqabunga azoqala ukoma, nokuqhakaza kwezimbali ngeke kwenzeke.
- Ukuzungeza umhlaba kuyadingeka khulula umhlabaukuze kuvumele umswakama nomoya ukuba kudlule, khipha ukhula ngendlela efanelekile.
- Ungaqala ukutshala izithombo lapho iqhwa lidlula ngoMeyi.
- Ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi yehlobo, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, bayibumba bayihlanyele bayitshale ezimbizeni ngezimo zasekamelweni.
Ukufakelwa
Ukufakelwa ekhaya kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Izitshalo ezincane kufanele zitshalwe kabusha ngonyaka, kanye nabantu abadala isikhathi esingu-1 ngeminyaka emi-2. Isibonakaliso esiyisisekelo sokufakelwa kuzoba izimpande ezinamathele emhlabathini.
Ukulungiselela ukufakelwa, cabanga ngeminyaka yobudala bezimbaliUkuze wenze lokhu, yenza:
- Lungisa imbiza entsha evundile enenhlabathi evundile kanye ne-drainage
- Bumba isitshalo, ususe ngokucophelela inhlabathi endala kusuka ezimpandeni
- Yehlisa izimpande zibe yisisombululo nge-potanganum permanganate, susa ezindala futhi ezibolile
- Faka ebhodweni bese ufafaza nomhlaba, uyihlanganise kancane
- Amanzi amaningi nsuku zonke kuze kuthathwe
- Awukwazi ukubeka imbali elangeni ngemuva kokutshala
- Isitshalo sizoqina futhi sithande izimpande ngenyanga
Ngemuva kokufakelwa kwe-begonia, udinga ukuyinakekela okokuqala kuze kube yilapho iba namandla.
Izindlela zokuzala
I-Begonia njalo izimbali iyakwazi ukuzala ngezindlela eziningana:
- Imbewu
- Isihlahla esisikiwe.
Akuwenzi mehluko ukuthi uzithumela yini izingcezu zokusakazwa emanzini noma ukutshala ngqo emhlabathiniNgesikhathi sokusakazwa kwembewu, izinhlobo zezitry ziyalahlekelwa yizimpawu zazo, ukuze zizilondoloze, kufanele zisatshalaliswe ngo-vegetatively, ngokusikwa kwesiqu.
Ukusabalalisa ngokusika, ukusika kulungiselelwe entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Banqunywa ubude be-10-15 cm ukuze kube namabili amaqabunga amaqabunga. Kufanele kususwe amapheshana aphansi. Ungazimpande emanzini, kodwa zivunyelwe vele utshale emhlabathini. Isihlabathi esithe xaxa kufanele sibe khona emhlabathini.
Izithombo ezisikiwe zimbozwe nge-polyethylene. Ukuchelela kumele kube kuningi, kanye nokukunikeza umoya. Ngemuva kwenyanga, ngemuva kokubanda, ifilimu kufanele isuswe. Izithombo ezisikiwe zitshalwa ngazinye emabhodweni anomhlabathi ovundile.
Ukuzala kabusha ngembewu kusetshenziswa kaningi. izithombo ezivulekile:
| Isinyathelo 1 - Ukuhlwanyela | NgoFebhuwari, imbewu ihlwanyelwa emabhokisini. Akujulile, kepha zibekwe phezu kwenhlabathi, futhi imbozwe ngengilazi noma ngefilimu |
| Isinyathelo 2 - Ukunisela | Udinga ukunisela kakhulu ngesibhamu sokufafaza, ukuze ungagezi imbewu |
| Isinyathelo 3 - Umoya | Hlanza ifilimu njalo ukuze uthole umoya omncane. Emavikini la-2 ngemuva kwekuvela ifilimu kufanele lisuswe |
| Isinyathelo 4 - Dive | Izithombo dive kanye lokushisa aphansi futhi ukuthambisa |
| Isinyathelo 5 - Ukufakelwa | Kudluliswa njengoba zikhula. Izimbali zingangena ngoMeyi |
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, uzobona imiphumela yokuqala ekukhuleni ngembewu ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathuEzinye izimbali zasendlini nazo zingasakazwa ngembewu. Umehluko uzoba ezintweni ezincane - okudingekayo ukuze kwenziwe kabusha noma ikakhulukazi ukunakekelwa kokutshala. Bona ukuthi ungalungisa kanjani umhlaba lapho usakaza imbewu ye-cyclamen.
Sekuyisikhathi eside i-beggreen begonia ifunwa futhi ifunwa phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali. Yize lesi sitshalo sidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ngokuphendula, siyojabulisa ubuhle bezimbali zaso ezinemibala eminingi.
