Hoya - Fluffy Inflorescences

U-Hoya igama lakhe wahlonipha umlimi waseNgilandi uThomas Hoy (IsiNgisi uThomas Hoy, 1750-1822), owasebenza isikhathi eside noMbusi waseNorthumberland, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ezinotshani bezitshalo ezishisayo.

Le liana sekuyisikhathi eside laziswa ngabalimi, ikakhulukazi ezweni lakubo e-Australia, lapho izinhlobo zazo eziningi zabelwa khona. Ekhaya - lesi sitshalo esinamandla sokukhuphuka esinamaqabunga agqamile ahlala ecwebezelisiwe kanye namaqhubu wezimbali ezinkulu ezicijelwe indebe enuka kamnandi ebusuku. Amaningi atshalwa njengezitshalo zomhlobiso, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zimangalisa kakhulu, njengeH Hoya McGillivrea (Hoya macgillivrayi).

Hoya MacGillivrayi © chipmunk_1

Hoya (Hoya) luhlobo lwezitshalo ezingama-evergreen ezishisayo zomndeni waseLastovnevye, nezinhlobo ezingama-250 kuye kwangama-300. Indawo yemvelo yayo eseNingizimu neNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ugu olusentshonalanga ye-Australia, iPolynesia.

Abamele uhlobo lwe-genus curly noma olunamahlumela aphikayo bahlala bengamaqabunga, izihlahlana. Amaqabunga angama-ovate, okusaqanda, aphelele, anomzimba ngokulinganayo, anesikhumba. Ama-inflorescences angama-axillary. Izimbali ziqoqwa kwizambulela; i-corolla yayindilinga enamakhanda amahlanu, enamanzi; umqhele wamakholomu ama-5 awugqinsi, isicaba, i-convex.

Ama-Hoyas ayizitshalo zokuhlobisa ezingavamile. Zikhulela kumagumbi afudumele, athambile futhi apholile, kanjalo nasemakamelweni (izitshalo zingabekezelela kalula umoya owomile). Ezitshalweni, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezisekeli ziyadingeka (ngesimo se-arc, i-trellis noma i-lattice, ikholomu ye-moss nezinti), lapho izihlumela zazo ze-lianoid ziboshwe.

Hoya multiflora (Hoya multiflora). © Mokkie

Izici

Ukukhanya: ukukhanya, izitshalo zibekezelela ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Kodwa-ke, uma kugcinwa elangeni ngesikhathi sokushisa kakhulu ehlobo, ukushisa kungenzeka.

Ukushisa: esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ihlobo 22-25 ° C. Esikhathini sekwindla nobusika bungehli ngaphansi kuka-16 ° (ngaphandle kukaMeaty Khoya (Hoya carnosa), iqukethe ebusika ngo-12-14 ° C).

Ukunisela: kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-Okthoba, amanzi amaningi, athambile, axazululiwe, njengoba ungqimba oluphezulu lwomahluko ongaphansi komhlaba. Ukuchelela kuncishiswa ekwindla, kwenziwa ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngemuva kokuthi ungqimba oluphezulu lwamakheli angaphansi komhlaba (isigaxa sobumba asilethwanga ukumiswa ngokuphelele).

Umswakama womoya: ayidlali indima ebalulekile. Ehlobo, ungafafaza.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu: esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo (izimila), izitshalo ziphendula kahle ngokugqoka nangomanyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali wezitshalo zasendlini (kanye njalo emavikini ayi-2-3).

Izihlahla: ngemuva kokuba isitshalo siphela, kubalulekile ukusika wonke amahlumela amade kunawo wonke, kusale amagatsha amafushane lapho kuvela khona izimbali.

Isikhathi sokuphumula: kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba kuya ku-Mashi. Izitshalo zigcinwa endaweni ekhanyayo, epholile, eniselwa ngokucophelela.

Ukufakelwa: izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa minyaka yonke, njengoba zikhula ngokuqinile ezitsheni ezigcwele kakhulu; Izitshalo zabantu abadala zitshalwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-3.

Ukuzala: ukusika entwasahlobo nasekwindla (ngokomqondo, kungenzeka ukusabalalisa unyaka wonke wesikhathi sokukhula), ukusikwa kwezindebe.

Inkomishi ye-Hoya ye-pubic (Hoya pubicalyx). © Beatrice Murch

Ukunakekelwa

UKhoyam udinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo, izitshalo zibekezelela ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Kodwa-ke, lapho kugcinwa elangeni ngesikhathi sokushisa esishisayo ehlobo, izitshalo zingashiswa. Indawo enhle yokukhula - amawindi anendawo entshonalanga noma yasempumalanga. Lapho ikhule kumafasitela aseningizimu, ntambama ntambama, kungakuhle ukuthi idale ukukhanya kokukhanya usebenzisa indwangu noma iphepha le-translucent noma iphepha (i-tulle, i-gauze, iphepha lokulandela). Izinhlobo nezinsimbi ezitholiwe ezazimi emthunzini (noma ngemuva kobusika) azikwazi ukudalulwa ngokushesha kwimisebe yelanga; kufanele zijwayele kancane kancane. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya, lesi sitshalo asiqhakaze efasiteleni elisenyakatho.

Esikhathini sekwindla-ebusika, lesi sitshalo siqukethe nokukhanya okuhle, umthunzi awudingeki. Entwasahlobo, ngokwanda kwezinga lokukhanya, ukukhanya okwengeziwe kujwayelekile kancane kancane ukugwema ukusha.

Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lokukhula nokukhula kwezitshalo ehlobo kungu 22-25 ° C. Izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe esikhathini sekwindla-nobusika akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-16 ° (umehluko yi-meaty Hoya (Hoya carnosa), igcinwa ebusika ngo-12-14 ° С). Lesi sitshalo siyakwazi ebusika futhi ngo-20-22 ° C, kodwa-ke, kuleli cala, ukuqhakaza okumbalwa okungajwayelekile kungalindelwa. U-Hoya akathandi ukuqina komoya - igumbi elinayo kumele lingene umoya, ebusika lokhu kwenziwa ngokucophelela ukugwema okusalungiswa.

Hoya Mindorensis, Mindorsky (Hoya mimdorensis). © Vermont Hoyas

Kusukela ngo-Mashi kuya ku-Okthoba, ama-hoyas athelwa ngamanzi amaningi athambile, axazululiwe njengengqimba ephezulu yomahluko ongaphansi komhlaba. Ukuchelela kuncishiswa ekwindla, kwenziwa ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngemuva kokuthi ungqimba oluphezulu lwamakheli angaphansi komhlaba (isigaxa sobumba asilethwanga ukumiswa ngokuphelele). Ukunisela kungenziwa ngamanzi afudumele kancane. Uma kuyivelakancane noma kungenzeki ukunisela isitshalo nhlobo, khona-ke isitshalo sifa ingxenye yezimpande, siba buthaka bese kamuva singena esikhathini sokukhula.

Kabili ngonyaka (entwasahlobo nasekwindla), sonke lesi sitshalo sicwiliswa emanzini sishiswe sibe ngama-30-40 ° C imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-40, nesigaxa sobumba amahora ama-2. Lokhu kunomthelela ekukhuleni okungcono nokuqhakaza kwezimbali ngokushesha.

Umswakama awudlali indima enkulu kwi-hoya, kepha kunconyelwa ukuwufafaza esikhathini sentwasahlobo-sasehlobo. Futha ngokucophelela, kungakuhle ukuthi ungalahli amaconsi ezimbali.

Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo (izimila), izitshalo ziphendula kahle ngokugqoka ngomanyolo wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi wezitshalo zasendlini (kanye njalo emavikini ayi-2-3).

Ukukhanya okuphezulu kokukhanya (amawindi akhanyayo emakamelweni) kusebenze ukwakheka kwezimbali. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka kuze kube ekwindla.

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezinhlamvu, i-hoyu akufanele ishukunyiswe ukuze izimbali zingabonisi. Ngaphansi kwamabhulashi wezimbali ungafaka iziqu. Ngemuva kokuba isitshalo siphela, kubalulekile ukusika wonke amahlumela amade kunawo wonke, kusale amagatsha amafushane lapho kuvela khona izimbali. Ama-Peduncle nawo akufanele asuswe, ngoba ngonyaka olandelayo izimbali - kuvela izimbali kuwo.

Ukusekelwa okunamandla kuyadingeka ukugcina izitshalo ziqonde.

Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa minyaka yonke, njengoba zikhula ngokuqinile ezitsheni ezi-bulky xaxa; Izitshalo zabantu abadala zitshalwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-3. Inhlabathi kufanelekile okunempilo futhi kuvunyelwe kalula, i-acidic kancane futhi ingathathi hlangothi (pH 5.5-7). U-Hoya ukhula kahle cishe kunoma yimuphi umhlaba, isibonelo, engadini exutshwe nesihlabathi. Isendlalelombuso esifaneleka kakhulu sakhiwe ngobumba lwethayela-i-turf, iqabunga kanye nomhlaba wokugcina ukushisa (2: 1: 1) noma udaka-turf, umhlaba wamaqabunga, Peat nesihlabathi (2: 1: 1: 1). IHoya (Hoya bella enhle) enhle etshalwa ingxube yenhlabathi yamaqabunga, i-peat, humus nesihlabathi ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo ngokufakwa kwamalahle. Kudingeka amanzi amaningi.

I-Hoya isitshalo esihle sesiko le-hydroponic.

Hoya ridleyi © Vermont Hoyas

Ukuzala

Izitshalo zisakazeka ngokusika kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla (ngokomqondo, kungenzeka ukusabalalisa kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula). Izimbambo zisikwa kanye, ngamabili amaqabunga amaqabunga, kodwa isikhathi eside singasetshenziswa. Ukuvela kwezimpande kuma-petioles akukho emikhondweni, kepha phakathi kwezindawo, ngakho-ke ukusika lokhu akusikiwe ngaphansi kwe-node, kepha ngaphansi kwendawo. Isendlalelo sokuxhunyelelwa senziwe nge-peat - amahora ama-2, isihlabathi - ihora eli-1, futhi singagxila emanzini. Izinga lokushisa elilungile le-rooting liyi-20 ° C okungenani. Ama-Hoya cuttings asuka kalula ezimweni zamakamelo.

Izithombo ezisikiwe (ngosuku lwama-20-25) izithombo ezitshalwe emabhodweni we-9-centimeter. Ukwakheka komhlaba kungokulandelayo: i-turf - ihora eli-1, iqabunga - amahora ama-2, ama-humus - amahora ayi-0.5 nesihlabathi - ihora eli-1; Umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi ungezwa engxube.

Ukuthola izimbali ngonyaka wokuqala, basebenzisa enye indlela yokuzala kabusha - izingqimba zesitimu. Ekudutshulweni kwesitshalo esidala, kwenziwa isigaxa, sigoqiwe nge-moss emanzi, eboshwe nge-twine futhi embozwe ngentambo yepulasitiki. Ngemuva kokwakheka kwezimpande, ingxenye engenhla yehlumela iyanqunywa futhi itshalwe ebhodweni.

Hoya obunjwe ngendebe (Hoya calycina). © Vermont Hoyas

Ukuthola amasampula aminyene athuthukiswe kahle, okungenani izithombo ezisikiwe ezi-3 zitshalwe ebhodweni linye.

Ukuthola izitshalo ezihlotshisiwe, zinciphise ngemuva kokwakhiwa kweqabunga lesi-3-4.

Izindlela zokuqapha: izimbali zesitshalo zinuka. Ukumamatheka kungabangela ukuvela okuthile (isb., Ikhanda). Amaqabunga angadala i-dermatitis.

Ubunzima obungahle bube khona

Ngenxa yokushisa okuphansi kakhulu noma ilanga elikhanya ngokweqile, amaqabunga ayajika abe mnyama, aqale ukoma futhi aqhekeke.
Amahlamvu omoya omile futhi ashisayo ayawa.
Ukusuka ngokweqile noma ukuntuleka komswakama, kanye nomoya omile kakhulu futhi oshisayo, imbali zezimbali ziyawa.
Ukusuka ekugxibeni kwamanzi nasemanzini abandayo asetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokunisela, amaqabunga noma amahlumela angawa.
Ukusuka kokuswakama ngokweqile emhlabathini, izimpande kanye nesisekelo sesiqu kungabola.
Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya nokushintsha kwendawo, izimbali zingawa.
Ngokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen enhlabathini, ukukhula kwezitshalo kuncipha, amaqabunga ajika abe luhlaza (urea kufanele ondliwe ekuhlanganisweni kwe-1 g / l).
Amazinga okushisa aphansi ngokweqile nokunisela ngokweqile noma okwanele kungaholela kuphuzi, ukuncipha kwamaqabunga nokuwa kwawo.

Izinhlobo

I-Majestic Hoya (Hoya imperialis)

Ihlala emahlathini emaphethelweni aseMalacca. Izitshalo ezikhuphukayo, izihlahlana. Amahlumela angama-pubescent. Amaqabunga angama-oval-oblong; Cm 15-20 ubude, kuyindilinga ezansi kwepuleti, elikhombe kafushane endaweni ephezulu, ebushelelezi, enesikhumba. I-Petiole iyi-pubescent, enkulu, ubude obuyi-5-7 cm. Izimbali 6-10 ezilengayo ezilengayo, ubude obungu-12- 20 cm, obomvu obumnyama, buluhlaza ophuzi ngaphandle; umqhele kungekudala ama-pubescent, anama-petals esimise ngenkanyezi, kuma-pedicels amafushane ama-pubescent; ngephunga elimnandi.

I-Hoya multiflora (i-Hoya multiflora)

Ukhula emahlathini eMalaysia. Izitshalo ezikhuphukayo. Amaqabunga angama-oblong-linear. Izimbali ziningi, ziqoqwe kumambulelwa, ophuzi; amacembe amancane; umqhele ngama-arched spurs.

Ngokwesiko, izinhlobo zalo zivamile.

Meaty hoya (Hoya carnosa)

Ukhula emahlathini, emadwaleni, ezihlahleni ezishisayo nase-Asia eseTropiki naseQueensland (Australia). Ama-creepers afinyelela ku-6 m ubude; ukhipha izingongolo, i-pubescent. Amaqabunga angama-ovate-oblong, ovate-cordate, 5-8 cm ubude no-3-4 cm ububanzi, anepex blunt, awumvamisile - akhonjiswe amafushane, aluhlaza okotshani, acwebezelayo, anamahloni, anama-petioles amafushane. Izimbali ezambuleleni, inyama emhlophe noma ephukile, enomqhele opinki phakathi nendawo, kuma-pedicels amafushane, ubude obuyi-2-4 cm; i-corolla ifike ku-1.5 cm ubukhulu, i-5-m medi; i-lobes ebanzi, enemiphetho egobekile futhi i-pubescent ebanzi evela phezulu; ngephunga elimnandi. Isitshalo sokuhlobisa esaziwa kabanzi, sikhulelwe emakamelweni emagumbini okugcina izithombo. Ama-blooms kakhulu entwasahlobo nasehlobo.

Hoya the beautiful (Hoya bella)

Kutholakala emahlathini eBurma. Izihlahlana ezingaphansi. Amahlumela akhasa, athambile, anamaqabunga anamaqabunga. Amaqabunga angama-ovate-lanceolate, mancane, ubude bawo bungama-2-2,5 cm, awugqinsi, abonisiwe, acwebile kancane. Izimbali ze-umbrella ziyaqothula, zincanyana, zifinyelela ku-1.5 cm ubukhulu, i-waxy, emhlophe, e-5-lobed; umqhele obomvu onsomi. Iqhakaza kakhulu futhi yinde ehlobo.