Ukusakazwa kwama-violets eqabunga lasekhaya

Lapho i-Uzambara violets ivela efasiteleni, umlimi ngokuqinisekile uzofuna ukukhulisa iqoqo nezinye izinhlobo noma athole izisekelo ezintsha kulokho okukhona. Imvamisa, ekhaya, ama-violets asatshalaliswa ngamaqabunga asikiwe esitshalweni esidala asithandayo.

Le yindlela elula futhi ejwayelekile yokukhulisa izitolo ezisencane, okuzoba lula ukuyazi kahle ngisho nakubaqalayo abasanda kuba nentshisekelo kusiko elimangalisa kangaka njenge-Saintpaulia.

Isikhathi esihle sokusakazeka kwama-violets sisentwasahlobo kanye nasehlobo izinyanga, lapho izitshalo zinokushisa okwanele nokukhanya. Kepha uma kunesidingo, ngokwesibonelo, uma ukutshala ama-violets ngeqabunga kuyindlela yodwa yokonga izinhlobo ezingandile, umlimi onolwazi angakwazi ukufeza amacebo akhe ngisho nasebusuku elifushane.

Ukukhetha nokukhethwa kweqabunga lokusakaza ama-violets

Impumelelo ekwandiseni ama-violets incike kakhulu ezintweni ezikhethiwe zokutshala. Uma iqabunga libuthaka noma ligula, kuzoba nzima kakhulu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kungenangqondo, ukwamukela inzalo eningi neqinile.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokukhula i-violet eqabunga, sondela ngokucophelela ekukhetheni kwayo. Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi bayelulekwa ukuthi bangasebenzisi amaqabunga aqhamuka esiswini esiphansi kakhulu enhlabathini ukuze basakaze. Zindala, mhlawumbe sezenziwe buthaka, ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinhlamvini ezinjengamaqabunga, amathuba okusakazeka kwamagciwane nama-fungal spores aphezulu.

Kungcono ukusika isithungo kusuka kuyi-tier yesibili noma yesithathu, lapho amaqabunga akhiwa khona ngokwanele, afinyelele usayizi wabantu abadala futhi abe ne-turgor ebunjiwe.

Kwesinye isikhathi izinto zokutshala ziyashona, ngoba sezilahlekelwe ukubonakala kwawo nokuqina. Lokhu kwenzeka uma befuna ukuthola ukuphuma okusha eshidini elithengiwe esitolo, okutholwe ngeposi evela e-nursery noma kutholwe kubantu obajwayele.

Umgwaqo omude, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukunisela okungajwayelekile, kuthinta ngokushesha isimo sepuleti leqabunga nokusika. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukubeka iqabunga lonke elenzelwe ukukhulisa ama-violets ngaphambi kokutshala amahora ambalwa emanzini afudumele abilayo, lapho amakristalu amaningana we-potanganum permanganate efakwe ngaphambili. Lesi silinganiso sizovumela ishidi ukuthi libuyele esimweni salo sangaphambilini futhi likhubaze amagciwane.

Lapho-ke isiqu seshidi somiswe esibhinqeni sibekwa ngokucophelela, sisikwe ngommese obukhali kude nobude obuyi-3-4 cm ukusuka esisekelweni seqabunga leqabunga. Ukusikwa kungaba ngokuqondile noma engela lika-45 °.

Iqabunga eliqukethe imbali lokusakaza ama-violets emanzini

Lapho ishidi elisikiwe lingena emanzini, kulula kakhulu futhi ngokushesha inqubo yokwakheka kwezimpande.

Kwabaqalayo abangakaze babandakanyeke ekusakazeni ama-violets, ukubamba iqabunga kulula kakhulu emanzini abilisiwe noma amisiwe. Lokhu kuzovumela:

landelela ngokunembile isimo sokutshala;
ngesikhathi sokuvikela ukubola kwezihlahla;
bona ukwakheka kohlelo lwezimpande nokuqala kwezitolo ezizayo.

Ngaphambi kokuba iqabunga le-violet lisakazeke emanzini, isitsha sihlanzwa ngokuphelele, futhi uma sinezitsha eziningi ezilahlayo, bese sizaliswa inzalo. Kungcono ukuthatha izingilazi ezincane noma ama-bubble enziwe ngengilazi emnyama, okuzovimbela ukwakheka kwe-algae eluhlaza odongeni lomkhumbi nokungcoliswa kwamanzi. inqubo yokubamba imbala:

Ishidi lingcwatshwa ngu-1.5-2 cm.
Ukusikwa kwesibambo akumele kuthinte umkhumbi, ongabekwa kuwo ishidi ngephepha noma ngesembozo esitsheni samanzi.
Ukuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane we-pathogenic kanye ne-microscopic algae, ithebhulethi lekhabhoni esebenzayo iconswa emanzini.
Ukufafaza umswakama kufakwa futhi kancane kancane, kusetshenziswa kuphela amanzi ahlanzekile, ukunaka ukungamanzisi ipuleti leshidi futhi ngaphandle kokushintsha izinga lokuqala loketshezi.

Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo nangesimo seqabunga elikhethiwe ekusakazweni kwama-violets, ukubukeka kwezimpande kungabonakala ngemuva kwamasonto angu-2 - 2.

Uma, naphezu kwayo yonke imizamo yokusikwa, bekungeyona izimpande ezivelayo, kepha iminonjana yokubola, iqabunga lalikhishwe emanzini, lome futhi lithwetshelwe ngokucophelela, lisusa izicubu ezonakele. Amalahle afanayo azosiza ukuvimbela ukubola, kulokhu kuphela - ochotshoziwe waba yimpuphu. Bacubungula isilayi esisha, bese ishidi selicwiliswa emanzini.

Ngomkhondo wokubola, amanzi ayashintshwa, bese isitsha sikhishwe amagciwane.

Lapho izimpande eziningi eziqinile zingu-1-2 cm ubude zikhula esiqwini seqabunga, sekuyisikhathi sokudlulisela iqabana kwingxube yenhlabathi.

Kwezinye izimo, abatshali bezimbali abathathi izinto zokutshala ngaphandle kwamanzi kuze kube yilapho ama-rosette amancane ebamba esibayeni. Futhi sezimbiwe ku-substrate yezakhi. Kodwa-ke, kunobungozi bokwenza buthaka amahlumela, anciphise ukukhula nokukhula. Ukuze ukhule i-violet eqabunga esele inikeze izimpande, thatha izingilazi ezincane zepulasitiki noma amabhodwe anezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Ingxenye yesithathu yemikhumbi igcwele amanzi, ngakho-ke izibuko cishe zigcwaliswa ngokuphelele inhlabathi.

Ungatshala kanjani iqabunga le-violet enhlabathini? Okokuqala, isibambo neqabunga ngokwalo akufanele kungcwatshwe ngokujulile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izitolo ezizophuma ziyofika ebusweni isikhathi eside, ziba buthaka noma zingathinteki nhlobo. Emaceleni okusikiwe, inhlabathi iyahlanganiswa, yomiswe, futhi ngale ndlela ibhodwe lifakwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma embozwe ngesikhwama ukudala isimo esihle sokwanda kwama-violets kanye nokugcina umswakama. Uma ngasikhathi sinye umtshali ezokhula ama-violets ezinhlobonhlobo ezivela emaqabungeni, amabhodwe afakwe imibhalo ehambelana negama lesitshalo nosuku lokutshala.

Ukusuka ku-greenhouse noma ngaphansi kwefilimu, izitshalo ziyakhishwa ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlamvu amancane emhlabathini ngenhla. Njengomthetho, ukulinda lo mzuzu kungathatha okungenani amasonto amabili.

Ukwemboza iqabunga le-violet engxenyeni yenhlabathi

Amaqabunga atshalwe emhlabathini atheleka ngokuphelele, futhi inqubo yokukhula kwe-violets kusuka kokusikwa kwamaqabunga isheshe kakhulu. Le ndlela ibalulekile ngenkathi kokusakazeka ama-violets athathe iqabunga kusuka esitshalweni esincane esidala noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto zokutshala sezithathiwe sezivele zabuna.

Iqabunga lilungiselelwe ngendlela efanayo nasendabeni yokuqala, kepha ukusikeka ezinhlotsheni ezincane kuncishiswa ngisho nangokwengeziwe, kushiya konke kusuka kusentimitha kuya kwesigamu.

Izinkomishi noma izimbiza ezincane ezinomthamo ongafika ku-100 ml kanye no-cm ongamasentimitha ayi-5 zikulungele kahle ukutshala.Okwesithathu komthamo kugcwele ngezinto zokudonsa. Uma lunwetshiwe ngobumba, kungakuhle ukukubhaka kuhhavini ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokusabalalisa izifo zokukhunta nezikhunta.

Ngokulandelayo, inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ithululelwa engilazini bese kwenziwa umgodi wesibambo. Ukugcwalisa lokhu kugoqeka, akuwona umhlabathi ojwayelekile osetshenziswayo, kepha oxutshwe ubumbano nge-perlite. Kulokhu, kuzoba lula ngezitolo ezincane ukuthuthukisa nokwamukela umoya odingekayo.

Kwesinye isikhathi ungabona amathiphu wokukhula kwe-violets ku-perlite emsulwa. Kodwa-ke, lesi sixazululo singaphumela ekufeni kwezitshalo ezingavuthiwe, ngoba i-perlite ngaphandle kwezinye izinto zenhlabathi ayibambi umswakama kahle futhi yomile ngokushesha.

Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi yama-violets kufaka hhayi kuphela i-perlite, kodwa futhi ne-sphagnum moss, egcina amanzi futhi ibe nomphumela we-antibacterial.

Lapho utshala, ingxube yenhlabathi kufanele ibe nomswakama omncane. Izinto zokutshala zingcwatshwe enhlabathini zingadluli ku-5 mm ngezinhlobo ezincane futhi 1-1,5 cm wezimbali ezinobukhulu obujwayelekile. Ukubuka ividiyo yokuthi ungasabalalisa kanjani iqabunga le-violet, ungafunda okuningi mayelana nokuxakaniseka kwale nqubo bese ngokugwema amaphutha acasulayo. Amashidi ambalwa angatshalwa enkomishini eyodwa, into esemqoka ukuthi abe ebangeni elifanayo futhi abhalwe ngokucophelela.

Njengasesimweni sokuqala, lapho ukusikwa okunezimpande ezakhiwe kwatshalwa enhlabathini, inhlabathi icwilisa kancane, yomiswe bese ingilazi ibekwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa. Ngakho-ke lokho kubumba akuhlali emhlabathini, futhi izitshalo zingaboli, ukutshala kwesinye isikhathi kuyenziwa emoyeni, kuvikele kokusalungiswa nomoya obandayo.

Umphumela omuhle ukutshala amaqabunga ama-violets ahloselwe ukusakazwa kumathebula we-peat. Ngenxa ye-substrate evulekile, enempilo, izitshalo zakha ngokushesha izimpande nama-rosette amasha.

Ungakhula kanjani i-violet kusuka eqabunga? Yiziphi izimo ezibalulekile kwisitshalo esincane, nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ihlumela ukuze igxilwe ngempumelelo futhi ngokushesha? Isimo esiyinhloko sokuphumelela kwenqubo ekhulayo singabhekwa njengokunakwa njalo kwisitshalo esincane se-violet, esinikezwe yi:

ukukhanya okunempilo futhi kutholakala emoyeni nomswakama;
okushisa okuzinzile kokutshalwa kwe-oda lika-22-26 ° C;
amahora emini okungenani amahora ayi-12;
ukuthambisa ejwayelekile kanye neyodwa;
umswakama oqhubekayo nokuvikelwa komoya.

Ama-warts kuma-racks afakwe isibani sangemuva esenziwe ngamalambu we-phyto azizwa kahle. Anikeza izitshalo izimo ezikahle zokukhula ngisho ekwindla nasebusika.

Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi yama-violets nokulungiswa kwawo

Ingxube yenhlabathi yokutshala ama-violets ngeqabunga ilungiswa kusengaphambili, njalo ngosuku ngaphambi kokuba isitshalo singene enhlabathini, siyikhiphe isibulala magciwane futhi siyixuba nazo zonke izinto nomanyolo.

Njengesisekelo se-substrate, ungathatha inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo ngama-violets noma izithombo zezitshalo zasengadini. Kepha abalimi bezimbali abanolwazi bathembisa umphumela omuhle uma wenza ingxube ngokwakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezingoma eziningi ezithande inhlabathi zama-violets. Omunye wabo waphakanyiswa ngumfuyi odumile uBuer Makouni.

1 ingxenye yamaqabunga amaqabunga;
Izingxenye ezi-3 ezihlohliwe;
1 ingxenye yesihlabathi esimsulwa;
2 ingxenye eluhlaza moss;
1 ingxenye sphagnum;
1 ingxenye yengadi yomhlaba.

Namuhla, izinto ezinjenge-perlite ne-vermiculite zisetshenziselwa ukuxubana kwenhlabathi kwama-violets akhulayo, aqinisekisa ukwakheka okuhle kwenhlabathi nokuqina kwayo. Ukonakalisa inhlabathi kanye nekhwalithi yayo, amalahle aqhekeziwe kanye ne-sphagnum angeniswa emhlabathini. Awungeke uyidlulise ngengxenye yokugcina, uma kungenjalo inhlabathi iyaqina futhi umswakama futhi izimpande zayo zingabola.

Uma i-sphagnum isetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwenhlabathi yama-violets, ichotshozwa. Ngokuvamile, kuhle ukusebenzisa ama-moss anjalo ukudonsa ngamabhodwe amancane.

Ukwahlukaniswa kwezitolo ezintsha lapho kusakazwa ama-violets ngeqabunga

Ukwakheka kwesisekelo sephepha lama-rosette amadodakazi amaningi anobubanzi obuyi-3 kuya ku-5 cm kukhombisa ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokutshala izitshalo. Uma ekhaya, ama-warts ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene atshalwa ngamaqabunga, ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, izitshalo zendodakazi kufanele kube luhlaza, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga amhlophe angeke akwazi ukunikeza ukudla okukhishwayo okuhlanganisiwe.

Kulokhu, izingane kuzodingeka ukuthi zihlukaniswe ngendlela yokuthi irosette ngalinye elincanyana linamaqabunga okungenani elilodwa lamaqabunga anendawo yokukhula nenani lezimpande ezithile.

Ukwenza ukwahlukana kube yinto ebuhlungu kakhulu kuma-violets:

umhlaba ebhodweni umunyiswe kahle;
isitshalo sikhishwa kanye nenhlama yenhlabathi;
kancane kancane usule izimpande zenhlabathi.

Ukusabalalisa ama-warts asayizi omncane kangako, bathatha amabhodwe amancanyana anesilinganiso esingaba ngu-4 cm, lapho kudluliselwa khona izisekelo zamadodakazi, ngaphandle kokujula, njengokusika ngaphambili.

Izingane ezinezimpande ezinganele zitshalwa kangcono hhayi emhlabathini, kepha, njengezigaxa zamaqabunga, enhlanganisweni yenhlabathi ne-perlite. Isitshalo esinjalo sibekwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma kwifilimu izinsuku eziyi-10-14.

Izisekelo esezikhulile zidluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo lapho ubukhulu bazo buphindwe ka-1.5-2 ubukhulu bebhodwe. Kulokhu, izitshalo zizodinga iziqukathi ezinobubanzi obungafika ku-6 cm, ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-violets kuzo aphathwa kahle kakhulu ndawonye nesigaxa sobumba esikhona, futhi inhlabathi entsha ifakwa ezansi naseduzane, ibeka isisekelo esisekhona ebhodweni.