I-Blehnumy, noma i-Derbyanki - ama-ferns esikweni lawo ayathandeki. Ababekezeleli ukubanda noma okusalungiswa. Badinga umswakama ophezulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye baphendule kabi ekufafazeni. Kuhle ukukhulisa ama-blhnums "efasiteleni elishisayo." Amaqabunga afana “nesigqoko” samaqabunga esundu. Ngokucatshangelwa okudala, isiqu sibonakala ngokucacile ezansi. Funda ngezici zokukhulisa le fern esihlokweni sethu.
I-Blechnum humpback, noma iDerbyanka humpback (i-Blechnum gibbum).
UDerbyanka - Incazelo yeBotanical
URod Derbyanka, noma uBlehnum (I-Blechnum) Ibalelwa ku-140 izinhlobo zamaferns omndeni wakwaDerbyankov (I-Blechnaceae), esatshalaliswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezishisayo nezindawo ezishisayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo eRussia, inhlobo eyodwa ye-derbyanki ikhula - i-spiny derbyanka, noma i-Blehnum spiny (I-Blechnum spicant).
Emvelweni, i-derbyanka isitshalo esikhulu esinjengesundu esinamagatsha afinyelela 1 m ubude. Isiqu se-fern iyi-rhizome eguquliwe, ezitshalweni ezindala ezimeni zangaphakathi zifinyelela ukuphakama okungaba ngu-50 cm, embozwe ngezikali ezinsundu. Amagatsha awo avele ahlakazwa nge-cirrus cishe angama-50-60 cm ubude, aluhlaza ngombala. I-Sporangia engaphansi kweqabunga, eduze komphetho we izingxenye.
Izinhlobo zeBlackheads
Ezimweni zasendlini, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-derbyanka zivame ukutshala kakhulu:
- I-Blechnum humpback, noma iDerbyanka humpbacked (I-Blechnum gibbum) Inamaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile cishe awekho ama-petioles. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ezindlini zezimbali zasendlini.
- IBlechnum yaseBrazil, noma iDerbyanka yaseBrazil (I-Blechnum brasilense) Inamacembe aluhlaza omnqumo obanzi.
- Blehnum Moore, noma iDerbyanka Moore (Blechnum moorei) Isihlahla esincane esingamasentimitha angama-30 ngosayizi, ama-petioles amaqabunga acishe abe mnyama ngombala, kuyilapho amaqabunga ngokwawo eluhlaza futhi ecwebezelayo.
- I-Blechnum serratus, noma i-Serbyanka serrate (I-Blechnum serrulatum), isichazamazwi iBlehnum Indian, iDerbyanka Indian (Isibonakaliso seBlechnum).
Izidingo zokutshala i-blehnum
Isibani: indawo kumele isitshelwe ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo - i.e. ukukhanya okugqamile noma umthunzi okhethe okuncane. IBlechnum iyisitshalo esibekezelela umthunzi, kuyanconywa ukuyibeka enyakatho noma entshonalanga windows, kanye nangemuva kwekamelo. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kungalimaza isitshalo.
Ukunisela: Kuphela ngamanzi afudumele, ahleliwe angenawo ulamula. Ukunisela entwasahlobo nasehlobo kuningi, ebusika kuyalingana, kepha inhlabathi kumele ibe nomswakama ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukomisa kanye nomswakama omningi emhlabathini nakho kulimaza ngokulinganayo i-blehnum. Kuyelulekwa ukuthi ungasinisi isitshalo esisha kusuka phezulu, kodwa usinciphise emanzini ngebhodwe, ushiye imizuzu eyi-1-2. Emva kwalokhu, amanzi amaningi kumele avunyelwe ukugaya.
Umswakama womoya: Njengamafern amaningi, iBlehnum ithanda umoya omanzi, kepha ukufafaza kungonakalisa amaqabunga. Ngakho-ke, amabhodwe anezitshalo abekwa kumathreyi enobumba obunwebekile olumanzi. Ebusika, amabhethri alengiswa ngendwangu emanzi.
Ukufakelwa: ukufakelwa kwenziwa entwasahlobo, lapho izimpande zigcwalisa yonke imbiza. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe nokusabela okuncane. IBlechnum itshalwe emgodini ongaphansi kwenhlabathi ofanele amafeni amaningi. Njengomthetho, uqukethe izingxenye ezi-2 zezwe le-peat land, izingxenye ezi-2 ze-humus, 1 okuyingxenye ye-moss oqoshiwe kanye nengxenye engu-1 yesihlabathi. Isitshalo siyatshalwa njengoba sikhula, lapho sigcwala ebhodweni. Ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambi kokufakelwa, i-fern kufanele iniselwe.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu: ehlobo, Umanyolo owuketshezi wezitshalo zasendlini eziwohlokayo njalo emavikini amabili. I-Blehnum iyazwela kakhulu kumanyolo owedlulele, ngakho-ke umthamo kufanele uthathwe amahlandla ama-2 ngaphansi kokunconywe ngumenzi. Ukuwa kobusika - ngaphandle kokugqoka okuphezulu.
Izihlahla: ayidingi.
Ukushisa: i-ferns ephezulu kakhulu yokukhula - 18-22 ° С. Ukushisa okuphezulu kungadala ukuthi isitshalo sitshiswe ngamandla. I-Blechnum kumele ivikelwe kokusalungiswa.
I-Blechnum Moore, noma iDerbyanka Moore (Blechnum moorei).
Ukusakazeka kwama-blackheads
IDerbyki inyakaziswa izikhala kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes. Lapho kudluliswa, ama-rhizomes ahlukaniswe izingxenye zaba ngommese obukhali, izindawo zezinhlamvu zifafazwa ngamalahle achotshoziwe, ingxenye ngayinye itshalwe ebhodweni elihlukile. Naka inani lamaphuzu okukhula. Uma kunephuzu elilodwa lokukhula noma bambalwa ngenani, khona-ke awukwazi ukwahlukanisa isitshalo, lokhu kungaholela ekufeni. Izitshalo ezisencane ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa aziqali ukukhula ngokushesha.
Ungazama ukusabalalisa isitshalo kusuka ezinhlamvwini ezakhiwe endaweni engezansi kwamaqabunga. Kuhlwanyelwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, okuhle kunakho konke enkulisa efudumele kusuka ngaphansi, lapho kugcinwa khona izinga lokushisa lama-21 ° C. Sika iqabunga lesitshalo bese usula izimbali ephepheni. Thela enkulisa ungqimba lwamanzi kanye nenhlabathi yegciwane lokutshala imbewu. Nisela inhlabathi kahle bese usabalalisa izinhlamvu ngokulinganayo ngangokunokwenzeka. Mboza i-nursery ngengilazi bese uyibeka endaweni emnyama, efudumele.
Nsuku zonke, susa kafushane ingilazi ukuze ungene umoya omncane, kepha ungavumeli umhlaba womile. I-nursery kufanele igcinwe ebumnyameni kuze kubonakale izitshalo (lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngemuva kwamasonto angama-4 ukuya ku-12). Bese uyidlulisela endaweni ekhanyayo bese ususa ingilazi. Lapho izitshalo zikhula, zimbambe, zishiya eziqine kakhulu ziqhelelane no-2,5 cm zisuka komunye. Izinsizakusebenza ezintsha ezikhula kahle ngemuva kokuncipha zingadluliselwa ezimbizeni ezinomhlabathi we-peaty - izitshalo ezi-2-3 ngayinye.
I-Blechnum humpback, noma iDerbyanka humpback (i-Blechnum gibbum).
Izifo ze-derbyanki
Amaqabunga aphenduka amabala aphuzi, amabala ansundu avela kuwo - Kusho ukuthi izinga lokushisa lekamelo liphezulu kakhulu (ngenhla ngama-25 ° C), elingafuneki kuma-ferns. Isizathu singabuye sibe ukuchelela okungajwayelekile noma okunganele kanye nokufafaza njalo.
Amaqabunga aphuzi, isitshalo sikhula kabi - Umswakama ophansi kakhulu egumbini, ukusondela kohlelo lokushisa, izimpawu ezifanayo zingabonakala uma isitshalo sitshalwe emhlabathini osindayo noma obanzi kakhulu imbiza.
Kushiya amaqabunga, edlulele, ebabayo - Ukukhanya kwelanga okukhulu kakhulu.
Amaqabunga aphuzi noma abuthuntu, imikhawulo iphenduka iphuzi noma nsundu, isitshalo asikhuli noma sikhule kabi - Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo, imbiza encane kakhulu noma enkulu kakhulu.
Amaqabunga angaphenduka ophuzi, ansundu, acwebezele futhi awele, amaqabunga amancane abune futhi afe - ngamazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu egumbini, kusukela ekuchayweni kokubhaliwe okubandayo, ukunisela ngamanzi abandayo, lapho kuniselwa ngamanzi alukhuni noma adidiyelwe.
I-Blechnum spiny, noma i-Derbyanka spiny (i-Blechnum spicant).
Akekho othi i-ferns kulula ukuyikhulisa, kepha lokho kuyintshisekelo yonke, into esemqoka ukuthi iyasebenza. Yize kungenasisekelo, umphumela uyakufanele!
