Umndeni: Maple noma Sangena. Ndodo: Maple. Izinhlobo: Maple American (Acer negundo) noma mapas Yasenelistny.
Kutholakala endle eNyakatho Melika. Kubhekiselwa kwizitshalo ezinenqwaba yezithombe. Idla ukudla okunempilo, ngomswakama omaphakathi womhlaba. Kudinga ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kufinyelela kumamitha angama-20 nangaphezulu kwamamitha. Isikhathi sokuphila endle sifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-100. Indlela yokusabalalisa: ngembewu.
Isihlahla saseMelika Maple kanye namahlamvu
Imephu yaseMelika ingeyezihlahla ezinquma kahle. Umuthi unesiqu esifushane, esihlotshisiwe sombala onsundu ezansi. Lapho indala isihlahla, kumnyama ukubhoboza kwesiqu sayo. Amamephu amancane anemifantu emincane ebusweni begxolo. Njengoba umuthi ukhula, ziba zijula, kancane kancane ziguquka zibe yimifantu.
Amagatsha amade, aqhakaza, abushelelezi ngombala oluhlaza okotshani noma omnqumo asuka ekuhlanganeni kwesiqu. Emagatsheni esihlahla uvame ukubona itshe eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. ICrohn ibanzi futhi iyasakazeka.
Amaqabunga ayinkimbinkimbi, ipineyini, i-petiolate. Ishidi ngalinye liqukethe amaqabunga ama-3 noma ama-5 ubude (aze afike ku-10 cm). Amaqabunga anomphetho we-serated ne-point, kwesinye isikhathi okukhanyayo, okuphezulu. Ingaphezulu leshidi limnyama kunaphansi. Ingxenye engezansi yeshidi i-pubescent. Ekwindla, amaqabunga ashintsha umbala abe yimithunzi ephuzi nebomvu.
Amacembe aseMelika maple afana ngokufana namaqabunga omlotha, ngakho-ke elinye lamagama athi "lesi sitshalo yiJasenovidny maple." Maple isitshalo dioecious. Esihlahleni sinye, kepha emagatsheni ahlukene, kukhona izimbali zabesifazane nabesilisa. Izimbali zabesilisa ziqoqwa emalungeni alengisiwe. Ama-anthers abo apendiwe ngamathoni abomvu. Ama-inflorescence abesifazane aluhlaza futhi aqoqwe ngebhulashi le-inflorescence. Imephu yaseMelika iqala ukuqhakaza ngoMeyi. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka kuze kuvele amaqabunga okuqala. Ekwindla, kuqhuma izihlahla zemifino emhlophe esihlahleni.
Izithelo ze-lionfish, eziqukethe imbewu eyodwa namaphiko amabili, zingama-4 cm ubude.I-Lionfish iyavuthwa ngasekupheleni kwehlobo (Agasti, Septhemba) futhi ihlale kulesi simila kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Izihlahla ezivuthiwe ziyamelana kakhulu nokubandayo futhi zibekezelela kalula amazinga okushisa aphansi afinyelela ku-35 ° C. Ukumelana nesithwathwa kwezihlahla ezincane kuphansi kakhulu.
Isitshalo sibonisa ngokukhula ngokushesha nokukhula ngokushesha. Ibekezelela kalula ukungcoliswa komoya ophakeme, ivumelane nezimo ukuze ikhule ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Iminyaka yokuphila engaphandle icishe ibe yiminyaka engama-30. Ubunzima bokuphakama okuphezulu. Kusatshalaliswa imbewu (ukuhlwanyelwa) kanye amahlumela zisetshenziswa.
Ukusabalala kwe-maple le-ashberry laseMelika
Esifundeni sasendle, imephu yaseMelika itholakala eTugai (ihlathi elisogwini lolwandle olungaphephile) eCanada naseMelika. Ingabonakala eMpumalanga Ekude, e-Asia Ephakathi, emahlathini aqatha emhlabathini omanzi kakhulu, noma omile.
E-Russia, endle, kusatshalaliswa kabanzi esifundeni esiPhakathi naseSiberia. Imephu yaseMelika ihlangana ngokuphumelelayo nezinhlobo ezihlukile zezi poplars, iminyuzi, kanye ne-oki nomlotha.
Usebenzisa iMaple
Ngenxa yokukhula okusheshayo nokungathobeki, imephu yaseMelika isetshenziswa kabanzi ekubonakaleni imigwaqo yedolobha, lapho kudalwa amapaki nezindawo zokulala.
Kodwa-ke, lesi sitshalo, njengesihlahla somhlaba, sinezinkinga zaso:
- isikhathi sokuphila esifushane ezindaweni zasemadolobheni (kuze kube iminyaka engama-30).
- ukushuba okubangelwa umoya onamandla, imvula nesichotho.
- ukuba khona kwesiphuzo sezimpande esikhula ngokushesha esibhubhisa i-asphalt futhi kudinga ukulungiswa.
- ukwakheka ngenkathi kokuqhakaza kwenqwaba yempova, okungadala ukungezwani komzimba kubantu.
- umqhele omkhulu kakhulu, obanzi, obopha imigwaqo, okuyindawo yezinambuzane, kufaka phakathi imikhaza.
- Izimpande namaqabunga okubola akhipha ubuthi obungavimbela ukukhula kwezinye izitshalo ezikhula eduze kwe-maple.
- Ukuzilima ngokweqile kuholela ekuchichimeni okwezele, okumele kulwelwe njengokhula.
Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sitshalo njengesihlahla somhlaba akuvunyelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ngamagama okuhlobisa, i-maple yaseMelika ayilona inani elikhulu. Inomqhele omuhle, opendwe kahle ngokwemvelo ekwindla. Ngenxa yemibala ehlukahlukene yamaqabunga (okuluhlaza okotshani, ophuzi nokubomvu) kubukeka kumangalisa kakhulu.
Ekubunjweni komhlaba, isitshalo asisetshenziswa neze. Lokhu kungenxa yezici zesakhiwo sesiqu saso. Imfishane, inamagatsha amaningi, ivele igobile. Amagatsha abuthaka kakhulu. I-maple yaseMelika ayilungele ukudala uthango futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu njengohlobo lwesikhashana, olusetshenziselwa ukutshala ingadi ngokushesha kuhlangene nezinye, izinhlobo zokuhlobisa, kodwa ezikhula kancane.
Izinkuni ze-Ash-Tree maple zihlala isikhathi esifushane futhi azihlali isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kufanelekile kuphela ekwenzeni iziqukathi zokhuni nezinye izinto zasendlini.
Ingxenye ephansi, ebanzi kakhulu yesiqu (komli) futhi ikhula esiqwini (somlomo) salesi sitshalo kusikwe inephethini elingajwayelekile, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni imisebenzi yokudala. Amaseshi, imifanekiso ebaziwe ayisikiwe kubo, kusikwa izibambo zommese.
Entwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo sinika ujusi omnandi omningi. Kwamanye amazwe, ngokwesibonelo, eNyakatho Melika, imaple yaqala ukusetshenziswa njengoshukela.
Endle, lesi sitshalo sithandwa yizinyoni ezithanda ukwenza izidleke emqhele waso omnyama, kuthi ekwindla zidle i-lionfish. Bathanda ukujabulela izithelo ze-maple ne-squirrel.
Isitshalo sinenani lokuzala. Ngokwesisekelo sayo, ososayensi bakha izindlela ezintsha zokuhlobisa zezihlahla nezihlahla. Umphumela wokukhethwa yi-Flamingo maple, enenani elihle kakhulu lokuhlobisa.
Ukunakekelwa kwezihlahla
Imephu yaseMelika ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuphelele. Uma usiphatha ngokucophelela lesi sitshalo futhi usidonsela ukunaka, uzokubonga ngomqhele we-chic futhi akunikeze isithunzi futhi upholile ngosuku olushisayo lwehlobo.
Ukunakekela lapho utshala isitshalo kuqukethe ukufaka umanyolo wamaminerali ngqo emigodini yokutshala. Ngemuva kokutshala, kungakuhle ukusebenzisa izithombo zezihlahla. I-mulching yenziwa ngesendlalelo esingamasentimitha amahlanu noma Peat.
Entwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo sinikezwa isisombululo samanyolo we-potassium ne-sodium. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwehlobo kwenziwa ehlobo lomanyolo weKemira station wagon.
I-maple yaseMelika ibekezelela kalula isomiso, kepha iyakhula futhi ikhula kangcono lapho inisela. Izinga lokunisela: amalitha ayi-15 ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Ezihlahleni ezincane, okujwayelekile kufanele kukhushulwe amahlandla ama-2. Kungcono ukunisela isitshalo kanye ngenyanga, ihlobo elomile - kanye ngesonto.
Ngenkathi yehlobo, ukhula nokhula kwenhlabathi kuyinto efiselekayo ukuze luyicebise ngomoya-mpilo. Ukunakekelwa kwehlobo kufaka ukugatsha kwamagatsha owomile nanesifo. Ezinye izinhlobo zingamagatsha akhula ngomdlandla, kungcono futhi ukuzisusa.
Ekwindla sekwephuzile, izintambo zezimpande zezitshalo ezisencane (zonyaka) zidinga ukuvalwa ngensimbi eminyene noma ngamagatsha e-spruce. Zithathwa kalula yiqhwa. Izitshalo zabantu abadala azimelani neqhwa futhi azidingi ukuvikelwa ebusika.
Ukukhula
Ukutshala kwenziwa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Ukutshala izithombo kwenziwa ngemigodi elungiselelwe ngokukhethekile, kuya ekujuleni okungajulile. Umsuka wempande yesithombo kufanele ube sezingeni lomhlabathi. Esimweni lapho amanzi omhlabathi edlula eduze kwendawo yokubamba, noma ukufika komhlaba kwenziwa ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi, kuyadingeka ukukhulula kahle phansi komgodi. Kufakwa amanzi lapho kuhlanganiswa khona isihlabathi nemfucuza yokwakha egumbini lokuphumula lokutshala, ngesendlalelo esingafika ku-20 cm.
Lapho ukutshala, izithombo zitholakala ebangeni lamamitha ayi-3-4 ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ukwakha uthango - wonke umuntu nohhafu, amamitha amabili.
Ash Maple Flamingo
Esikhathini sikhula endle eNyakatho Melika. Umuthi wethulwa eYurophu ngekhulu le-17. Itshalwe eRussia kusukela ngo-1796. Ngaphandle, lolu hlobo lwe-maple luwumuthi omncane noma isihlahlana esineziqu eziningi. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo 5-8 amamitha. Izici ezihlukile zalolu hlobo zingamaqabunga kanye nomqhele.
I-Flamingo maple inamaqabunga ayinkimbinkimbi, ama-pinnate, aqukethe amaqabunga e-petiolate ngamanye (kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-5). Ubude beqabunga bungamasentimitha ayi-10. Umbala wamaqabunga uyashintsha njengoba aqhakaza:
- kumahlamvu amancane amaqabunga ayimpunga yesiliva.
- ehlobo, kuvela umngcele omhlophe - opinki kuzo futhi amabala ethunzi afanayo asatshalaliswa ngokungalingani kuyo yonke indawo yeqabunga leqabunga.
- eduze nekwindla, umbala wamaqabunga uba nsundu okhanyayo ngemibala emnyama epinki nemibala eluhlaza okotshani.
Umqhele wesihlahla unesimo esiyindilinga nobubanzi obungafika kumamitha amane nokubukeka okuvulekile. Ihlukaniswa imibala engavamile. Lesi sihlahla sibukeka sihle kakhulu futhi siba ngumhlobiso wangempela wemigwaqo, izikwele nezingadi. Isitshalo sigcina ukuhlobisa impilo yonke.
Njengabanye abamele uhlobo lweMaple yohlobo oluthile, imephu yaseFlamingo isitshalo esijwayelekile. Kwisitshalo esisodwa kukhona ama-inflorescence abesilisa nabesifazane. Mncane impela futhi une-tint eluhlaza okotshani. Izithelo - i-grey lionfish.
Lolu hlobo lwe-maple lukhula kahle ezindaweni ezikhanyisiwe, luthanda inhlabathi evundile, enamanzi amaningi. Ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi.
