Uhlobo lwesitshalo esinjengalesi saxifrage (Saxifraga) ihlobene ngqo nomndeni wakwaSaxifragaceae. Ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-400 zezitshalo ezingama-herbaceous, iningi lazo zingama-perennials, kanti ezinye zonke zingezodwa noma ze-biennials. Ukhetha ukukhula emvelweni ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esibuhlungu. Ngakho-ke, lesi sitshalo singatholakala ezifundeni ezingaphansi, ezintabeni zase-Alps, empumalanga yeGreenland, nasezingxenyeni ezisentshonalanga nasempumalanga yeHimalaya. ISaxifrage ithanda ukuhlala emigqonyeni yamatshe, ezindaweni ezivulwe ngamatshe, odongeni lwamatshe, futhi kutholakala nasezindabeni eziphansi.
Izimpande azikhuliswanga kahle ngenxa yenhlabathi ezindaweni lapho lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhula khona. Uhlelo lwezimpande licishe lube yimicu, kepha kunezimpande ezimbalwa ezincane. Amahlamvu cishe azo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo zalolu hlobo kungenzeka atholakale ngqo phezu kwenhlabathi, noma aqoqwe ezimpandeni eziminyene. Ama-Peduncle mude futhi awashadi. Baphuma phakathi kwe-rosette equkethe amaqabunga. Ama-Roores inflorescence ahamba ngezimbali eziphansi. Izimbali zinama-petals ayi-5 futhi zivame kakhulu ukwilinganiswa ngokulingene. Iqhakaza isikhathi eside kakhulu, cishe amasonto amathathu noma amane.
Ezinye izici ze-saxifrage ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ekuphakameni kwesihlahla kungafinyelela amasentimitha amabili, nawo wonke amasentimitha ayi-100. Amahlamvu angena ngamaqabunga futhi anamaqabunga amade. Imiphetho yazo ibushelelezi noma ihlawulwe kakhulu. Izimbali zingapendwa ngemibala ehlukahlukene. Zincane kakhulu ngosayizi nama-nondescript ngokubukeka, futhi kunezimbali ezinkulu kakhulu, ezibukekayo ezinemibala ecebile. Izinsimbi zombili zimincane futhi ziyindilinga.
Nakekela i-saxifrage ekhaya
Ukukhanya
Ingakhula zombili emthunzini oyingxenye, nakokukhanya okukhanyayo okukhanyayo. Gwema ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amaqabunga alahlekelwa yi-juiciness yawo, eba yi-lethargic, bese umbala uyaphela. Ukubekwa egumbini, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe amafasitela asendaweni engasentshonalanga noma empumalanga yegumbi. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule ewindini lokuma ngasenyakatho, kepha amafomu ahlukahlukene kulokhu alahlekelwa umbala wawo obukekayo.
Imodi yokushisa
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, idinga izinga lokushisa lama-20 kuya kwangama-25 degrees. Esimweni lapho igumbi lishisa kakhulu, khona-ke imbali kufanele ikhishwe ngaphandle, ngokwesibonelo, engadini noma kuvulandi. Uma leli thuba lingatholakali, bazama ukukhipha igumbi kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ebusika, kutholakala inkathi yokubumba, futhi i-saxifrage ngalesi sikhathi idinga ukushisa kwama-degree ayi-12 kuye kwangama-15.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Ukunisela kufanele kube unyaka wonke, njengoba ungqimba oluphezulu lwomahluko ongaphansi komhlaba. Uma igumbi libanda, ukuchelela kufanele kube kuncane, ngoba ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi kuleli cala kuncipha. Ukusakazeka kwamanzi emhlabathini akumele kuvunyelwe kunoma yikuphi, ngoba lokhu kuthinta kabi izimpande, futhi kungasiza ekubukekeni kokubola.
Thela kuphela amanzi athambile, okufanele atholwe emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.
I-Moisturizing
Akunciphisi umswakama womoya futhi uzizwa ungcono kakhulu ezimweni ezifuywayo, kuphela uma kunikezwa ubusika obupholile. Uma lesi sitshalo sivuthisa ukushisa, kufanele siphinde sihlelwe kabusha kude nezinto zokufudumeza kanye nokufafaza okuhlelekile kwamahlamvu kusetshenziswa amanzi athambileko tepid kulokhu. Kuyadingeka futhi ukufafaza ngezinsuku ezishisayo ehlobo.
Ingxube yomhlaba
Umhlaba ofanele kufanele ube buthakathaka noma ube nokudla okunempilo, umoya-namanzi kuvunyelwe, kube ne-acidity engathathi hlangothi. Kuphela yi-saxifrage cotyledon edinga inhlabathi ene-acidic. Ukuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi efanelekile kwezinye izinhlobo kulula kakhulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlanganisa ingxenye eyi-1 yenhlabathi eshidi nezingxenye ezi-2 zomhlaba wobumba we-turf ne-½ ingxenye yesihlabathi esihlanganayo. Futhi kule ngxube ephumayo udinga ukuthulula ingxenye yesine noma yesihlanu yevolumu ephelele yobumba olunwetshisiwe noma amatshe.
Ukutshala i-saxifrage, udinga amabhodwe aphansi, ububanzi. Kungenzeka ukulingana nezitolo eziningana kumthamo owodwa, ngoba izimpande zincane futhi azithathi isikhala esiningi. Ungakhohlwa ngesendlalelo esihle semisele, esizosiza ukuvikela ukugeleza kwamanzi emhlabathini.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ngempatho embi ifinyelela enanini elikhulu lomanyolo emhlabathini. Kunconywa ukondla isikhathi esisodwa sonyaka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umanyolo wendawo yonke wezitshalo zasendlini. Kuyinto engathandeki ukusebenzisa umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen, ngoba ivusa ukukhula okusebenzayo kwamahlamvu.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Kudluliselwa lapho kunesidingo, njengomthetho, uma isihlahla sikhula ngokuqinile futhi singangeni ebhodweni.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ingasatshalaliswa ngembewu, kanye nangaphansi kwamadodakazi. Ngaso leso sikhathi, izisekelo zingatshalwa ngokushesha ebhodweni elingapheli.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Ukulunywa kwesicabucabu, imaybubug, kanye nokujikijela kungahlala. Lapho igciwane, kunconywa ukwelashwa ngama-insecticides (phytoverm, actellic).
Uma unakekela isitshalo ngokungalungile, khona-ke izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokubola zingavela. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yomoya obandayo onomswakama omkhulu noma ngenxa yokuchichima. Uma uhlelo lwezimpande lubolile, isiqu sonke esisele singakhiwa futhi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, okokuqala kudingeka ukuthi kuhlanzwe isisindo esibolile futhi siphathwe nge-fungicides.
Ukubuyekezwa kwevidiyo
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko
Imvamisa, kusetshenziswa ama-saxifrage ekukhuleni ema-rockeries, nakuma-alpine slide epaki nasengadini. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo ezincane ezingatshalwa ekhaya. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinhlobo zifaka konke okulandelayo.
I-Wattlebreaker Saxifraga (Saxifraga stolonifera)
Ibizwa nangokuthi yi-Saxifraga-blow-kuza noma inzalo (i-Saxifraga sarmentosa) - lolu hlobo luthandwa kakhulu futhi luvame ukuvuthwa njengesitshalo esinamandla. Emvelweni, ingahlangatshezwa eJapan, futhi nase China. Lesi sitshalo se-perennial sine-rosette yamaqabunga aminyene. Amahlamvu anama-long-leaved, abe ne-pubescence encane. Isihlahla ngaphesheya, futhi futhi ukuphakama kungafinyelela kusuka 20 kuya 50 amasentimitha. Iqabunga linomumo oyindilinga, isisekelo esenziwe ngenhliziyo nomphetho obanzi. Ububanzi bayo bulingana cishe namasentimitha angama-5-7. Uhlangothi lwangaphambili luhlaza okotshani ngemivimbo evelele yamabala, kanti uhlangothi olungafanele lupendwe luhlaza okotshani. Izindebe zezimbali, ama-petioles, ngisho nama-stolon amahlumela amade, angamakhasi omoya "amadevu", emaphethelweni awo ayisisekelo sendodakazi, afakwa ngopende olufanayo. Uma i-saxifrage ikhula njengesitshalo esikhulayo, khona-ke ama-stolons ayo angaba amasentimitha angama-60 kuye kwangama-100. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukukhipha ngakunye kwendodakazi ngayinye kuyakwazi ukuba nama-stolons ayo.
Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti. Izimbali ezincane azifanekiseli inani elikhethekile lokuhlobisa, kepha zinezindebe ezingafani nalokhu, okuntuleka ngokuphelele kokulinganisa. Ngakho-ke, amacembe ama-3 amancane, atholakale phezulu, ane-ovoid, futhi ichopho lawo lincane. Zenziwe ngopende opinki, futhi amabala amancanyana abomvu akhiwe ngokungahleliwe ebusweni bawo. Ngezansi kukhona amacembe amakhulu ama-2, apendwe mhlophe. Imvamisa ziyahlukahluka ngosayizi.
Lolu hlobo lunezinhlobonhlobo eziningana. Okudumile:
- Ukuvuna Inyanga ("Inyanga Yokuvuna") - umbala wamaqabunga uphaphathekile, uluhlaza uphuzi.
- I-Tricolor ("Tricolor") - lokhu kuhlukahluka kuxubekile, futhi iqabunga ngalinye linonqenqemeni olubomvana olubomvana kahle.
I-Saxifraga cotyledon (Saxifraga cotyledon)
Emvelweni, ungahlangana e-Alps. Lesi sihle kakhulu kubo bonke abamele iSaxifragidae (zombili ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nezikhathi ezijwayelekile). I-rosette yayo emincane kakhulu yamaqabunga ifana kakhulu ne-anomnandi, efana ne-echeveria. Amaqabunga aluhlaza amancani awafundile futhi anomhlanga noma umumo we-obovate. Ngobude, afinyelela cishe amasentimitha ayi-10, futhi ububanzi - cishe amasentimitha ayi-2. Imiphetho eyenziwe ngocingo embozwe ngengubo emhlophe, ewugqinsi nenempilo, ekhiqizwa yiqabunga uqobo. Phezu kweqabunga elimenyezelayo kukhona ne-coating encane calcareous. Izimbali ziqala ngoMeyi noma ngoJuni. Ngalesi sikhathi, isigaxa esidonsayo esinamagatsha anamanzi sikhula sisuka maphakathi ne-rosette, lapho kubanjwa khona isiqu sezimo zepiramidi, esinenqwaba yezimbali ezimise okwezinkanyezi. Ngosayizi, lesi sigaqa sikhulu kunezihlahla ngokwazo, futhi kaningana. Ubukhulu bayo obulungile yilezi: ubude - amasentimitha angama-60, nobubanzi - amasentimitha angama-40. Lezi zimbali zipendiwe njengenkanyezi ejwayelekile ngombala obomvana. Kodwa-ke, manje kunezinhlobo ezinombala ohlukile wezimbali.
Ama-Arends Saxifrages (Saxifraga arendsii)
Lokhu kubukwa kwe-hybrid kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kunenani elikhulu lezinhlobo ezihlukile. Izincwajana ezinemilolozo ecwebezelayo ziyahlakazeka ngokujulile futhi zicishe zenziwe njalo. Bahlanganiswe emasakeni amancane amaqabunga. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi sitshalo siyakhula, ngenxa yalokho kwakheka amathayile aminyene kakhulu, acishe afane ne-moss. Kulokhu, le nhlobo ithola elinye igama phakathi kwabantu, okuyile "mossy saxifrage". Kuma-inflorescence amancane amancane agqamile kunezimbali eziningana zobukhulu obukhulu, ezinesimo esifanele. Ama-petals atholakala ngendlela ebanzi futhi angafakwa ngopende, omhlophe, ngombala opinki, nangamakhandlela ahlukene onsomi nokubomvu. Umbala wezimbali uncike ezinhlobonhlobo.
Lesi sitshalo, esithanda ukukhula ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esisezingeni elibi, sizwa kahle ezimweni zasekamelweni. Noma kunjalo, ngokutshala kwayo okuphumelelayo, noma kunjalo, ukunakwa kufanele kunikezwe amaphuzu athile.
