Ama-Hydroponics ekhaya

Ama-Hydroponics - Indlela yesimanje yezitshalo ezikhulayo kwizisombululo ezikhethekile. Kuhunyushwe kusuka kulimi lwesiGreek, igama elithi hydroponics ngokwezwi nezwi lisho "isisombululo esisebenzayo." Kusetshenziswa le ndlela, izitshalo zidlulisa umhlaba ngenhlabathi, ziku-substrate, osebenza njengokusekelwa kohlelo lwempande futhi zithola izakhi zomzimba ezidingekayo kusukela kusisombululo. It for isitshalo ngasinye, kuye ngezinhlobo zezilwane, sikhethwa ngawodwana.

Indlela engenasisekelo yezitshalo ezikhulayo yaqala ukusetshenziswa ezikhathini zasendulo. I-Hanging Gardens eBhabheli ngumzamo wokuqala ophumelelayo wokusebenzisa indlela ye-hydroponic. E-Aztec Floating Gardens, etholakala eMelika Ephakathi, kwasebenza ubuchwepheshe obufanayo. Lapho omakhelwane abanjengempi bexosha amaNdiya angama-nomad ahlala ogwini lweLake Tenochitlan eMexico, basungula indlela yabo yokulima imifino nezithelo. Ama-Aztec akha ama-rafts avela emhlangeni futhi awamboza ngesilika kusuka phansi echibini, izihlahla zezithelo ezikhula nezitshalo zemifino.

Ngaphambi kokuthi kuqhamuke indlela ye-hydroponics, ososayensi bafunda ukuthi lesi sitshalo sidla kanjani. Ngesikhathi sokutshala izitshalo emanzini, banquma ukuthi yiziphi izakhi ezivela ezimpandeni. Kwatholakala ukuthi ukukhula okujwayelekile nentuthuko isitshalo sidinga amaminerali. IPotassium ikhuthaza ukukhula kwezitshalo. Ngenxa ye-calcium, uhlelo lwempande lwakhiwa. I-Magnesium ne-iron kuyabandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwe-chlorophyll. Sulfur ne phosphorus kusetshenziselwa ukwakha i-nucleus kanye ne-protoplasm.

Izinzuzo

Uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela yendabuko yezitshalo ezikhulayo, ama-hydroponics anezinzuzo eziningana.

Isitshalo sithola konke ukunikezwa kwezakhamzimba ngenani elidingekayo. Lokhu kunomthelela ekukhuleni kwayo ngokushesha kanye nentuthuko. Izitshalo ezikhule ngale ndlela zihlukaniswa impilo enhle. Izihlahla zezithelo zinika isivuno esihle, futhi izitshalo ezihlobisa umnandi ziqhakaza ngezimbali eziningi futhi ezinde.
Ngokukhula kwezitshalo ezingenamhlabathi, ungakwenza khohlwa ngenkinga efana nokomisa ukuphuma kanye nokuthumela amanzi enhlabathini.
Ngenxa yokulawulwa kokuhamba kwamanzi ukuthambisa kancane. Ungakhohlwa ukuthambisa nsuku zonke, ukukha umthamo odingekayo kanye nohlelo olukhulayo. Ngokuya ngosayizi womkhumbi we-hydroponic, ukuchelela kuncishiswa kusuka amahlandla amabili ngesonto kuya kanye ngenyanga.
Isitshalo sithola inani eliqondile lomanyolo. Akunasidingo sokukhathazeka ngokuthi kudinga ukukhokhelwa malini.
Akunasidingo sokusebenzisa ama-pesticides. Isitshalo esikhule kuma-hydroponics asesabi izinambuzane zenhlabathi, ukubola kwezimpande nezifo zokukhunta.
Ukudlulisa isitshalo kulula futhi kulula.. Izimpande azilimalanga ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, azidingi kukhululwa emhlabathini. Kwanele ukudlulisa isitshalo kwesinye isitsha ngokufaka isisombululo.
IHydroponics - indlela yezomnotho yokukhulisa izitshalo zasendlini. Azidingi i-substrate yobumba, okufanele iguqulwe njalo ngonyaka. Izingxube ezi-Nutrient nemishini ekhethekile ingakwazi ukuthenga abantu abaningi.
Umhlaba unamandla okuqongelela izinto eziyingozi ezisongela impilo yomuntu (ama-radionuclides, ama-nitrate, izinsimbi ezisindayo, ubuthi). Ngendlela engenasisekelo yokukhula, isitshalo sisebenzisa kuphela lokho esikudingayo. Izitshalo zezithelo zizoba nobungani bemvelo futhi zivikeleke.. Ngokunambitheka, aziphambani neze ngaphansi kwezitshalo ezitshalwe ngendlela yendabuko.
Ukutshala izitshalo hydroponically akugcini ngokungenisa imvelo, kepha futhi kumnandi. Musa ukungcolisa izandla zakho, njengalapho usebenza nomhlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhumbi ye-hydroponic ilula futhi ibumbene. Ikhona eliluhlaza endlini lizobukeka licocekile, ngeke kube khona iphunga nodoti.

Unganaki ama-stereotypes asethuthukile phakathi namakhulu eminyaka ukuthi isitshalo singatshalwa emhlabathini kuphela. Le akuyona indlela yokufakelwa usebenzisa ama-pesticides. Indlela ye-hydroponic iphephile ngokuphelele.

IHydroponics ilula

Njengoba usuwazi imiqondo eyisisekelo, ungaqala ukukhula izitshalo. Le ndlela ayidingi izindleko ezikhethekile zomsebenzi. Kuzoba lula kakhulu ukunakekela izimbali zasendlini. Ikakhulu uma usebenzisa amasistimu wokujikeleza we-automated, kwezinye izimo angahlanganiswa ngokuzimela. Ungenza impilo yakho ibe lula ngokunciphisa inani lokunisela nokugqoka okuphezulu.

IHydroponics ayibizi

Ukwenza umkhumbi we-hydroponic, udinga imbiza ejwayelekile yepulasitiki nanoma yisiphi isitsha esikhulu esifanele. Into esemqoka ukuthi ayikuvumeli ukukhanya, iqukethe inani elithile lamanzi futhi i-inert yamakhemikhali. Isikhwama sephepha esivamile esenziwe ngobisi noma ujusi, esenzelwe ukugcinwa isikhathi eside, kufanelekile. Ukusuka ohlangothini lomthungo, kugawulwa umgodi ngaphansi kwembiza kuwo. Isitsha siphendulwe ngasohlangothini lwaso. Imbiza ene-substrate icwiliswa kwisisombululo samasentimitha ayi-1-2.

Ukwakheka kwesihlokwana kufanele kufake i-vermiculite, i-perlite, udaka olwandisiwe, uvolo wamaminerali, i-coconut fiber. Akukafaneli sikhohlwe nge-inert chemical fiber, engasetjenziswa njengethawula le-foam, i-nylon, i-nylon noma i-polypropylene yarn. Lezi zinto zokwakha ngeke zibize ngaphezulu kwengxube yenhlabathi. Uma i-substrate yobumba idinga ukushintshwa minyaka yonke ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, khona-ke i-substrate ye-hydroponics izohlala iminyaka eminingana.

Ukuze ukhule isitshalo esisodwa esincane, kudingeka ulungiselele ilitha elilodwa lesisombululo sezakhi. Ukugxila kwenzelwe amalitha angama-50 wesisombululo se-hydroponic. Ngenxa yakhe, unganakekela izitshalo ezingama-50 ngonyaka noma welule uketshezi lweminyaka engama-50.

Yiziphi izitshalo ezingatshalwa hydroponically?

Indlela ye-hydroponic ingafakwa kwizitshalo eziningi ezitshalwa ngembewu noma nge-cutways. Lapho udlulisa izinhlobonhlobo zabantu abadala, kungcono ukuthatha izitshalo ezinezimpande eziwugqinsi nezomile. Kufanele zisulwe kahle umhlaba. IHydroponics ayenziwa uma izitshalo zinesistimu yezimpande ethambile.

Imithetho Yokutshalwa Kwezitshalo

Ukuze udlulise lesi sitshalo ku-hydroponics, kuyadingeka ukusisusa ebhodweni bese uthambisa isigaxa sobumba ebhakedeni lamanzi endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni. Ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, umhlaba uhlukaniswe ngobumnene ezimpandeni. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngaphansi komfula wamanzi olula, izimpande ziyagezwa. Izimpande ezihlutshiwe ziqonde phansi futhi zimbozwe nge-substrate ekhethekile, ebambe isitshalo. Akufanele uthinte izimpande zesendlalelo samanzi. Isixazululo sizokhuphuka kanye nama-capillaries we-substrate, ngakho-ke izimpande zizofinyelela ekujuleni okudingekayo. Ngemuva kokufakelwa, i-hydroponic substrate iniselwa ngamanzi asobala, isitsha siyagcwaliswa. Ukuze isitshalo sivumelane nezimo ezintsha zokuboshwa, kushiyelwa isonto lonke. Uma kuphela, amanzi athathelwa indawo yisisombululo. Awukwazi ukugcwalisa ngaso leso sikhathi.

Imiqondo eyisisekelo ye-hydroponics

Ukuxazulula isixazululo

Iqoqo lesisombululo likhethwa ngokuya ngezincomo zomenzi. Umthamo wesisombululo esitsheni se-hydroponic kumele ugcinwe ezingeni elifanayo. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokungeza njalo amanzi asobala lapho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ithambile (ixazululwe noma ihlungiwe). Ngokwemiyalelo yomenzi, ikhambi lishintshwa ngokuphelele ezinyangeni ezintathu. Kwizitshalo ezingavikeleki kanye nama-epiphytes, kuthathwa isixazululo esinokuphazamiseka okuningana kwezikhathi ezi-2-4. Izitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha zidinga ukwandisa ukuqoqwa kwekhambi lezakhi ngezikhathi eziyi-1.5. Izilimo zemifino zaminyaka yonke zithanda ukuqoqwa okuphindwe izikhathi eziyi-1,25 ngaphezulu kwesilinganiso. Esikhathini esibandayo, ukuqoqwa kwesisombululo kuncishiswa izikhathi ezingama-2-3. Kubalulekile futhi ukwehlisa izinga lamanzi.

I-acidity yesisombululo (pH)

I-5.6 yi-pH efanelekile yezitshalo eziningi. Njengomthetho, zonke izingoma ze-hydroponic zisondele kule nkomba. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwezitshalo, inani elidingakalayo liyakhethwa. Akuzona zonke izitshalo ezilingana ne-5.6 pH. AmaGardenias nama-azaleas akhetha indawo ene-acidic eningi (pH = 5). Indawo ene-alkaline ilungele izihlahla zesundu (pH = 7). Ukunquma i-pH, kusetshenziswa imitha ye-pH kagesi. Le divayisi ikhombisa amanani aqondile, kepha akuwona wonke umuntu ongayisebenzisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyabiza kakhulu. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izivivinyo ezikhethekile ze-acidity ezenzelwe ama-aquariums. Zingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile ze-zoological. Banikeza izinkomba ezinembayo futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Izinkomba ze-Universal strip azikufanele ukuthenga. Banomugqa omkhulu wephutha.

Ungasilungiselela kanjani isixazululo se-hydroponics

Isixazululo se-Hydroponic siqukethe izithako ezimbili. Ukunquma umthamo ngqo usebenzisa isirinji yemigudu emihlanu. Ingxenye yokuqala yesisombululo ngumanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi (1.67 ml). Izinhlobo ezimbili zomanyolo zingasetshenziswa. I- "Uniflor Bud" ilungele izitshalo zezithelo nezitshalo zezimbali. Kwezinye izinhlobo, kungcono ukuthatha "Ukukhulisa i-Uniflor", okuthuthukisa ukukhula kwengxenye eluhlaza yesitshalo. Umanyolo ukhiqizwa ilitha linye lamanzi.

Isithako sesibili sokulungiselela isisombululo se-hydroponic yisisombululo sama-25% se-calcium nitrate (2 ml). Ulungiselela umane. Amagremu angama-250 we-calcium nitrate enamanzi amane afakwa kwilitha lamanzi. Leli nani le-nitrate lisetshenziselwa amanzi athambile. Isibonelo, ususe i-distill noma uthepha iSt. Petersburg nge-100 mg / l. Uma amanzi enzima, inani le-nitrate le-calcium likhethwe ngokuhlukile.

Izithako ezimbili nje ezilula futhi uthola isixazululo sokuhlushwa okujwayelekile (1 litre).